f acial bones iva medić, 2nd year 2013/14 mentor: a. Žmegač horvat
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FACIAL BONES
Iva Medić, 2nd year2013/14
Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat
SKULL cranial bones + facial bones (viscerocranium)
nasal bones
lacrimal bones
maxillary bones
mandibular bone
zygomatic bone
vomer
frontal
sphenoid
maxillary
ethmoid
Facial bones Sinuses
Various deformities
NASAL BONES
support the bridge of the nose part of the nasal septum
LACRIMAL BONES
in corners of eyes contain indentations
for the lacrimal sac
MAXILLARY BONES (MAXILLA) compose the upper jawbone
+ alveoli for teeth joined by a suture cleft palate
primary + permanent teeth
MANDIBULAR BONE lower jawbone
+ alveoli for teeth forms temporomandibular
joints (TMJ)
ZYGOMATIC BONES form the high portions of cheeks
VOMER lower part of
the nasal septum
nasal bones
lacrimal bones
maxillary bones
mandibular bone
zygomatic bone
vomer
frontal
sphenoid
maxillary
ethmoid
Facial bones Sinuses
Various deformities
SINUS
a sack or cavity in any organ or tissue
paranasal
four paired air filled spaces
around the nasal cavity maxillary sinuses
above the eyes frontal sinuses
between the eyes ethmoid sinuses
behind the ethmoid sphenoid sinuses
X-ray image of the paranasal sinuses
INFLAMMATION OF THE SINUSES connected to the nasal cavity and teeth ways
for infection to spread treatment: decongestants ((nor)epinephrine)
constriction of blood vessels; corticosteroids
CLEFT LIP/ CLEFT PALATE
separation of the parts of the lip or roof of the mouth
usually joined together during the early weeks of development
the two sides of the palate do not fuse as the fetus develops
often occurs without any previous family history
factors that are known to increase the risk: smoking or drinking during pregnancy
FACIAL PALSY (PARALYSIS) partial or total loss of function of the muscles
for facial expression inability to smile or laugh, or express any
facial movement damaged facial nerve or its nucleus, due to
trauma or a tumor
GLOBAL DATABASE ON CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALIES - IN CROATIA AND THE WORLD
cleft lip without cleft palate: 6.31 (rate per 10000)
cleft palate with or without cleft lip: 6.31
cleft palate with or without cleft lip: (rate per 10000)
Canada – 25.31
Finland – 14.31
France – 7.18
USA – 4.53
JOAQUIN PHOENIX – MICROFORM CLEFT
microform cleft – very narrowcleft the scar develops before the child is born
Gladiator (2000)
REFERENCES
Atlas of Human Amatomy, R.D. Sinelnikov, Vol1, Musculoskeletal system
The Language of Medicine, D.E. Chabner, Musculoskeletal system
http://www.littlebabyface.org/index.php/about/facial-deformities/
http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/media/us/samplechapters/9780443072116/9780443072116.pdf
http://www.who.int/genomics/anomalies/en/ZZ-Annex.pdf