fall prevention

7/17/2019 Fall Prevention

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PREVENTION OF FALL FATALITIES ANDPREVENTION OF FALL FATALITIES AND

INJURIES IN CONSTRUCTIONINJURIES IN CONSTRUCTION

INSERT SPEAKER NAME, TITLE, AND

ORGANIZATION INFORMATION


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OverviewOverview

OSHA Alliance ProgramOSHA Alliance Program

OSHA Alliance Program Construction RoundtableOSHA Alliance Program Construction Roundtable

U.S. Construction Accident and Fall StatisticsU.S. Construction Accident and Fall Statistics

Safe PracticesSafe Practices

ResourcesResources

SummarySummary

*!roug! t!e OSHA Alliance Program" t!is #resentation was develo#ed by

members of t!e Alliance Program Construction Roundtable for informational

#ur#oses only. $t does not necessarily reflect t!e official views of OSHA or t!e

U.S. %e#artment of &abor . 'Se#tember ())+


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Alliance ProgramAlliance Program

OSHA and t!e #artici#ating organi,ationsOSHA and t!e #artici#ating organi,ationsdefine" im#lement" and meet a set ofdefine" im#lement" and meet a set of

s!ort- and long-term goals t!at falls!ort- and long-term goals t!at fallinto t!ree categories into t!ree categories

/ raining and educationraining and education

/ Outreac! and communicationOutreac! and communication/ Promoting t!e national dialoguePromoting t!e national dialogue

on safety and !ealt! on safety and !ealt!

S!aring tec!nical e0#ertise"S!aring tec!nical e0#ertise"develo#ing and disseminatingdevelo#ing and disseminating

com#liance assistance #roductscom#liance assistance #roductswit! #artici#ants wit! #artici#ants

Provides OSHA access to millionsProvides OSHA access to millions

of em#loyers and em#loyeesof em#loyers and em#loyees

John R. Miller, President, SIA.; Edwin G. Foulke,

Jr., Assistant Secretary, US!"#!S$A; and

Richard J. Marshall, then#E%ecuti&e 'ice

President, SIA; si(n a national Alliance

a(ree)ent on Fe*ruary +, +--


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OSHA Alliance ProgramOSHA Alliance Program

Construction RoundtableConstruction Roundtable

Pur#ose of Alliance RoundtablePur#ose of Alliance Roundtable

Success of Alliance Program ConstructionSuccess of Alliance Program Construction

RoundtableRoundtable

Fall Protection 1or2grou#Fall Protection 1or2grou#

%esign for Safety '%fS+ 1or2grou#%esign for Safety '%fS+ 1or2grou#

PresentationsPresentations


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OSHA Alliance Program ConstructionOSHA Alliance Program Construction

Roundtable 3embersRoundtable 3embers

American $ndustrial Hygiene AssociationAmerican $ndustrial Hygiene Association American Society of Safety 4ngineersAmerican Society of Safety 4ngineers Concrete Sawing and %rilling AssociationConcrete Sawing and %rilling Association Construction $nstitute-American Society of Civil 4ngineersConstruction $nstitute-American Society of Civil 4ngineers $nde#endent 4lectrical Contractors$nde#endent 4lectrical Contractors &aborers5 Healt! and Safety Fund of 6ort! America&aborers5 Healt! and Safety Fund of 6ort! America 6ational Association of Home 7uilders6ational Association of Home 7uilders 6ational $nstitute for Occu#ational Safety and Healt!6ational $nstitute for Occu#ational Safety and Healt!

Sealant 1ater#roofing and Restoration $nstituteSealant 1ater#roofing and Restoration $nstitute 6ational Safety Council6ational Safety Council Sealant 1ater#roofing and Restoration $nstituteSealant 1ater#roofing and Restoration $nstitute 1as!ington %ivision of URS Cor#oration1as!ington %ivision of URS Cor#oration


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Alliance Program ConstructionAlliance Program Construction

Roundtable ProductsRoundtable Products

%esign for Safety 1or2grou#%esign for Safety 1or2grou# %esign for Construction Safety 1eb site%esign for Construction Safety 1eb site

88$ntroduction to %esigning for$ntroduction to %esigning forConstruction Safety9 #resentationConstruction Safety9 #resentation

%esign for Construction Safety%esign for Construction Safety( : ; Hour Course( : ; Hour Course 1as!ington %ivision of URS1as!ington %ivision of URS

Case Study"Case Study"


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Screen 2a3ture o/ esi(n /or 2onstruction Sa/ety 4e* site

%esign for Construction Safety 1eb Site%esign for Construction Safety 1eb Site


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Screen 2a3ture o/ !S$A5s Alliance Pro(ra)

2onstruction Roundta*le 4e* Pa(e

Alliance Program Construction RoundtableAlliance Program Construction Roundtable


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U.S. Construction Accident StatisticsU.S. Construction Accident Statistics??

6early ())"))) serious in@uries and ?"(( deat!s eac!6early ())"))) serious in@uries and ?"(( deat!s eac!yearyear

B.B of wor2force but (?.B of fatalitiesB.B of wor2force but (?.B of fatalities

Construction !as one of t!e !ig!est fatality rates of anyConstruction !as one of t!e !ig!est fatality rates of anyindustry sectorindustry sector

S$=6$F$CA6C4 64AR&D ?)) %4AHS P4R 3O6HS$=6$F$CA6C4 64AR&D ?)) %4AHS P4R 3O6H

??7ureau of &abor Statistics-())7ureau of &abor Statistics-())


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U.S. Construction Fall Fatality StatisticsU.S. Construction Fall Fatality Statistics??

Total FallsTotal Falls ;EE;EE

From roof edge >;From roof edge >;

From scaffold" staging >)From scaffold" staging >)

From ladders From ladders

o lower level ;o lower level ;

!roug! floor o#ening" floor surface"!roug! floor o#ening" floor surface"

ground to lower level E?ground to lower level E?

From structural steel (;From structural steel (;

!roug! s2ylig!t (E!roug! s2ylig!t (E

From non-moving ve!icle ((From non-moving ve!icle (( !roug! roof surface" roof o#ening ()!roug! roof surface" roof o#ening ()

??7ureau of &abor Statistics-())7ureau of &abor Statistics-())


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=ood body reactiontime ).B seconds

ravel distance in

).B seconds ; feet

$n ? second your bodywill fall ? feet

Fall S#eed vs. Reaction imeFall S#eed vs. Reaction ime

7y t!e time you react your body will be

; feet below w!ere you were standing


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1!en %o Dou 6eed Fall ProtectionG1!en %o Dou 6eed Fall ProtectionG

OSHA5s Regulation ( CFR ?(.B)? 'b+ under Sub#art 3OSHA5s Regulation ( CFR ?(.B)? 'b+ under Sub#art 3

reIuires fall #rotection w!erever t!e #otential to fall si0 feetreIuires fall #rotection w!erever t!e #otential to fall si0 feetor more e0ists.or more e0ists.

Fall #rotection is reIuired w!en you areFall #rotection is reIuired w!en you are

/ 6ear an un#rotected roof edgeJ6ear an un#rotected roof edgeJ

/ 1or2ing in a unguarded me,,anine and balcony edgesJ1or2ing in a unguarded me,,anine and balcony edgesJ


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1!en %o Dou 6eed Fall ProtectionG1!en %o Dou 6eed Fall ProtectionG

Fall #rotection is also reIuired in t!e followingFall #rotection is also reIuired in t!e followinglocationslocations

/ 1or2ing off aerial liftJ1or2ing off aerial liftJ

/ Unguarded scaffolding ?) feet or !ig!erUnguarded scaffolding ?) feet or !ig!er


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Reducing Fall Fatalities and $n@uriesReducing Fall Fatalities and $n@uries

Design Po!essionalsDesign Po!essionals: %esign Professionals5 need to be: %esign Professionals5 need to becogni,ant to design wit! !ealt! and safety in mind. %esigncogni,ant to design wit! !ealt! and safety in mind. %esign#ermanent building features so t!at fall #rotection is not#ermanent building features so t!at fall #rotection is notneeded. !is eliminates t!e c!ance of an accident if fallneeded. !is eliminates t!e c!ance of an accident if fall#rotection is not #rovided" #rovided but not used" or not#rotection is not #rovided" #rovided but not used" or not

used #ro#erlyused #ro#erly Conta"tosConta"tos: $t is t!e contractor5s res#onsibility to enforce: $t is t!e contractor5s res#onsibility to enforce

com#liance wit! safety #ractices wit! regard to ladders"com#liance wit! safety #ractices wit! regard to ladders"scaffolds" and instances w!ere fall #rotection is necessaryscaffolds" and instances w!ere fall #rotection is necessary

#o$es#o$es: $t is t!e wor2er5s res#onsibility to a##ly t!e: $t is t!e wor2er5s res#onsibility to a##ly t!esafety #ractices wit! regard to ladders" scaffolds" andsafety #ractices wit! regard to ladders" scaffolds" andinstances w!ere fall #rotection is necessaryinstances w!ere fall #rotection is necessary


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y#es of Fall Prevention andy#es of Fall Prevention and

Protection SystemsProtection Systems

Passi%e S&ste'sPassi%e S&ste's#revent falls by #lacing a#revent falls by #lacing a

#!ysical barrier between t!e wor2er and t!e#!ysical barrier between t!e wor2er and t!e

!a,ard 'e.g. guardrails+.!a,ard 'e.g. guardrails+.

A"ti%e S&ste'sA"ti%e S&ste's#rotect wor2ers by limiting t!e#rotect wor2ers by limiting t!e

fall to a s#ecified distance and also limit t!efall to a s#ecified distance and also limit t!e

amount of force t!e wor2er is sub@ected to in t!eamount of force t!e wor2er is sub@ected to in t!eevent of a fall 'e.g. #ersonal fall arrest systems+.event of a fall 'e.g. #ersonal fall arrest systems+.


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A Personal Fall-Arrest SystemA Personal Fall-Arrest Systemis a system used to arrest anis a system used to arrest anem#loyee in a fall from aem#loyee in a fall from awor2ing level.wor2ing level.

Any #erson ordered to wor2Any #erson ordered to wor2wit! at !eig!t w!o !as anwit! at !eig!t w!o !as anincrease ris2 of falling off ofincrease ris2 of falling off ofstructuresKbuildings s!ouldstructuresKbuildings s!ouldwear a #ersonal fall arrestwear a #ersonal fall arrest

system.system.

Personal Fall-Arrest SystemsPersonal Fall-Arrest Systems


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Personal Fall-Arrest Systems" w!enPersonal Fall-Arrest Systems" w!en

sto##ing a fall s!all be rigged suc! t!atsto##ing a fall s!all be rigged suc! t!at

a wor2er can neit!er free fall more t!ana wor2er can neit!er free fall more t!an

si0 feet" nor contact any lower level.si0 feet" nor contact any lower level.

3ust !ave a minimum brea2ing strengt!3ust !ave a minimum brea2ing strengt!

of B"))) #ounds.of B"))) #ounds.


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A #ersonal fall-arrest system s!all consist of t!e followingA #ersonal fall-arrest system s!all consist of t!e following

Anc!orage #oints" Full body !arness" S!oc2 Absorbing &anyard"Anc!orage #oints" Full body !arness" S!oc2 Absorbing &anyard"

&ifeline" Ro#e-grabs" Connectors&ifeline" Ro#e-grabs" Connectors

All com#onents of t!e fall arrest system s!all be fully com#atible.All com#onents of t!e fall arrest system s!all be fully com#atible.


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Full 7ody HarnessFull 7ody Harness

3ust be t!e rig!t si,e for you.3ust be t!e rig!t si,e for you.

!e attac!ment #oint of a body!e attac!ment #oint of a body

!arness s!all be located on t!e!arness s!all be located on t!e Rear %-ring between s!oulders w!en wor2ing from aRear %-ring between s!oulders w!en wor2ing from a

sus#ended scaffold or an aerial lift Front %-ring w!ensus#ended scaffold or an aerial lift Front %-ring w!enwor2ing from a bosun5s c!air.wor2ing from a bosun5s c!air.

HarnessHarness mustmustbe ad@usted snugly startingbe ad@usted snugly startingwit! leg stra#s" t!en waist" s!oulders andwit! leg stra#s" t!en waist" s!oulders andc!est.c!est.


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&anyards&anyards

Used to connect a body !arnessUsed to connect a body !arness

to a lifeline" ro#e-grab" orto a lifeline" ro#e-grab" or

anc!orage #oint.anc!orage #oint.

S!all be t!e a##ro#riate lengt!S!all be t!e a##ro#riate lengt!

L 7osun5s c!air : ( feet or less7osun5s c!air : ( feet or lessL Sus#ended scaffold : E to ; feetSus#ended scaffold : E to ; feetL Aerial lift : ; to feetAerial lift : ; to feet

Attac! toAttac! toL Rear %-ring on !arness between s!ouldersRear %-ring on !arness between s!oulders

w!en wor2ing on sus#ended scaffolds andw!en wor2ing on sus#ended scaffolds and aerial lifts.aerial lifts.L Front %-ring w!en wor2ing from a bosun5s c!air.Front %-ring w!en wor2ing from a bosun5s c!air.

7e #rotected against being cut or abraded.7e #rotected against being cut or abraded.


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&ifelines&ifelines

Mertical - connected to an anc!orage at one end to !angMertical - connected to an anc!orage at one end to !ang

vertically.vertically. Hori,ontal - connected to anc!orages at bot! ends toHori,ontal - connected to anc!orages at bot! ends to

stretc! !ori,ontally.stretc! !ori,ontally.


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&ifelines&ifelines

Are used as a means of connecting ot!er com#onents ofAre used as a means of connecting ot!er com#onents ofa Personal Fall-Arrest System.a Personal Fall-Arrest System.

S!all be #rotected from contact wit! any surface t!atS!all be #rotected from contact wit! any surface t!atmay abrade" wea2en" damage or sever it.may abrade" wea2en" damage or sever it.

S!all be removed from service as recommended by t!eS!all be removed from service as recommended by t!emanufacturer.manufacturer.


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Falls From Roof 4dgeFalls From Roof 4dge


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Falls From Roof 4dge-S#ecify Para#etsFalls From Roof 4dge-S#ecify Para#ets

$7C #aragra#! >);.??.?$7C #aragra#! >);.??.?reIuires t!at a #ara#et wall bereIuires t!at a #ara#et wall beat least E) inc!es !ig!at least E) inc!es !ig!

OSHA ?( Sub#art 3 reIuiresOSHA ?( Sub#art 3 reIuiresa E-;B inc! guardrail or ot!era E-;B inc! guardrail or ot!erfall #rotectionfall #rotection

$f t!e design #rofessional$f t!e design #rofessional

s#ecifies a E-;B inc! !ig!s#ecifies a E-;B inc! !ig!#ara#et wall" fall #rotection#ara#et wall" fall #rotectionwould not be reIuiredwould not be reIuired


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Falls From Roof 4dgeFalls From Roof 4dge

Ot!er features t!at %esign Professionals s!ouldconsider

&ocate mec!anical eIui#ment away from t!e roof edge

or on t!e ground


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%esign Permanent Anc!orage Points%esign Permanent Anc!orage Points

%esign Professionals can

design fi0ed anc!orage #ointsso t!at wor2ers will !ave a

convenient" safe #oint to tie off

w!en #ersonal fall arrest

systems are needed.


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%esign of Anc!orage Points%esign of Anc!orage Points

AnAn an"(oagean"(oageis a secure #oint of attac!ment for lifelinesis a secure #oint of attac!ment for lifelineslanyards or deceleration devicesJlanyards or deceleration devicesJ

3ust be inde#endent of any anc!orage being used for3ust be inde#endent of any anc!orage being used foreIui#ment tiebac2sJeIui#ment tiebac2sJ

3ust be inde#endent of t!e means of3ust be inde#endent of t!e means ofsu##orting or sus#ending t!e wor2erJsu##orting or sus#ending t!e wor2erJ

3ust be ca#able of su##orting at3ust be ca#able of su##orting atleast B"))) #ounds #er wor2erJleast B"))) #ounds #er wor2erJ

Sound anc!orages include certifiedSound anc!orages include certified roof anc!ors as well as structuralroof anc!ors as well as structural

members.members.


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%esign Permanent Anc!orage Points%esign Permanent Anc!orage Points

Residential Fall ProtectionResidential Fall Protection


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Falls From ScaffoldsKStagingFalls From ScaffoldsKStaging


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Falls From ScaffoldsKStagingFalls From ScaffoldsKStaging

Scaffolds s!all be fullyScaffolds s!all be fully

#lan2ed#lan2ed

Scaffolds s!all !aveScaffolds s!all !aveguardrails or #ersonal fallguardrails or #ersonal fall

arrest systemsarrest systems

Scaffolds s!all !ave a safeScaffolds s!all !ave a safemeans of accessmeans of access


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Falls From Aerial &ifting %evicesFalls From Aerial &ifting %evices


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Falls From &addersFalls From &adders


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Falls From &adders-S#ecify Fi0edFalls From &adders-S#ecify Fi0ed

&adders or Stairways&adders or Stairways

S#ecify fi0ed ladders or

stairways w!enever #ossible


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Falls From &addersFalls From &adders

Position #ortable ladders to t!e sidePosition #ortable ladders to t!e side

rails to e0tend at least E feet aboverails to e0tend at least E feet above

t!e landingt!e landing

Secure side rails at to# or use aSecure side rails at to# or use a

grab device w!en E foot e0tensiongrab device w!en E foot e0tension

is not #ossibleis not #ossible

Use 8E-#oint9 contact ruleUse 8E-#oint9 contact rule

Position base of ladder one footPosition base of ladder one foot

away from wall for every four feet ofaway from wall for every four feet of

ladder lengt!ladder lengt!


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Falls From Heig!tFalls From Heig!t


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Falls From Heig!t-S#ecify E-;BFalls From Heig!t-S#ecify E-;B

$nc! Hig! 1indow Sills$nc! Hig! 1indow Sills


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Falls From Heig!t-S#ecify Pre-FabricationFalls From Heig!t-S#ecify Pre-Fabrication

7uilding Com#onents7uilding Com#onents

Steel Stairs

Concrete 1all

Panels

Concrete Segmented 7ridge


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Falls From Heig!t-S#ecifyFalls From Heig!t-S#ecify

Pre-Fabricated Steelwor2Pre-Fabricated Steelwor2??

? www.safetyindesign.org? www.safetyindesign.org


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Falls From Heig!t-S#ecifyFalls From Heig!t-S#ecify

Pre-Fabricated Service RisersPre-Fabricated Service Risers??

??www.safetyindesign.orgwww.safetyindesign.org


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Falls from Floor O#eningsFalls from Floor O#enings

I'.o.el&

Co%ee+


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Falls From Floor O#enings-=uardrailsFalls From Floor O#enings-=uardrails

Perimeter guarding s!all consist of a mid-rail" to# rail" toe-Perimeter guarding s!all consist of a mid-rail" to# rail" toe-board system. !e to# edge !eig!t of t!e rail s!all beboard system. !e to# edge !eig!t of t!e rail s!all be

;(NK-E inc!es and t!e mid-rail s!ould be between t!e to#;(NK-E inc!es and t!e mid-rail s!ould be between t!e to#and t!e wal2ingKwor2ing level.and t!e wal2ingKwor2ing level.


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Falls From Floor O#enings-S#ecifyFalls From Floor O#enings-S#ecify

Cast-in Soc2ets For RailingsCast-in Soc2ets For Railings??

??www.safetyindesign.orgwww.safetyindesign.org


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Falls From Floor O#eningsFalls From Floor O#enings

Contractor canContractor can

$nstall tem#orary guardrails for tem#orary$nstall tem#orary guardrails for tem#orary

floor o#eningsfloor o#enings $nstall a cover for tem#orary floor$nstall a cover for tem#orary floor

o#enings and !oleso#enings and !oles


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Falls From Structural SteelFalls From Structural Steel



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Avoid !anging connectionsJAvoid !anging connectionsJ

design to bear on columnsdesign to bear on columnsinstead using safety seatsinstead using safety seats

ReIuire !oles in columns for tieReIuire !oles in columns for tielines (?9 and ;(9 above eac!lines (?9 and ;(9 above eac!

floor slabfloor slab S#ecify s!o# welded connectionsS#ecify s!o# welded connections

instead of bolts or field welds toinstead of bolts or field welds toavoid dangerous #ositions duringavoid dangerous #ositions duringerectionerection

Consider a##ro0imateConsider a##ro0imatedimensions of connection tools todimensions of connection tools to#revent #inc!es or aw2ward#revent #inc!es or aw2wardassembliesassemblies6ational $nstitute of Steel %etailing and Steel 4rectors6ational $nstitute of Steel %etailing and Steel 4rectors

Association of America.Association of America. Detailing Guide for theDetailing Guide for theEnhancement of Erection Safety.Enhancement of Erection Safety. ())?())?


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Falls !roug! S2ylig!tsFalls !roug! S2ylig!ts


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Falls !roug! S2ylig!ts-S#ecify =uardsFalls !roug! S2ylig!ts-S#ecify =uards


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Falls !roug! Roof SurfaceKRoof O#eningFalls !roug! Roof SurfaceKRoof O#ening

Provide %edicated 1al2ways to AccessProvide %edicated 1al2ways to Access

4Iui#ment on Roof4Iui#ment on Roof

%esign roof structure so t!at it can carry%esign roof structure so t!at it can carry

stac2s of roofing materialsstac2s of roofing materials

Hig!lig!t !a,ardous and 8no-wal29 areas wit!Hig!lig!t !a,ardous and 8no-wal29 areas wit!red !ig!lig!ting #aint or ot!er visualred !ig!lig!ting #aint or ot!er visual

warnings.warnings.


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Falls From 6on-3oving Me!iclesFalls From 6on-3oving Me!icles


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Falls From 6on-3oving Me!icles-Falls From 6on-3oving Me!icles-

railer Access Platformrailer Access Platform

? www.safetyindesign.org? www.safetyindesign.org


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Fall Prevention ResourcesFall Prevention Resources

OS/AOS/A

Alliance Program Construction Roundtable 1eb PageAlliance Program Construction Roundtable 1eb Page

!tt#KKwww.os!a.govKdcs#KalliancesKroundtablesKroundtablesconstruction.!tml!tt#KKwww.os!a.govKdcs#KalliancesKroundtablesKroundtablesconstruction.!tml

Fall Protection Safety and Healt! o#ics PageFall Protection Safety and Healt! o#ics Page

!tt#KKwww.os!a.govKS&CKfall#rotectionKinde0.!tml!tt#KKwww.os!a.govKS&CKfall#rotectionKinde0.!tml

OSHA5s Construction Poc2et =uideOSHA5s Construction Poc2et =uide!tt#KKwww.os!a.govKPublicationsKOSHAE(B(KE(B(.!tml!tt#KKwww.os!a.govKPublicationsKOSHAE(B(KE(B(.!tml

Ot(eOt(e

%esign for Construction Safety 1eb Site%esign for Construction Safety 1eb Site

!tt#KKwww.designforconstructionsafety.org!tt#KKwww.designforconstructionsafety.org 6$OSH Prevention !roug! %esign 1eb Page6$OSH Prevention !roug! %esign 1eb Page

!tt#KKwww.cdc.govKnios!Kto#icsKP%!tt#KKwww.cdc.govKnios!Kto#icsKP%

Safety in %esignSafety in %esign

Picture of OSHA's

Construction Pocket Guide

fall prevention

Documents

e osha alliance program

fallinto t

e national dialoguepromoting

safety fund

ose of alliance roundtablepur

longterm goals t

e national dialogueon

ed bymembers of t