E X P L O R I N G PA N M U R ERyan James Aldr ich

Panmure is situated adjacent to the eastern rail network and along the main connection across the Tamaki estuary into the East and South of Auckland.

The AMETI project places Panmure train station at the centre of a signifi-cant transport node.

AMETI opens room for transport orientated development to occur within and around Panmure.

CONTEXT

AMITI INTERVENTION

OPPORTUNITY

“Parkland threaded with serpent ine paths streaming through a development area dissects and connects the s i te whi le adding ecological , recreat ional and visual amenit ies. I t provides ac-commodat ion to cater for Auckland’s cer tain and cont inuing populat ion increase. Impor tant ly i t redef ines Panmure and Mt Wel l ington to establ ish connect ion to the water and each other.”

 

Ryan James Aldr ich

E X P L O R I N G PA N M U R E

Panmure is situated adjacent to the eastern rail network and along the main connection across the Tamaki estuary into the East and South of Auckland.

1) Auckland is growing and needs to accommodated population increases.

2) Panmure and Mt Wellington are not connected to the water.

The AMETI project places Panmure train station at the centre of a significant transport node.

AMETI opens room for transport orientated development to occur within and around Panmure.

CONTEXT

AMITI INTERVENTION

OPPORTUNITY

PANMURE

Auckland, New Zealand

Panmure Basin

PANMURE BASIN

AUCKLAND CBD

LOCATING PANMURE

NORTH LANDTHE PACIFIC

Panmure is a south eastern suburb of Auckland. Panmure is s i tuated 11km southeast of the ci ty centre and close to the western banks of the Tamaki River and the Nor thern shore of the Panmure Basin. Nor th of Panmure is the suburb of Tamaki and to the West is Mt Wel l ington.

VIEW OVER PANMURE FROM MT WELLINGTON

PANMURE BASINPANMURE RETAIL AREA

PANMURE BASIN

PANMURE BASIN

PANMURE BASIN

GLEN INNES

PHOTOS FROM SITE, TEXT ABOUT PHOTOS

SUBJECTS OF INVESTIGATION

1)Auckland is growing and needs to accommodated populat ion increases.

2)Panmure and Mt Wel l ington are not connected to the water.

UNDERLYING ISSUE / INVESTIGATION DRIVER

VIEW OVER PANMURE FROM MT WELLINGTON

“The Auckland Manukau Eastern Transport Initiative (AMETI) is a group of transport projects for the eastern suburbs. The aim is to give people living in the area transport choices by improving public trans-port, walking and cycling facilities

Currently less than 4% of all jour-neys use public transport.

The AMETI transport project aims at increasing public transport use by creating, upgrading and improv-ing public transport infrastructure.

Panmure Train station will become a major centre for public transport. It will feature the interchange of rail, bus and pedestrian commuting.

A M E T I E X P L A N AT I O N

A M E T I P L A N

CROSS SECTION AREA

AMETI PLAN FOR PANMURE

“Between Mountain Road and Ellerslie-Panmure Highway the new road will be covered.

Another road will be built on top, for local buses and providing access to the station for drop off and taxis.”

A M E T I E X P L A N AT I O N

Panmure is situated adjacent to the eastern rail network and along the main connection across the Tamaki estuary into the East and South of Auckland.

The AMETI project places Panmure train station at the centre of a signifi-cant transport node.

AMETI opens room for transport orientated development to occur within and around Panmure.

CONTEXT

AMITI INTERVENTION

OPPORTUNITY

A M E T I E X P L A N AT I O N

SECTION B: OVER RAIL CORRIDOR

SECTION A: WESTERN ABUTMENT

AMETI PLAN FOR PANMURE

“AMETI wi l l see a major focus on publ ic t ransport improve-ments, including a busway with high frequency services that wi l l eventual ly run between Botany, Pakuranga and Panmure.”

INVESTIGATION EXTENT

Ring buffers were created from the Panmure roundabout located adjacent to the t ra in stat ion and the main retai l street of Panmure. The r ing buffers aim to establ ish the extent of pedestr ian connec-t iv i ty.

The AMITI project wi l l create a publ ic t ranspor t node. The area surrounding the enhanced AMITI t ra in stat ion and transpor t node has potent ia l for a new transpor t or ientated development (TOD). The extend pedestr ians would walk to use this new transpor t node forms the invest igat ion ex-tend for the project.

I t is est imated that pedestr i -an connect iv i ty typical ly ends around 800 meters.

ROADING / CADASTRAL BARRIERS

TOPOGRAPHY

The landform of Panmure and the surrounding area features to-pography interest ing and var ied. Al ter ing in elevat ion and scale topography is a def in ing character ist ic of the area. From Mt wel-l ington the dominant v isual feature of the area thrust ing upwards into the skyl ine to the depths of the Tamiki estuary and the t idal Panmure basin.

ELEVATION RASTER

ABSTRACT ELEVATION RASTER

TOPOGRAPHY

SECTION 1 (MT WELLINGTON TO PANMURE BASIN)

ABSTRACT ELEVATION RASTER

PRESERVING SIGHT LINES

Mt Wel l ington is an outstanding nat-ural feature and landmark. I t resides as a fami l iar s ight on the Auckland skyl ine. The Auckland Counci l has establ ished impor tant s ight l ines towards the volcanic cone. To re-tain s ight l ines par t icular height re-str ict ions have been establ ished for bui ldings located within s igni f icant v iew shafts.

Cr i t ical to design intervent ion is to recognise the impor tance of the mountain both histor ical ly in relat ion to the Maori people and present ly as a publ ic reserve, natural feature and landmark.

CATCHMENTS

The mapping of hydrological catchments forms a cr i t ical and inf luent ia l component of analy-s is. Hydrology is s igni f icant to the Panmure area. The Large changes in elevat ion and high percentage of impervious sur fac-es of which a large amount is of industr ia l nature in an estuar ine context requires funct ioning and effect ive storm water systems. Mapping the hydrological catch-ments informs the placement of green infrastructure such as swales and rain garden .

DEVELOPMENT SPREAD

The Panmure area is highly devel-oped. This over lay displays the bui l t up areas of Panmure and i ts surround-ing in contrast to the open parkland, estuary and undeveloped land. I t is c lear that the area of Auckland sur-rounding Panmure is already bui ld up with Stone f ie lds being the only area not bui l t up al though i t is current ly under development. This establ ishes that any deployment to take place that does not reside on publ ic reserve would be a brown f i led development.

BUILDING FOOTPRINTS

Simi lar to the mapping of the developed areas of Panmure and i ts surrounding was an invest igat ion to the bui lding foot pr ints. The in-tent ion is to ident i fy areas within the bui ld up environment that have less bui lding coverage and therefore are possibly more sui ted and accommodat ing to development.

CADASTRAL SIZES

Mapping and invest igat ion into cadas-tral s izes forms a key component of th is project. Large land parcels typi-cal ly are more sui ted and accommo-dat ing to development as acquisi t ion of numerous smal l lots can be cost ly and hard i f not impossible to achieve. To accommodate large populat ion in-creases whi le rearranging the al ign-ment of Panmure and Mt Wel l ington to connect wi th the water is a project l ikely sui ted to large development re-quir ing appropriate large land parcels to do so.

Mapping of larger land parcels those over 0.6 hectares was under taken in the aim to ident i fy areas potent ia l -ly more sui ted to development. The larger cadastral lots ident i f ied in the Panmure and i ts surrounding area comprise most ly of industr ia l land and publ ic reserve. When viewing this map i t is impor tant to remember walk ing extents f rom to be developed transpor t infrastructure in Panmure. This establ ishes a clear area of larger land parcels between Mt Wel l ington and Panmure basin.

CADASTRAL SIZES

Below a perspect ive displays Cadastral s izes. The green areas are land parcels of 2 or more hectares. The lef t image shows distance from Panmure roundabout and the adjacent t ra in stat ion. The circles are 500 metre buffers.

DEVELOPMENT AREA

The area ident i f ied to be developed is out l ined in yel low. The select ion of th is area was heavi ly based on the invest igat ions into the cadas-tral s izes of the area. The area consists most ly of re lat ively large land parcels. The size of the land to be developed is 66 hectares.

CONNECTING TO THE WATER

STORMWATER DRAINS

A more detai led hydrological invest igat ion was carr ied out af ter ident i fy ing the develop-ment area. This invest igat ion was at a grater resolut ion. Underground storm water drains have been mapped over laying an elevat ion ras-ter wi th the drainage catch-ments over la id as red l ines. This gives clear indicat ion of the direct ion water t rav-els across the s i te as wel l as the current storm water infra-structure. I t is impor tant to note that a large major i ty of the land within the develop-ment area is that of impervi-ous sur faces.

MT WELLINGTON

DAY LIGHTING STORMWATER DRAINS

Day l ight ing of storm water drains and the creat ion of ra in gardens was a design move informed and directed by the mapping and invest igat ion into the hydrology of the s i te. The exist ing storm water piped storm water infra-structure wi l l be del ighted into planted swales or rain gardens. These rain gardens wi l l a lso rap around and through the si te to col lect water as i t f lows towards Panmure basin.

Day l ight ing of storm water drains is the exercise of t ransforming tradi-t ional piped or concrete l ined storm water drains into above ground f low paths which are more natural or organic. Day l ight ing has many benef ic ia l outcomes. Such outcomes are s lowing down the f low of water reducing erosion, reduct ion and f i l ter ing of water enter ing r ipar ian areas from water permeat ing into the ground, evaporat ion and uptake into plants. Impor tant ly plants absorb pol lutants f rom the water.

Rain gardens are green storm water infrastructure. They are planted swales or depressions that col lect and retrain water. Storm water is f i l tered by plants

RAIN GARDEN NETWORK

EXISTING GREEN SPACE

Green space or impervious areas are impor tant to a development. They are desired areas that faci l -i tate spor t and recreat ion. From a water management perspect ive impervious sur faces are v iewed as ‘good’ s ince they al low water to drain. Typical ly green space has an aesthet ic that people val-ue and desire. The green space already exist ing in the development area wi l l be retained. The graphic below is a plan of the green space to be re-tained.

EXISTING GREEN SPACE

EXISTING GREEN SPACE

ROADING NETWORK

Invest igat ion in the road network through and surrounding the development area was under taken. There are a few major roads or rai l corr idors that dissect the development area. Due to their s igni f icance i t was decided that design and development should work around these establ ished and fundamental t ranspor t ar ter ies.

The graphic below is a perspect ive of the roads cutt ing between the extruded bui lding footpr ints of the area surrounding Panmure.

The graphic to the lef t is a plan of the major roads dissect ing the development area.

MT WELLINGTON

PANMURE BASIN

MAJOR ROADS

VIEWSHED

The underl ing issue or dr iver for th is invest igat ion and the resul t ing design moves is that of reconnect ing Panmure and Mt Wel l ington to the water. Invest igat ion into the v isual connect ion of the area was under taken in the form of v iew sheds.

The map to the lef t i l lustrates the vast v iews avai lable f rom near the summit of Mt Wel l ing-ton.

VIEW FROM: MT WELLINGTON

VIEW FROM: MT WELLINGTON

VIEWSHED

In contrast to the vast v iews from Mt wel l ington an invest igat ion into the v iew sheds from the centre Panmure was under taken. This is to i l lustrate how the current cadastral system or the arrangement of the road and street network re-str icts v iews. Within a bui ld up area you are restr icted to the v iews along streets as bui ldings and fences form visual barr iers.

BUILDING HEIGHTS

PANMURE

MT WELLINGTON

PANMURE BASIN

ESTABLISHING A GRID

In response to invest igat ion into the road network and view sheds along with the underly ing dr iver of connect ing to the water a distor ted gr id has been imposed over the s i te. The gr id takes i ts form from fanning roads or streets f rom Panmure Basin and from Mt Wel l ington. The inter ference of these roads or streets fanning out f rom these landmarks creates a distor ted gr id. This gr id is a response to the un-der ly ing dr iver. The gr id features v iew shafts to Mt Wel l ington or Panmure basin interrupted only by to-pography from any street in the development area. The gr id system informs and leads people towards both natural features.

MT WELLINGTON

PANMURE BASIN

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COMBINING LAYERS

THE GRID

RAIN GARDENS

GREEN SPACE

MAJOR ROADS

DEVELOPMENT EXTENT

Through invest igat ion and a ser ies of GIS maps a range of features or condit ions were discovered, highl ighted and designed to establ ish a base or gr id for the development and fur ther design.

The base form takes i ts shape from a ser ies of factual layers these are exist ing green space and major roads. Over layers were created or es-tabl ished from invest igat ion of exist ing or factual condit ions of the s i te and their design to direct ly corresponds to these invest igat ions. The development extent ref lects invest igat ion into cadastral s izes, bui lding footpr ints and the road network. The Rain garden over lay was created in response to invest igat ions of storm water drains, topography, drainage catchments, and major roads. The Grid layer is a response to explora-t ions into v iew sheds, the road network, as wel l as the connect iv i ty and circulat ion of the area.

ESTABLISHING A GRID

THE GRID SYSTEM

The gr id system serves as a base for fur ther design and develop-ment. I t funct ions as a way of pre-serving and creat ing view shafts to the s igni f icant natural features Mt Wel l ington and Panmure Ba-sin. I t directs and leads people to these features. Green space is preserved and rain gardens es-tabl ished for ecology, storm wa-ter management, recreat ion, and visual amenity. The gr id system aims to be a faci l i tator and sys-tem of eff ic ient c i rculat ion and green infrastructure.

THE GRID SYSTEM

The aer ia l perspect ive of the gr id system displays the al ignment of i ts boulevards fanning from Mt Wel l ington and Panmure Basin. The exist ing major roads remain in place along with the exist ing green space. The rain garden and day l ighted drain system is evi-dent amongst the development.

SITE ANALYSIS: ASPECT + HILLSHADE

The aspect of the development area was invest igated. Aspect or the hor izontal direct ion to which slope faces has a strong inf luence on condit ions such as tempera-ture and cl imate. This effect on temperature and cl imate can be used to determine locat ion and zoning within the development. Aspect over the s i te is very dynamic, of ten changing with no relat ively large homogeneous zones appearing.

HILLSHADE

ASPECT

Hil lshade of the s i te was invest igated. I t was discovered that Hi l lshade is not strongly dynamic on si te apar t f rom sunken areas of road, the land that leads to Pamure ba-sin as wel l as the land belonging to the reserve of Mt Wel l ington. Al though there is a large change in elevat ion over the s ight gradients or s lope is relat ively low.

SITE ANALYSIS: CADASTRAL + ZONING

ZONING

CADASTRAL PARCELS

The cadastral parcels making up the development area were invest igated along with zoning. The development area of 66 hectares is comprised of a large number of lots consist ing of homogenous zoning. The nature of the s i te zoning is most ly industr ia l .

The land compris ing the development area was ident i -f ied and selected because i t consists of re lat ively large land parcels. However streaks of smal ler cadastral lots are found predominant ly adjacent to the road forming the main axes leading to Panmure basin.

WATER CATCHMENTS

SITE ANALYSIS: TOPOGRAPHY + WATER CATCHMENTS

SLOPE CONTOUR

The topography of the development area was invest igated through a number of GIS layers. Slope contour l ines, and eleva-t ion were mapped. Through mapping of the topography an over-lay of drainage catchments across the s i te was created.

Across the s i te the topography is very dynamic. Elevat ion ranges dramat ical ly f rom the peak of Mt Wel l ington to the t idal depths of Panmure Basin. However invest igat ion into s lope displays only a few areas with undue slope this predominant ly being the land of sunken roads, land of the axes leading to Pamure basin and the land belonging to the reserve of Mt Wel l ington.

The topography of the s i te great ly complements the design move of imposing a gr id system of boulevards based on view shafts. Fur ther design needs to recognise the s igni f icance of the topo-graphic change across the development area.

SITE ANALYSIS: ELEVATION

CIRCULATION / NETWORKS / DIVIDING THE GRID

After establ ishing a gr id system over the development area fur ther invest igat ion to a resolut ion speci f ic to the s i te was carr ied out. The gr id system needs to be fur ther div ided and def ined. From this ref inement locat ion, arrangement and scale of e lements such as bui lding footpr ints, c i rculat ion and park networks can be establ ished. By establ ishing form and arrangement at th is detai l mater ia l i ty star ts to become evident and tangible.

CIRCULATION / NETWORKS / DIVIDING THE GRID

This stage examined the extensive GIS analysis of the s i te for solut ion and a response to the task out l ined above. However no clear, outstanding or effec-t ive answers were found. A hand drawn analysis and invest igat ion into circu-lat ion, networks and factors leading to the div is ion of the gr id was carr ied out. From this more creat ive approach, a design theme of intersect ing and div iding the space around the l inear boulevards with something organic and serpent ine immerged.

EXPLORING CONNECTIONS SERPENTINE PATH NETWORK BUILDING FOOT PRINTS

SERPENTINE PATHS AND BUILDING FOOTPRINTS

Through invest igat ion an idea emerged that an undulat ing or wavy form would not detract f rom the boulevards highl ight ing or f rom leading you towards the signi f icant features of Mt Wel l ington and Panmure Basin.

Hand drawn invest igat ion lead to network of serpent ine paths amounts parkland div ides the gr id. The remaining space of the development forms the bui lding footpr ints.

RELATIONSHIP: SERPENTINE PATHS AND BUILDING FOOTPRINTS

THE GRID

RAIN GARDENS

GREEN SPACE

MAJOR ROADS

DEVELOPMENT EXTENT

SERPENTINE PATHS

BUILDING FOOTPRINTS

=

Parkland threaded with serpent ine paths streaming through the de-velopment area dissects and connects the s i te whi le adding eco-logical , recreat ional and visual amenit ies. From establ ishing ser-pent ine paths and parkland amongst the previously def ined gr id system bui lding footpr ints were formed out of the reaming clear undef ined space. Previously a gr id system was establ ished from factual layers. Other layers were created from invest igat ion of ex-ist ing or factual condit ions of the s i te and their design direct ly cor-responds to these invest igat ions.

Layer ing al l factors of invest igat ion and design together a clear conf igurat ion emerges.

DESIGN THROUGH LAYERS

RELATING TO BRIEF

This design responds to, ref lects, and answers the in i t ia l under-ly ing issues and dr ivers of the invest igat ion. I t provides accom-modat ion to cater for Auckland’s cer tain and cont inuing populat ion increase. Impor tant ly i t redef ines Panmure and Mt Wel l ington to establ ish connect ion to the water and each other.

PLAN LAYERS / EXPLANATION

PLAN

PERSPECTIVE

PERSPECTIVE

PERSPECTIVE

PERSPECTIVES

PERSPECTIVES

SECTION

SECTION

PLANTING STRATEGY

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FAUNA, WILDLIFE, E

COLOGY

ZONING PLANT DIVERSITY

A plant ing strategy was inspired by the exist ing condit ions of the area and the proposed design. Impor tant ly i t was mused by the de-signs main dr iver the axis, connect ion and proximity between Mt Wel-l ington and Panmure Basin.

Plant ing is dynamic along the axis between these two nodes. Diver-s i ty in plant species corresponds according to the locat ion along this axis or the distance from the nodes Mt Wel l ington and Panmure Basin. Plant ing at the f r inges of the Mt Wel l ington and Panmure Basin is l imi ted to a smal ler pal let of species. Moving outwards from these areas a larger pal let of plants is used. This places the height of var i-at ion amongst the centre of the development.

NODES OF DIVERSITY

This plant ing strategy ref lects the s i tes unique con-di t ions along with the design and underly ing pro-ject dr ivers. I t is a governing system direct ing plant-ing. However impor tant ly wi th in th is system i t a l lows plant select ion and arrangement to correspond with speci f ic condit ions of s i te such as sun exposure, water tables, s lop, soi l type, and more.

CORRESPONDING TO SITE

LOW DIVERSITY

LOW DIVERSITY

HIGH DIVERSITY

PANMURE BASIN

FAUNA, WILDLIFE, E

COLOGY

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MT WELLINGTON

PANMURE BASIN

PANMURE TRAIN STATION / ROUNDABOUT

0

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10

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NATURAL BALANCE

FORMAL

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MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SPECIES WITHIN 30m2

PLANTING STRATEGY

VEGETATION PALLET:RAIN GARDENS

FAUNA, WILDLIFE, ECOLOGY

This high var iat ion of plant ing contrasts the nature of development and urbanisat ion. The centre hosts the most ecological amenity. The diverse plant ing has a scattered, organic na-ture. I t acts as physical plus emot ion rel ief and mediat ion to tangible ci ty connotat ions such as congest ion, noise, concrete and pol lut ion.

Surrounding the bases of Mt Wel l ington and Panmure Basin plant ing is least diverse. I t is more control led and restr icted. This ref lects and is keeping with current management and treatment of Auckland’s her i tage si tes. The vol-canic cones throughout Auckland are current ly maintained as grass covered.

DIVERSITY OF PLANTING:RAIN GARDENS AND TREE SCAPES

Rain Garden and Tree Scape pal lets are looked at independent ly for diversi ty l imi tat ions.

FORMING PLANTING PLANS

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EXTENT + ZONING CONTEXT

PLANTING PLAN EXTENT + DIVERSITY LIMITATIONS

FORMING PLANTING PLANS

MAXIMUM SPECIES WITHIN 30m2

RAIN GARDEN PALLET:

TREE SCAPE PALLET:

MAXIMUM SPICES WITHIN 30m213

13

FORMING PLANTING PLANS

Botanical name Common name Spacing (m) Grouping Area (%) Number of units

Asplenium bulbiferum Hen and chicken fern 0.3 1 to 4 5 43Cordyline australis Cabbage tree 0.5 1 to 5 20 104Entela arborescen Whau 1 1 10 26Leptocarpus (Apodasmia) Oioi - Jointed wire rush 0.5 1 and above 40 13Pseudopanax crassifolius Horoeka 0.3 1 to 3 15 130Corokia buddleioides Korokio 1 1 to 3 10 26

RAIN GARDEN

Botanical name Common name Spacing (m) Grouping Number of units

Vitex lucens Puriri 7 1 4Knightia excelsa Rewarewa 6 1 4Sophora fulvida Kowhai 4 1 13

TREE SCAPE

PLANTING PLAN 1:200

RAIN GARDEN

Vitex Lucens

Knight ia excelsa

Sophora fulv ida

E X P L O R I N G PA N M U R ERyan James Aldr ich

Panmure is situated adjacent to the eastern rail network and along the main connection across the Tamaki estuary into the East and South of Auckland.

The AMETI project places Panmure train station at the centre of a signifi-cant transport node.

AMETI opens room for transport orientated development to occur within and around Panmure.

CONTEXT

AMITI INTERVENTION

OPPORTUNITY

“Parkland threaded with serpent ine paths streaming through a development area dissects and connects the s i te whi le adding ecological , recreat ional and visual amenit ies. I t provides ac-commodat ion to cater for Auckland’s cer tain and cont inuing populat ion increase. Impor tant ly i t redef ines Panmure and Mt Wel l ington to establ ish connect ion to the water and each other.”