fcat science vocabulary set 1

8/8/2019 FCAT Science Vocabulary SET 1

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FCAT Science Vocabulary


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Science Vocab Quiz Set 1

60 words total


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An environmental factor not associated

with living organism. Example rocks , air

, sun and weather

Abiotic


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Rate of change in velocity, usually

expressed in m/s2

Acceleration


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A substance that increases the H+ (positiveion) concentration when added to a water

solution.

*Taste Sour*Turns blue litmus paper red.

Acid


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Amount of energy required to start aparticular chemical reaction.

Activation Energy


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A particular development, behavior, or physiologicalchange in a population of organisms, in response to

changes in the environment.

Adaptation


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Any alternate form of a gene that an

organism may have for a particular trait.

Allele


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An organic molecules that makes up

proteins.* there are 20 of them.

Amino Acids


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In any periodic function (e.g., a wave)

the distance betweenthe position of rest and the highest

point of a wave.

Amplitude

* The amplitude is the power of a signal. The greater the amplitude, the

greater the energy carried.


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A solution containing water.

Aqueous


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New identical individuals are formed

without the involvement of

gametes.

*Budding

*

Asexual Reproduction


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The average distance from Earth to theSun, approximately

150 million kilometers or

(93 million miles)

Astronomical Unit


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The layers of gas that surround Earth, other

planets, or stars

Atmosphere


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The smallest unit of matter

Atom


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A substance that increases the OH-

concentration of a solution; a proton

acceptor.* make your hands feel slippery.

* turns red litmus paper blue.

Base


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The existence of different species in a given area or specific period of time.

Biodiversity


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A community characterized by theinteraction of living organisms and climate

factors.

Biome


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Factors in an

environment

relating to

livingorganisms.

Biotic


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Unit of energy; the amountof heat needed to raise one

gram of water one degree

Celsius at standardatmospheric pressure.

Calorie


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Animal or plant that consume orobtains nutrients from animals.

*meat-eater

Carnivore


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A substance that speeds up or

slows down the rate of a reaction.* the substance is not used up.

Catalyst


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The motion pushing away

from center or axis.

Centrifugal Force


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Centripetal Force

The force on an object toward the center of the circle.


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Change of StateA.K.A Phase change.


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A change in a substance that results in

producing a different

chemical.*Rusty Nail

Chemical Change


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The breakdown of rocks as a result of

chemical processes.*Acid Rain

Chemical Weathering


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Connection of electrical elements forming

a complete path forthe flow of current.

Circuit


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All the populations

belonging to different

species and sharingthe same area.

Community


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A substance made up of at least two

different elements held together bychemical bonds.

Compound


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The process ofchanging from

a gas to a

liquid.

Condensation

How Rain Forms.


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Direct heating; the

transmission of heat

through a medium and

without the motion of the

medium.

Conduction

OUCH !


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A fundamental principle stating energycannot be created or destroyed but only

change form.

*The 1st Law of Thermodynamics.

Conservation of Energy


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The principle that mass cannot be

created or destroyed.

Conservation of Mass


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An organism that feeds on anotherorganism for food.

* Heterotroph

Consumer


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Heat transfer in a gas or liquid by the circulation of currents from

one region to another.

Convection


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Area where two tectonic plates collide.

Convergent Boundary


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A chemical link between two atoms of the

same or differentelements in which each atom shares an

electron.

Covalent Bond


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The peak or highest point on a wave.

Crest

A


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Outermost layer of

Earth covering themantle.

* lithosphere

Crust


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Any organism that feeds or obtains nutrients by

breaking down organic matter from deadorganisms.

Decomposer


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Concentration of matter of an object; number ofindividual in the same species that live in a

given area; the mass per unit volume of a

substance in a given area.

* D=M/V

Density


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Factor being measured or

observed in an experiment.

Dependent Variable/Responding Variable


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Layering matter in a natural process.

Deposition


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The bending of a wave around anobstruction.

Diffraction


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A nuclei acid that carries genetic

material; present in all

cellular organisms.* Located on chromosomes in the nucleus.

DNA


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Tendency of certain alleles to mask the

expression of their

corresponding alleles.*The trait that is expressed.

* Upper Case

D

ominance


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Shaking of the ground caused by a suddenrelease of energy in the crust.

Earthquake


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An ecological community, together with its

environment, functioning as a unit.

Ecosystem


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Consisting of a coil of wire wrapped around a

core; becomesstrongly magnetized when current flows

through the coil producing a magnetic field.

Electromagnet


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The emission of the entire range of

electromagnetic spectrum including: gammarays, x-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light,

microwaves, and radio waves.

Electromagnetic Radiation


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Generated by the oscillation of a charged

particle and characterized by periodic variations

of electric and magnetic fields.

Electromagnetic Waves


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A stable elementary particle that is

negatively charged andorbits the nucleus of an atom.

Electron


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A substance that cannot be reduced

by chemical means.

Element


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Diagram that compares the amount of energy

available at each position, or level, in the

feeding order.

Energy Pyramid


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A change of energy from one form to another

(e.g., mechanical to electrical, solar to

electrical).

Energy Transfer


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A measure of randomness or disorder

of a closed system.

Entropy


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Environment

The sum of conditions affecting an organism, including all

living and nonliving things in an area, such as plants,

animal, water, soil, weather, land forms, and air.


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fcat science vocabulary set 1

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