fear of revolutionary ideas when louis xvi was executed during the french revolution, other european...
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Fear of Revolutionary IdeasWhen Louis XVI was executed
during the French Revolution, other European kings were afraid that these ideas would lead to revolutions in their countries
Prussia, Spain, England, Sweden, Austria formed the First CoalitionFirst Coalition & went to war with France to bring the Bourbon Dynasty back & end the French Revolution
Napoleon BonaparteNapoleon Bonaparte
was a popular soldier in the French military who supported the republic
In 1796, the leaders of the French republic gave Napoleon command of the army to defend France from this European coalition
Napoleon’s Control of FranceNapoleon showed
his great military skills & defeated the First Coalition
By 1799, Napoleon believed that he could do a better job running the French government than the leaders of the republic
Napoleon Controlled FranceDesperate for
strong leadership, French citizens allowed Napoleon to have as much power as he wanted, so he made himself emperoremperor in 1804
Napoleon’s Changes in FranceBad Changes
Used the military to run the country
Limited freedom of speech & executed or jailed his critics
Forced men to join the French army
Continued fighting European wars
Good Changes Improved educationCreated a Bank of Bank of
FranceFrance & made everyone pay taxes
Created the Napoleonic CodeNapoleonic Code to make French laws more equal & clear
Increased the size of the French empire
Napoleon’s Reforms1. Economic Order – set up a National
Bank2. Social Order – Welcomed nobles back3. Religious Order – Signed the
Concordat – agreement that set a new relationship between church & state. Religious freedom allowed
4. Legal Order – Wrote a new set of laws called the Napoleonic code
Napoleon sold Louisiana territory to USA president Thomas Jefferson in 1803 for $15 million ($0.03 per acre)
Battle of Austerlitz (December 1805) France defeats a
bigger Austrian & Prussian army
Masterful tactical victory
Forces Austria out of the war
Battle of Trafalgar
October 1805Napoleon
knows he must defeat Britain’s navy to capture Britain
Battle of Trafalgar French navy meets
British navy outside of Gibraltar
British navy led by Lord Horatio Nelson
British force a retreat & Britain is saved
By 1810, Napoleon had created the largest European empire since the Romans!
Napoleon’s EmpireNapoleon forced Europe to:
–Obey the Napoleonic CodeNapoleonic Code –Obey the Continental SystemContinental System—a
strict blockade of all British goods & a heavy tax on any non- French product
End of Napoleon’s EmpireBy 1812, the
only countries Napoleon did not control were England, Sweden & Russia
When Russia violated the Continental System & bought grain from England, Napoleon attacked
Napoleon’s Retreat from Russia
Napoleon arrived in Russia with 614,000 French troops but returned with only 40,000
End of Napoleon’s EmpireNapoleon was exiled
to Elba (an island near Italy); France brought back the Bourbon king Louis XVIII
But…Napoleon returned & created a new army to lead France; BUT…
End of Napoleon’s EmpireThe Sixth Coalition of European
powers defeated him at Waterloo in 1815 & ended Napoleon’s reign
Napoleon was exiled to the South Atlantic where he died in 1821 (of stomach cancer or poison?)
Let’s Create a Perspective Poster about Napoleon
Your poster should include:–A titletitle that takes a stand: was
Napoleon good or bad?–A visualvisual of Napoleon as either
a good influence or as a bad influence
–A listlist of achievements or complaints