S

S software D defined R radio

F6ITU & Bruno.KEROUANTON.net

March 22, 2013

PalExpo - Geneva

A short introduction to radio, electronics and XXI century HAM

tartiflette rulez

He and I

S Bruno KEROUANTON

S Head of IT Security (CISO)

S Former {geek && demomaker}

S http://éé.net

S F6ITU a.k.a Marc OLANIÉ

S IT journalist ; former geek

Radio Amateur, HF guru ;)

S http://f6itu.wordpress.com

S http://www.cnis-mag.com

Concerned with Drone Spoofing ?

A short warning notice !...

Radio

Regulatory authorities (if your need a license or info)

S Switzerland : Office Fédéral des Communications (OFCOM)

S France : Agence Nationale des Fréquences (ANFR) + ART

S

Let’s start with a Quiz !

Watizit ? (Keskecé ?)

Quiz #1 Let’s zoom a bit

(It’s no watercooling, folks)

S

From traditional radio…

* (by the way, visit & support !)

*

S

From traditional radio…

…to SDR

* (by the way, visit & support !)

*

lana-sator.livejournal.com

Radio «old-school»

S Small portable radio receiver

S Modes : FM, AM, SSB

S Ranges : FM, LW, MW, SW

S Very good, but…

«Obsolete technology»

40 years old… at least !

The Genesis…(on my blog)

(some) advantages of SDR

Source (National Instruments)

S

A bit of signal theory…

E. Ducretet & L. Levy version 1900

(Traditional Radio)

E. Ducretet & L. Levy version 2013

(Software Defined Radio)

Very important theory, part 1 Joseph Fourier (1768-1830)

S Any complex signal is «just» a sum of sinusoids

S Easy to compose or decompose a complex signal

S FFT is the «fast» implementation… so useful !!!

Very important theory, part 2 What can define a signal ?

S A signal is defined by Frequency, Amplitude and Phase

Fourier (FFT) Strength Time shift

Measuring all 3 at the same time ? Use I and Q !

The 6 fundamental components of a SDR

Antenna PLL+DDS FPGA

Tayloe mixer

ADC/DAC Software

Antenna Those electrosmog attracters…

S Antennas are a tradeoff for

signal/quality bandwith

S The better the antenna, the

better the reception

S Choose antenna according

to frequency to receive

S Gain up to 30dBi

DDS Direct Digital Synthesis

DEC START INC POINTER ; Increase the text pointer LDA #7 STA COUNTER ; Initialize X-scroll OUT JMP $EA7E ; Return from interrupt ; Hardcoded sin table SIN BYT 0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,32 BYT 35,38,40,42,45,47,49,51,53,54 BYT 56,57,59,60,61,62,62,63,63,63 SCROLL SCR "HAPPY INSOMNIHACK 2013 !"

FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array

S Performance Fast and efficient

S > 30/50 Msamples/s

up to 150 !

S Mainly used for Digital Down Converter (DDC)

Tayloe Mixer Getting I and Q

S Phase shifting : Getting a quadrature signal is the fundamental concept of SDR !

In phase

Quadrature

ADC / DAC Analog-to-Digital Converter

S ADC : To input (receive) the signal

S DAC : To output (transmit) the signal

SDR Software

S RX (Receive) : Direct input from the sound card (I and Q)

S TX (Transmit) : Direct output to the sound card (I and Q)

Software can then get amplitude, frequency and phase…

- Display the waterfall spectrum

- Focus on any frequency range

- Decode it (FM, AM, SSB, CW, …)

- Or encode it (to transmit)

S

Some SDR Hardware

USRP

S The first “public” SDR (Army did it in the 70’s 80’s !)

S Ettus Research (acquired by National Instruments)

S Professional, but quite expensive !

Rhode+Schwarz vs RTL2832u

S What should I choose ?

Rhode+Schwarz vs RTL2832u

$ 45’000 $ 7 Extensive Training needed Plug-n-play

(high frequency range & bandwith) (less reliable… but still OK !)

eBay : find anything !

Homemade SDR

The best

compromise !

S

Some SDR software

First, Zadig ! Windows driver for RTL2832U…

S OpenSource generic USB Driver

S Needed to operate the RTL2832U

S Good info http://rtlsdr.org/softwarewindows

S Get latest version (automated downloader/installer) at

S http://sdrsharp.com/downloads/sdr-install.zip

Then, SDR# (or SDR Sharp, as you like)

Listening to radio

with HDSDR

Another one :

Spectrum Lab

S Lots of functions, bells and whistles… a bit too much !

Decoding «anything»

with MultiPSK

S Powerful, and lots of protocols implemented…

S Very poor/weird interface… good luck !

S … and unfortunately shareware ;(

Watching planes with ADSB# and ADSBScope

S ADSB# (receiver) +

ADSBScope (display)

ADSB – «playback»

ADSB – «playback»

ADSB – «playback»

Hacking everything

with GNUradio

S The «ultimate lab» tool

S Swiss knife of experimentation

S Too complicated for beginners

S USRP highly recommended… ;(

Extending open research

with OSMOCOM

S Open project, based on GNURadio

S Open implementation of popular radio protocols

GSM TETRA

GMR APCO25

DECT and many others !

Build your own home-made GSM infrastructure !

Towards the intelligent radio a full fledged SDR network

Cognitive networks

S End-to end hardware homogeneity

S End-to-end protocol homogeneity

S Self-adaptating SDR network

S Any node can be a SPOF

S

SDR in practice Ready for a demo ?

S

Answer to the Quiz Watwazit ? (Cétékoi ?)

Some URLs

S Software S Zadig + SDR# rtlsdr.org/softwarewindows and sdrsharp.org

S HDSDR www.hdsdr.de

S Spectrum Lab www.qsl.net/d/dl4yhf

S ADSB# sdrsharp.org

S ADSB Scope www.sprut.de

S GnuRadio gnuradio.org

S Osmocom osmocom.org

S Hardware S RTL2832U realtek.com.tw (and ebay.com)

S USRP ettus.com

S

Thanks for listening ;) And have a nice evening too !

Bruno http:// éé . net

Marc http:// f6itu . wordpress . com