F. Scott Fitzgerald: F. Scott Fitzgerald:

“Winter Dreams” “Winter Dreams” and and The Great The Great

GatsbyGatsby

About the AuthorAbout the Author

Born-September 24, 1896Born-September 24, 1896 Died-December 21, 1940Died-December 21, 1940 Married Zelda SayreMarried Zelda Sayre Famous works include Famous works include The Great The Great

Gatsby,Gatsby,

The Beautiful and the DamnedThe Beautiful and the Damned, and , and

Tender is the Night Tender is the Night

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Impact F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Impact on Societyon Society

Fitzgerald is Fitzgerald is credited with credited with coining the phrase coining the phrase “The Jazz Age” to “The Jazz Age” to describe the 1920’s. describe the 1920’s.

He wrote the He wrote the The The Great Gatsby,Great Gatsby, which which is said to be the is said to be the most accurate most accurate description of the description of the 1920’s.1920’s.

““Winter Dreams” and Winter Dreams” and The The Great Gatsby Great Gatsby

Fitzgerald is best remembered for his Fitzgerald is best remembered for his spoiled and conflicted Jazz Age characters, spoiled and conflicted Jazz Age characters, including Dexter Green from “Winter including Dexter Green from “Winter Dreams,” who bears a distinct Dreams,” who bears a distinct resemblance to Jay Gatsby, the protagonist resemblance to Jay Gatsby, the protagonist of of The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby. Both men are self-. Both men are self-made and eager to rise beyond their made and eager to rise beyond their station in life. The similarities between station in life. The similarities between “Winter Dreams” and “Winter Dreams” and The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby are not accidental, as Fitzgerald wrote the are not accidental, as Fitzgerald wrote the short story while he was developing the short story while he was developing the ideas that would become the novel. ideas that would become the novel.

World War IWorld War I World War I ended in 1918. World War I ended in 1918. People were disillusioned because of People were disillusioned because of

the war. the war. The generation that fought and The generation that fought and

survived has come to be called “the survived has come to be called “the lost generation.”lost generation.”

The end of this war helped spawn the The end of this war helped spawn the Jazz Age, which coincides with the Jazz Age, which coincides with the decade known as The Roaring decade known as The Roaring Twenties.Twenties.

The Roaring The Roaring TwentiesTwenties

While the sense of loss was readily While the sense of loss was readily apparent among expatriate American apparent among expatriate American artists who remained in Europe after the artists who remained in Europe after the war, back home the disillusionment took a war, back home the disillusionment took a less obvious form. less obvious form.

America seemed to throw itself headlong America seemed to throw itself headlong into a decade of madcap behavior and into a decade of madcap behavior and materialism, a decade that has come to be materialism, a decade that has come to be called the Roaring Twenties.called the Roaring Twenties.

The Jazz AgeThe Jazz Age

Prohibition was in effect.Prohibition was in effect. Dances such as the Charleston were Dances such as the Charleston were

popular.popular. Popular sayings included 23 Skidoo Popular sayings included 23 Skidoo

and Bee’s Knees.and Bee’s Knees. The economy was in a The economy was in a

“ “Boom.”Boom.”

The Jazz AgeThe Jazz Age The era is also known as the Jazz Age, The era is also known as the Jazz Age,

when the music called jazz, promoted by when the music called jazz, promoted by such recent inventions as the phonograph such recent inventions as the phonograph and the radio, swept up from New Orleans and the radio, swept up from New Orleans to capture the national imagination. to capture the national imagination.

Improvised and wild, jazz broke the rules Improvised and wild, jazz broke the rules of music, just as the Jazz Age thumbed its of music, just as the Jazz Age thumbed its nose at the rules of the past.nose at the rules of the past.

The New WomanThe New Woman

Among the rules broken were the age-old Among the rules broken were the age-old conventions guiding the behavior of women, conventions guiding the behavior of women, such as marriage at a later age and public such as marriage at a later age and public drinking and smoking. The new woman also drinking and smoking. The new woman also demanded the right to vote and to work outside demanded the right to vote and to work outside the home. the home.

This rebellious new woman tried to appear more This rebellious new woman tried to appear more man-like by cutting her hair into a boyish “bob.” man-like by cutting her hair into a boyish “bob.” She also shortened her skirts revealing the new-She also shortened her skirts revealing the new-found sexuality common of the “flapper.”found sexuality common of the “flapper.”

ProhibitionProhibition Eighteenth Amendment to the Eighteenth Amendment to the

Constitution, or Prohibition, banned the Constitution, or Prohibition, banned the public sale of alcoholic beverages from public sale of alcoholic beverages from 1919 until its appeal in 1933. This 1919 until its appeal in 1933. This amendment was not obeyed. amendment was not obeyed.

Speak-easies, nightclubs, and taverns that Speak-easies, nightclubs, and taverns that sold liquor were often raided, and sold liquor were often raided, and gangsters made illegal fortunes as gangsters made illegal fortunes as bootleggers, smuggling alcohol into bootleggers, smuggling alcohol into America.America.

Gambling Gambling

Illegal gambling was encouraged by Illegal gambling was encouraged by gangs.gangs.

Perhaps the worst scandal involving Perhaps the worst scandal involving gambling was the so-called Black Sox gambling was the so-called Black Sox Scandal of 1919, in which eight members Scandal of 1919, in which eight members of the Chicago White Sox were indicted of the Chicago White Sox were indicted for accepting bribes to throw baseball’s for accepting bribes to throw baseball’s World Series.World Series.

The AutomobileThe Automobile The Roaring Twenties was an era of The Roaring Twenties was an era of

reckless spending and consumption.reckless spending and consumption. The most conspicuous status symbol of the The most conspicuous status symbol of the

time was a flashy new automobile. time was a flashy new automobile. Advertising was becoming the major Advertising was becoming the major

industry that it is today, and soon industry that it is today, and soon advertisers took advantage of new roadways advertisers took advantage of new roadways by setting up huge billboards at their sides. by setting up huge billboards at their sides.

Both the automobile and a bizarre billboard Both the automobile and a bizarre billboard play important roles in play important roles in The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby..

Characters of Characters of The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

Jay Gatsby- The self-made wealthy Jay Gatsby- The self-made wealthy man who lives next door to Nick man who lives next door to Nick Carraway and loves Daisy BuchananCarraway and loves Daisy Buchanan

Characters of Characters of The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

Nick Carraway- the narrator, Daisy’s Nick Carraway- the narrator, Daisy’s cousin, Gatsby’s neighborcousin, Gatsby’s neighbor

Characters in Characters in The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

Daisy Buchanan- married to Tom, Daisy Buchanan- married to Tom, Gatsby’s love interest before the Gatsby’s love interest before the war, socialitewar, socialite

Characters in Characters in The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

Tom Buchanan- Daisy’s husband, has Tom Buchanan- Daisy’s husband, has an affair with Myrtlean affair with Myrtle

Myrtle Wilson- Tom’s woman in the Myrtle Wilson- Tom’s woman in the city, married to Georgecity, married to George

George Wilson- owns the gas stationGeorge Wilson- owns the gas station Jordan Baker- Daisy’s friend, Jordan Baker- Daisy’s friend,

professional golfer professional golfer

Settings in Settings in The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

West Egg- where West Egg- where Nick and Gatsby Nick and Gatsby live, represents live, represents new moneynew money

East Egg- where East Egg- where Daisy lives, the Daisy lives, the more fashionable more fashionable area, represents area, represents old moneyold money

Settings in Settings in The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

The City- New York City, where the The City- New York City, where the characters escape to for work and characters escape to for work and play play

The Valley of Ashes- between the The Valley of Ashes- between the City and West Egg, where Wilson’sCity and West Egg, where Wilson’s

gas station isgas station is

Symbols in Symbols in The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

Green Light- at the end of Daisy’s Green Light- at the end of Daisy’s dock and visible from Gatsby’s dock and visible from Gatsby’s mansion. Represents Gatsby's hopes mansion. Represents Gatsby's hopes and dreams about Daisy.and dreams about Daisy.

Symbols in Symbols in The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

The Valley of Ashes- the area The Valley of Ashes- the area between West Egg and New York between West Egg and New York City. It is a desolate area filled with City. It is a desolate area filled with industrial waste. It represents the industrial waste. It represents the social and moral decay of society social and moral decay of society during the 1920’s. It also shows the during the 1920’s. It also shows the negative effects of greed.negative effects of greed.

Symbols in Symbols in The Great The Great GatsbyGatsby

The Eyes of Dr. T. J. Ekleburg- A The Eyes of Dr. T. J. Ekleburg- A decaying billboard in the Valley of decaying billboard in the Valley of Ashes with eyes advertising an Ashes with eyes advertising an optometrist. There are multiple optometrist. There are multiple proposed meanings, including the proposed meanings, including the representation of God’s moral representation of God’s moral judgment on society.judgment on society.

Important QuotesImportant Quotes

““I hope she’ll be a fool- that’s the I hope she’ll be a fool- that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.”a beautiful little fool.”

Daisy’s description of her daughterDaisy’s description of her daughter ““So we beat on, boats against the So we beat on, boats against the

current, borne back ceaselessly into current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.” –the last line of the novelthe past.” –the last line of the novel

Important QuotesImportant Quotes "They were careless people, Tom and "They were careless people, Tom and

Daisy- they smashed up things and Daisy- they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast into their money or their vast carelessness or whatever it was that carelessness or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had people clean up the mess they had made." – Nick’s description of Tom made." – Nick’s description of Tom and Daisyand Daisy

The American DreamThe American Dream Gatsby is the ideal Gatsby is the ideal

image of one who has image of one who has achieved the American achieved the American Dream.Dream.

What is the American What is the American Dream and who has Dream and who has achieved it in our time?achieved it in our time?

Choose one person on Choose one person on the next slide and the next slide and explain how they are explain how they are living the American living the American Dream.Dream.

American Dream Cont.American Dream Cont.

Lebron JamesLebron James Kim K.Kim K. Tyler PerryTyler Perry

Oprah WinfreyOprah Winfrey Bill Clinton Bill Clinton Mark Zuckerburg Mark Zuckerburg

Old Money Vs. New Old Money Vs. New MoneyMoney

New Money:New Money: Someone who has Someone who has

achieved the achieved the American DreamAmerican Dream

Not as respected Not as respected in the 1920’sin the 1920’s

Old MoneyOld Money Money from family Money from family

wealthwealth Born richBorn rich Not earned Not earned

through work done through work done by yourselfby yourself

Respected above Respected above all in the 1920’sall in the 1920’s