feasiblity table

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Introduction

A table is a form offurniture with a flat and satisfactory horizontal upper surface

used to support objects of interest, for storage, show, and/or manipulation. The surface

must be held stable; for reasons of simplicity, this is done by support from below by

either a column, a "base" or at least three columnar "stands". A table is also known as

a bar, a bench, a board, a bureau, a desk, a lectern and a pulpit.

. We put things on a table, often for a short time, for example food and knives and

forks, etc. at a meal, cups fordrinks, a book, a map, writing paperwhen writing, and

things forhobbies. We also put things on tables for a longer time, for example

a TV, computerordecorations (pretty things). Often we put a cloth on the table, flat on

the top. There are traditional ways of putting the cloth, knives and forks and food on the

table for meals.

We can make some tables bigger, for example by pulling the top out. We can

also fold some tables to transport them better, for example for camping. There are also

small tables in trains and planes which we can fold or open. Some round tables come

with a Lazy Susan. This is a rotating piece ofwood in the centerof the table.

Traditionally, tables in Japan,chabudai, are low, sometimes round tables,

fortea and food.

On the other hand, a bag (also known regionally as a sack) is a simple tool in the

form of a non-rigid container. The use of bags predates recorded history, with the

earliest bags being no more than lengths of animal skin or woven plant fibers, folded up
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at the edges and secured in that shape with strings of the same material. Despite their

simplicity, bags have been fundamental for the development of human civilization, as

they allow people to easily collect loose materials such as berries orfood grains, and to

transport more items than could readily by carried in the hands. The word probably has

its origins in the Norseword baggi, from the reconstructed Proto-Europeanbak, but is

also comparable to the Welsh baich (load, bundle), and the Greek

(bstagma, load).

Tables of various shapes, colours, heights and sizes are designed for specific uses:

1. Bedside table, nightstand, or night table. Is a small table used in a bedroom. It

is often used for convenient placement of a small lamp, alarm clock, glasses, or

other personal items.

2. Drawing tableusually has a top that can be tilted for making a large

or technical drawing. It might have a ruleror similar element integrated.

3. Gateleg table. Has one or two hinged leaves supported by hinged legs.

4. Coffee table. Is a low table designed for use in a living room, in front of a sofa,

for convenient placement of drinks, books, or other personal items.

5. Chess table. Is a type ofgames table that integrates a chessboard.

6. Refectory table. Is a long table designed to seat many people for meals.

7. Dining room table.

Is a table designed to be used for formal dining.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_grainshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Europeanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedside_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedroomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamp_(fixture)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarm_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawing_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawing_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_drawinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rulerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateleg_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateleg_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living_roomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Games_table&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chessboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refectory_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dining_roomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dining_roomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refectory_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chessboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Games_table&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living_roomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateleg_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rulerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_drawinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawing_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarm_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamp_(fixture)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedroomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedside_tablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Europeanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_grainshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berry


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Knowing the stated information about tables and bags (briefcase), the authors of this

product plan decided to take advantage in an ordinary table and briefcase to the current

atmosphere of the laptop demand in our country and globally. They have envisioned the

merging of the normal laptop briefcase and normal table to developed a product that will

suit for laptop users.

Background of the Study

The proponents themselves and other students experienced problem of spillage

in using pack meal containers or lunchboxes. The packed meal turned cold that lead the

students not to eat the food. For this reason the proponents became more interested to

develop the product to solve the problem.

A series of survey was conducted for the group to come up with the best sound

solutions. Therein, based on the result of the survey made, it was proven that the

respondents also experience problem in using pack meal containers in bringing food

during their studies or works. That is, they felt discontented and unhappy while eating

since the food turned cold.

The result also shows that most people especially those who are studying and

working and who are indeed need to spend less of their money in buying food wanted

to have such gadget that will enable them to eat their meals with smugness. The result

of the survey revealed that there is a demand for the proposed product that will warm

their food upon consumption.

Generally, the result of the survey conducted proves that a newly developed

product, that is a pack meal container with warmer will be feasible to produce in the


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market since more people had the desire of its utilization and were at ease that they will

surely benefited.

Factors to Consider in Developing the Product of this PPD Paper:

1. Marketability: it is the measure of the ability of a product to be bought and sold.

This factor is very important in order to suffice investment involved in developing

the product.

2. Functionality: it is the set of functions or capabilities associated with product.

Part of functionality is the ergonomic specifications integrated in the product.

3. Manufacturing Cost: it is the total cost accumulated in developing the product.

This factor is very important for it serve as basis for pricing and cost of

investment to the product, which determines the place of the product to the

market.

Products Being Considered in the Study


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Figure 1. A Typical Laptop Casing

Figure 1 is a type of briefcases used as a shelf or protective bag for laptops. It is

very convenient as if carrying a normal hand bag. It can hold up to 20 inch-sized laptops

and can be made up of different materials like wood, plastic, leather, rubber and metal.

Figure 2. A Typical Laptop Table

Figure 2 is a newly model of computer table use in households and educational

institutions in the Philippines. According to Dr. Erik Pepper, Ph. D. of the Institute for

Holistic Healing Studies of the Department of Health Education in Europe, 40 million

Americans use computers, and 15-20 percent is at risk of having Repetitive Strain Injury

(RSI) due to improper usage of computer workstation.


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Figure 3. A Typical Laptop Computer

Figure 3 is a generally-accepted model of personal computer use for mobile

purposes. This kind of personal computer called Laptop integrates the typical

components of a desktop computer. The physical measurement of laptops varies

according to its kind namely: Full-Size Laptop (10 to 14"), Net Book (5 to 12), Ultra-

Thin Laptop (10 to 14, but are very thin and light), Tablet PC (5to 14), and Rugged

(depending on the kind of use and function).

Figure 4. A Typical Laptop Cooler

Figure 4 is a generally-accepted model of laptop cooler which helps reduce the

operating temperature of laptop computers. Normally used when the laptop's fan device

is unable to sufficiently cool the laptop. Active coolers move air or liquid to direct heat

away from the laptop quickly.


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Figure 5. A Typical Mouse Pad

A mousepad (US) or mouse mat (UK) is a surface for placing and moving

a computer mouse. A mousepad enhances the usability of the mouse compared to

using a mouse directly on a table by providing a surface to allow the tracking LED or

ball (in former models) to measure movement accurately and without jitter. Some

mousepads increase ergonomics by providing a padded wrist rest.

Taking into consideration the different functions and specifications of products

specified above, the authors of this Product Planning and Development (PPD) Paper

carefully studied and integrated their important components to create a portable product

feasible to sustain the demand of the market.

The PPD process used in this paper is a generally-accepted procedure in the

Industrial Engineering field. Also by prioritizing the ergonomic, safety, and quality

principles the users can rest assure that their investments to the product are parallel to

the benefits it can give to them.

The handy laptop case-table is a practical and economical replacement to

separate products having the same functions. It is not only a reliable product that can

suffice the demanding trend in the market, but also an inspiration to future

developments in this field.
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Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents some related facts, issues, and studies described as local

and foreign which concerns the fundamental principles and standards behind the

development of this Product Planning and Development Paper.

Foreign Literature

The advent of laptop today had made a number of people shift from the

use of the traditional desktop into the mobile laptop. The major reason for this is

portability which allows you to use your PC anywhere and anytime. However, just like

the desktop, anyone using the laptop has to be comfortable while working.

Ergonomically designed laptoptables, stands and desks are important furniture.

There are several features that a laptop owner should look into when purchasing

a laptop table or stand. However, let us first determine why an ergonomically crafted

laptop table is specifically needed.

There are laptop users who are satisfied in merely placing their mobile

computers on their laps. When you spend several hours in this position, you will feel the

heat of the laptop on your lap or thighs. Then, since you may not be working in good

body position, your shoulders, arms, back and neck may be strained. Back and neck

pains will persist if you continue working in this position. Furthermore, there is a big


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possibility that your laptop may topple. It has not been placed in a steady position so

your irregular body movement may cause it to fall. And you know what happens when

your laptop falls; you will be spending for its repairs. Or in worst condition, you will need

a new laptop because the fall had rendered your device to be totally damaged and

beyond repair.

Now, how is an ergonomic laptop table designed?

In using your laptop table, your arm should sit at a certain angle that will not

strain your arms and elbows. This position should be a fifteen-degree angle. This is the

position that people find perfect for fast typing. This is the ergonomic position which

every laptop user should recognize. The table will enable you to position the laptop at

eye level which will prevent strain on your eyes and neck as you try to view the screen.

Lastly, you have an extra space where you can position your mouse. Make the laptop

table portable also to enable you to bring it with your laptop. With this, you can

maximize its use.

You can buy a portable ergonomic laptop table. Many of them are not only

ergonomically designed; they are cheap and lightweight. They are also compact to

enable you to place it in your laptop bag together with the computer. They are also

made of different materials and there is a wide array of selection to choose from.

For people who had shifted from the use of desktop into a laptop, it is important


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that a minimal investment on a desk that is ergonomic be made. This inexpensive piece

of furniture will afford the user health benefits. With the ergonomic laptop, the user will

not suffer back, neck, shoulder and arm pains.

(http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/The-Effects-Of-Ergonomically-Designed-Laptop-

Table/3929042#ixzz2F5BG592N)

PC market surged in 2005, will settle in 2006

By Michael Kanellos

Staff Writer, CNET News

Notebooks and price cuts helped the PC market grow by 16.4 percent worldwide

in 2005 in terms of units, although the rate of growth will likely slow down this year,

according to IDC.

PC shipments have been above analysts' expectations all year, according to

Loren Loverde at IDC, which raised its estimates several times during the year. The

results for the fourth quarter and the year exceeded IDC's most recent expectations

from November.

In all, 208.6 million desktops, notebooks and x86 servers left factories and

workshops in 2005, according to IDC. The estimated value, or revenue, generated by

these machines worldwide likely came to around $218 billion, an increase of 9 percent

over $200 billion in 2004.
http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/The-Effects-Of-Ergonomically-Designed-Laptop-Table/3929042#ixzz2F5BG592Nhttp://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/The-Effects-Of-Ergonomically-Designed-Laptop-Table/3929042#ixzz2F5BG592Nmailto:[email protected]?subject=FEEDBACK:%20PC%20market%20surged%20in%202005,%20will%20settle%20in%202006http://news.cnet.com/PC-shipments-growing-faster-than-expected/2100-1003_3-5793568.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/PC-shipments-growing-faster-than-expected/2100-1003_3-5793568.htmlmailto:[email protected]?subject=FEEDBACK:%20PC%20market%20surged%20in%202005,%20will%20settle%20in%202006http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/The-Effects-Of-Ergonomically-Designed-Laptop-Table/3929042#ixzz2F5BG592Nhttp://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/The-Effects-Of-Ergonomically-Designed-Laptop-Table/3929042#ixzz2F5BG592N


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In 2006, however, things will decelerate. PC shipments will likely grow by 10.5 percent

worldwide while value will probably climb only 3.6 percent to $226 billion, Loverde said.

"The decline in growth reflects a general concern about rising interest rates,

housing and fuel prices," he said. Nonetheless, these didn't have a lot of impact in 2005,

so they may not play much of a role this year. "The fourth-quarter results didn't show a

lot of reaction to them."

As in the first three quarters, notebook, discounts and emerging markets helped

propel sales in the fourth quarter. Fourth-quarter shipments rose 17.1 percent

worldwide; in November, IDC predicted fourth-quarter shipments would grow by 15.8

percent.

The market leaders solidified their positions worldwide, and the rankings stayed

largely the same. Dell remained the top PC maker in the world, growing global

shipments by 20.1 percent in the fourth quarter (and 18.8 percent for the year). The

company's market share worldwide in the fourth quarter rose to 18.1 percent, up from

17.7 percent in the fourth quarter of 2004.

Like last quarter, Dell only grew a bit faster than the market as a whole. For Dell, that's

uncharacteristically slow. The company, however, is doing well in growth markets like

Asia, Loverde said. Dell grew shipments there by 49 percent in the fourth quarter, which

was faster than the market's growth. Overall, Dell's international shipments grew by 37

percent in the fourth quarter.

Acer, No. 4 worldwide, saw shipments grow by 52.5 percent in the fourth quarter

and 53.9 percent for the year. Acer now has 4.1 percent of the global market and has
http://news.cnet.com/PC-shipments-leap-past-expectations/2100-1003_3-5897839.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/PC-shipments-leap-past-expectations/2100-1003_3-5897839.html


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been the fastest-growing large PC maker for the past two years. Much of the company's

growth comes from Europe.

By contrast, both Hewlett-Packard, No. 2 worldwide and in the U.S., and Lenovo,

ranked No. 3 in the world, grew slower than the market.

In the fourth quarter, HP saw worldwide shipments grow 15.8 percent, slower

than the 17.1 percent mark for the market as a whole. For the year on a worldwide

basis, HP grew by 15.7 percent, slower than the 16.4 annual growth rate. In the U.S.,

HP's shipments grew by 6.7 percent for the fourth quarter, compared with 8.7 percent

for the market as a whole and 7.3 percent for the year, below the 10 percent mark for

the U.S. as a whole.

Lenovo, when the IBM merger is taken into account, grew shipments by 12.6

percent in the fourth quarter worldwide. For the year, Lenovo-IBM saw shipments shrink

5.1 percent. Their merger took place in 2005, Loverde noted. Historically, some

companies have lost more market share in merger years.

Another beneficiary of rising PC sales was Advanced Micro Devices. Preliminary figures

for chipmakers aren't in yet, but even Intel executives concede that the company lost

market shareto its smaller competitor.

Toshiba sneaks ahead of Apple in the U.S., the picture was similar to the

previous quarters. Dell stayed in the top spot and saw its market share grow to 33.5

percent with HP staying in second place. Gateway, on the comeback trail, held the third

spot by growing 33 percent. Its market share is now 6.1 percent, up from 5.1 percent a

year ago.
http://news.cnet.com/Lenovo-touts-notebooks%2C-Olympics-push/2100-1044_3-6018819.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Intel-loses-market-share-in-own-backyard/2100-1003_3-6028349.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Intel-loses-market-share-in-own-backyard/2100-1003_3-6028349.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Intel-loses-market-share-in-own-backyard/2100-1003_3-6028349.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Intel-loses-market-share-in-own-backyard/2100-1003_3-6028349.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Lenovo-touts-notebooks%2C-Olympics-push/2100-1044_3-6018819.html


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Toshiba, meanwhile, snuck ahead of Apple Computer to take the fifth place for

U.S. shipments with a 3.5 percent market share. Notebook sales helped the Japanese

company, said IDC analyst David Daoud. Toshiba periodically makes an appearance in

the top five.

For the year, however, Apple topped Toshiba with a 3.3 percent market share to

Toshiba's 3.2 percent. For the year, Apple grew shipments by 32 percent, just slightly

slower than Gateway.

(http://news.cnet.com/PC-market-surged-in-2005,-will-settle-in-2006/2100-1003_3-

6028454.html)

Foreign Study

Laptop sales increase worldwide

18 December 2007

Rapidly increasing demand for portable computers have driven up worldwide

computer sales, according to data firm IDC.

The company's Quarterly PC Tracker, which released its results for the July-

September 2007 period yesterday, shows that shipments of new computers have grown

by 16.7% since the last results.

This marks a year of increases since a slowdown in 2006 - and marks the

increased demand for online technology including broadband.
http://news.cnet.com/PC-market-surged-in-2005,-will-settle-in-2006/2100-1003_3-6028454.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/PC-market-surged-in-2005,-will-settle-in-2006/2100-1003_3-6028454.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/PC-market-surged-in-2005,-will-settle-in-2006/2100-1003_3-6028454.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/PC-market-surged-in-2005,-will-settle-in-2006/2100-1003_3-6028454.html


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The fact that laptop shipments are up by 37% in the third quarter points to the

fact that more users want to take their PCs wherever they go - a sign of greater internet

flexibility including the rise of wireless (WiFi) internet technology.

Loren Loverde, Director of the Tracker, commented: "The peak portable growth

seen in the third quarter will be difficult to sustain, but it reflects strong demand across

regions and segments that will fuel growth.

"It will be increasingly important for PC vendors to have a strong portable offering

to stay competitive as the market continues its rapid shift to mobile computing."

The UK is uniquely well-placed to take advantage of the increased demand for

laptops - as it contains over 10,000 WiFi hotspots - areas from which users can gain

quick wireless internet access.

(http://www.uswitch.com/news/broadband/20071218/laptop-sales-increase-worldwide/)

Laptops Displacing Desktops: Impact on Support Costs

September,2008

The standard corporate desktop, with its burdensome support costs, is likely to

change dramatically over the next decade with innovations such as desktop

virtualization, thin-client computing, PC support automation, and hosted applications.

But the most significant change occurring today is the steady shift toward mobile

computing and laptop computers. Enterprises are deploying laptops to more and more

users to increase mobility, flexibility, and productivity. Our research indicates that, for
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the typical enterprise, the ratio of laptops to total PCs grew by 10% over the past year,

and we anticipate that this trend will accelerate in the coming year.

As with all technologies, laptops have advantages and disadvantages. From the

perspective of IT organizations, laptops can ease the burden of relocations, changes,

and upgrades. But there are also costs: Laptops cost more than comparably equipped

desktops, introduce new security threats, suffer damage more frequently, and are more

costly to repair than desktops.

Throughout this study, we refer to laptops and desktops collectively as PCs.

Laptops include most portable form factors, with the exception of handheld email

devices, such as the Blackberry and Treo. The term "desktop" includes both desktop

PCs and higher-end workstations. The term "PC" is not limited to Wintel platforms, but

encompasses Windows, Linux, Macintosh, and other operating systems, including thin-

client operating systems.

Improvements in laptop capabilities, coupled with falling prices, are prompting

more and more organizations to replace desktops with laptop PCs. Figure 1 shows that

laptops grew from 20.0% of the PC count at the median in 2007 to 22.9% this year,

based on our annual survey of about 200 IT organizations balanced by size and sector.

This represents a 10% increase in the ratio of laptops to PCs for the median

organization.


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Computer Economics forecasts an even higher growth rate over the coming year.

We project that laptops should comprise more than one-fourth of the total PCs for the

typical organization by 2009, based on current trends.

(http://www.computereconomics.com/article.cfm?id=1393)

Local Literature

U.S. is a major market for Philippine exports and an important source of imports.

In 2007, two-way trade amounted to US$16.4 billion. Total Philippine exports to USA in

2007, amounting to $8.54 billion and accounting for 16.99% of total Philippine exports to

the world, consisted of electronic products - laptop, optical disk drive, semi-conductor

devices, electrical transformers, and wiring harness. Philippine imports from US on the

other hand, valued at $7.91 billion and accounting for 14.31% of total imports from the

world, include: molding compounds/dice of any material, electronic integrated circuits &

micro-assemblies, materials, accessories & supplies for the manufacture of watches &

watch cases, wheat & meslin, and parts & accessories for typewriters & other office
http://www.computereconomics.com/article.cfm?id=1393http://www.computereconomics.com/article.cfm?id=1393


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machines. RP enjoyed a fairly small trade balance worth $0.25M in 2006 and $0.62

million in 2007. Recent trade data covering Jan- Aug. 2008 registered total RP-US

bilateral trade worth US$10.52 million, with exports valued at $ 5.51M and imports at $

4.98M. (http://www.dti.gov.ph/dti/index.php?p=154&type=2&sec=2&aid=39&pg)

Local Study

The product line of Acer (Phils.), Inc. leads the Philippine personal computer

market, a study by an international market intelligence group showed.

In its first quarter Asia-Pacific Quarterly PC Tracker Summary, research firm IDC

named the Acer brand as the leading choice of Filipinos when purchasing desktops and

laptops.

"We still continue to lead the market overall for the past several quarters and this

we attribute to our continued resolve to come up with significant and consumer-friendly

products," said Acer Philippines General Manager Manuel Wong.

Acer led the consumer desktop segment with an 11.9 percent market share with

sales reaching 6,911 units worth P6.3 million in the first quarter.
http://www.dti.gov.ph/dti/index.php?p=154&type=2&sec=2&aid=39&pghttp://www.dti.gov.ph/dti/index.php?p=154&type=2&sec=2&aid=39&pg


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In the same period, Acer also led the notebook segment as it cornered 29

percent of the commercial laptop market with sales amounting to 8,539 units with a total

value of P11.3 million.

Wong said Acer is banking on the introduction of a new sub-notebook category

and a new laptop model to keep the brand the top Filipino choice for personal

computers.

"We will continue to capture the Filipinos' attention, and still they can be assured

of top-quality and innovative products and consumer-focused service from us," Wong

added. - GMANews.TV (MANILA, Philippines).

(http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/114715/economy/acer-brand-leads-

philippine-pc-market)

PhilippinesInternet Usage Stats and Marketing Report

Internet Usage Statistics:29,700,000 Internet users as of June/09, 29.7% of the population, according toYahoo.

Latest Population Estimate:
http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/114715/economy/acer-brand-leads-philippine-pc-markethttp://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/114715/economy/acer-brand-leads-philippine-pc-markethttp://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/114715/economy/acer-brand-leads-philippine-pc-markethttp://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/114715/economy/acer-brand-leads-philippine-pc-market


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Internet Growth in Philippines:

YEAR Users Population % Pop. Usage Source

2000 2,000,000 78,181,900 2.6 % ITU

2005 7,820,000 84,174,092 9.3 % C.I.Almanac

2008 14,000,000 96,061,683 14.6 % Yahoo!

2009 24,000,000 97,976,603 24.5 % Nielsen

2010 29,700,000 99,900,177 29.7 % ITU

Of the estimated 17% of the population which constituted the Internet-user

population coming into 2012, a large proportion of these were using a high-speed

broadband connection to go online. In early 2012 available statistics suggested that

almost 90% of all internet connections were broadband-based services, representing a

major shift in the broadband presence in the Philippines. This report looks at the various

projects and initiatives as the Philippine government continues to encourage the

development of broadband in the country. The report also provides information on the

wider Internet market in the country. (http://www.budde.com.au/Research/Philippines-

Broadband-Market-and-Forecasts.html?r=51)

99,900,177 population for 2010, according to the US Census Bureau.

Gross Domestic Product:GNI per capita is US$ 1,930 according to I.M.F.
http://www.yahoo.com/http://www.nielsen-online.com/http://www.nielsen-online.com/http://www.itu.int/en/pages/default.aspxhttp://www.budde.com.au/Research/Philippines-Broadband-Market-and-Forecasts.html?r=51http://www.budde.com.au/Research/Philippines-Broadband-Market-and-Forecasts.html?r=51http://www.budde.com.au/Research/Philippines-Broadband-Market-and-Forecasts.html?r=51http://www.budde.com.au/Research/Philippines-Broadband-Market-and-Forecasts.html?r=51http://www.itu.int/en/pages/default.aspxhttp://www.nielsen-online.com/http://www.yahoo.com/


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Chapter 3

Methodology


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This chapter describes the methods and procedures used in this Product

Planning and Development (PPD) Paper aside from the PPD process, which can be

found at Chapter 4 of this paper.

Interview

An interview is a conversation between two or more people (the interviewer and

the interviewee) where questions are asked by the interviewer to obtain information

from the interviewee.

This methodology was used by the authors of this PPD Paper in order to obtain

information which was vital to the study. Among the PPD Process which greatly

benefited from this methodology were: Identifying the Customer Needs, Key

Assumptions and Constrains, Benchmarking, Concept Selection, Concept Scoring,

Concept Testing, Product Specifications, Product Architecture, and Industrial Design.

The mentioned PPD Process and the contribution of this methodology to them were

discussed in Chapter 4.

Survey

A survey is a method of gathering information from a number of individuals,

known as a sample, in order to learn something about the larger population from which

the sample is drawn. Although surveys come in many forms, and serve a variety of

purposes, they do share certain characteristics. In order for the objectives of a survey

to be met, the results must reliably project on the larger public, from which the sample is


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drawn. A sample can be scientifically chosen so that each individual in a population has

a known chance of selection.

The survey was conducted for us to know if the building were

implementing OSH standard. The respondents of the survey were 30 nursing students.

The survey focuses to ask questions with regard to health and safety inside the building.

Observation

An observation is either an activity of a living being (such as a human), consisting

of receiving knowledge of the outside world through the senses, or the recording of data

using scientific instruments. The term may also refer to any datum collected during this

activity.

This methodology was used by the authors to gather basic information which was

helpful to this paper, among the PPD Process which benefited from this procedure

were: Product Development Project, Mission Statement, Key Business Goals, Key

Assumptions and Constrains, Concept Development, Product Concept Generation and

Evaluation, Concept Selection, Concept Testing, Product Specifications, Product

Architecture, Incidental Interaction, and Industrial Design. Also, it was helpful in

validating other information gathered in other methodologies, like interview and

documentation analysis.

Documentation Analysis


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This methodology pertains to the process of analysing documents gathered by

the authors through researches and surveys conducted. Chapter 2 takes a big part in

this methodology by using their related studies and literatures as basis for Product

Planning and Development Process. Also, the surveys gathered by the authors were

carefully utilized to sustain the needed information necessary for the PPD Process.

.

Chapter 4

Product Planning and Development


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This chapter presents the Product Planning Development (PPD) Process

generally accepted in the Industrial Engineering field. The information gathered using

the methodologies at Chapter 3 were utilized and segmented as detailed as possible in

order to fit the PPD Process necessary for better understanding of the proposed

product, its feasibility to the market, and this paper.

Product Planning

Product Development Project

The Portable Case-Tab is classified as derivatives of existing product platforms.

That is, the product was derived from the principle of common various existing laptop

tables. Additional features came from working principle of laptop briefcase bag and cool

air.

Type of Product Development: Incremental improvements to existing products

This kind of product development involves adding or modifying some features of

existing products in order to keep the product line current and competitive.

The authors of this PPD Paper chose this kind of product development in order

to suffice the continuing demand to the products usage being developed, and

integrated new concepts and principles in order to enhance the products features for

better customer satisfaction.

Product Opportunities: Ideal posture and design using laptop


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There are laptop users who are satisfied in merely placing their mobile

computers on their laps. When you spend several hours in this position, you will feel the

heat of the laptop on your lap or thighs. Then, since you may not be working in good

body position, your shoulders, arms, back and neck may be strained. Back and neck

pains will persist if you continue working in this position. Furthermore, there is a big

possibility that your laptop may topple. It has not been placed in a steady position so

your irregular body movement may cause it to fall

You can buy a portable ergonomic laptop table. Many of them are not only

ergonomically designed; they are cheap and lightweight. They are also compact to

enable you to place it in your laptop bag together with the computer. They are also

made of different materials and there is a wide array of selection to choose from.

Opportunity Statement: Provide an incremented-design product integrating the usage

of Universal Serial Bus (USB) in different technologically developed gadgets which are

commonly used in college, companies and businesses.

Competitive Strategy

A. Technology Leadership: the continuing development of technology can be an

inspiration of the product of this PPD Paper. More so, in order to successfully

penetrate the market, the product must have an integration of traditionally-

designed and technologically-developed products.

B. Customer Focus: aside from the Technological Leadership, the product must

have a Customer Focus design, one inspiration is the increasing usage of laptop


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and other similar products. Also, the product must conform to different ergonomic

principles.

Product Platform Planning

Product Platform Planning is the set of assets shared across a set of products.

Since this PPD Paper proposes only one product resulted from Research and

Technology Development, the sharing of asset by various products which is the

principle of Product Platform Planning is not applicable in this PPD Paper, but the

derivative product development principle of Product Platform Planning is applicable.

Project Timing

A. Timing of product introduction: the continuing trends on high technology

gadgets including laptops to get along with the cyber world.

B. Technology Readiness: the technical features of the product must conform

to the available technological resources in present time. Another technology

available is the adjustable principle of different parts integrated in most

products in the market.

C. Market Readiness: the continuing demand of laptop, together with the

increase in the market trends of high technology gadgets and use of social

media, networking sites and the likes.

D. Competition: the diverse numbers of organization producing products aiming

various markets must be a consideration; this can be eliminated by

developing a product having unique yet applicable features.


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Product Plan

It is the set of project/s approved by the planning process sequenced in time. The

plan may include a mix of fundamentally new products, platform projects, and derivative

of projects of varying size

Time (Year)

The above figure shows the Project Plan established by the authors of this PPD

Paper. Like Product Platform Planning, this plan shows the shared assets and

resources of products under the New Platform, Derivatives and Improvement levels.

Also, like every plan it involves time factor.

Pre-Project Planning

Once the Product Plan has been established, a Pre-Project Planning takes place.

This plan involves the creation of Product Vision Statement which came from the

previous Opportunity Statement. The Product Vision Statement may be very general,

and it may not say which technologies should be used. In order to provide guidance,

generally the team formulates a more detailed definition of the target market and the

assumptions under which the development team will operate. These decisions are

capture in a Mission Statement.

Product Vision Statement: A product integrating the usage of the briefcase bag with

the laptop table for a convenient use where ever the user may be.


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Table 2

Mission Statement

Mission Statement: Portable Case-Tab

Product Description

1. Portable ergonomically-designed table with cooling pad in the center platform.

2. Adjustable height of the stand of the table that can be folded and hidden inside

the laptop briefcase.

Key Business Goals

1. Introduce new ideas and special features for laptop table

2. Provide comfort and convenience in the users of the product.

3. Capture 50% or above of the primary market.

4. First product introduction on 1st quarter of 2011.


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Primary Market

Laptop users along Makati (business center), business entrepreneurs, techies and

students.

Secondary Market

Laptop users along Metro Manila area, business entrepreneurs and students.

Assumptions and Constrains

1. New ideas and features introduction to the market

2. Reliability and Convenience to its users

3. Manufacturability and longevity of the product


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Chapter 4

Product Planning and Development

This chapter presents the data gathered by the proponents and its analysis. The

information were analyzed using the black box method and were carefully chosen with

the aid of the different techniques and tools as presented on the previous chapter.

Product Planning

Product Development Project

The Portable Case-Tab is classified as derivatives of existing product platforms.

That is, the product was derived from the principle of common various existing laptop

tables. Additional features came from working principle of laptop briefcase bag and cool

air.


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Mission Statement

Mission Statement: Portable Case-Tab

Product Description

The product is a light weight, multifunctional laptop table that is attached to a briefcase

bag. The table has an air cooler, mouse pad, and drawers for mouse and charger which

could be brought anywhere desired.

Key Business Goals

1. Product should be introduced in the first quarter of year 2014.

2. Aid people who were fond of laptops

3. To create a new market that would be competitive compared to other

markets.

4. Assures product quality to satisfy the customers expectations.

5. Cater relative market share two years after market launch.

Primary Market

Business entrepreneurs and employees who use laptop.

Secondary Market

Students who use laptop

Assumptions and Constrains

4. New ideas and features introduction to the market

5. Reliability and Convenience to its users

6. Manufacturability and longevity of the product


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Market Planning

Planning For 5 Year Pre-operation And Future Operation Of The Product Development

MarketingStrategies

1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year

Price

The retailprice for the

PortableCase-Tab

The product isexpected to

increase by 5%

Due to high costof buying rawmaterials theproduct willincrease 5%

Every year theproducts selling

price will increaseby 5 % to cover

up themanufacturing

expense increase

Every year theproducts selling

price will increaseby 5 % to cover

up themanufacturing

expense increase

Promotion

The companypromotes the

productsthrough flyers

and the

internet(socialnetworkingsites)

Promoting itthrough print

ads innewspaper andmagazines and

theinternet(globally)

Company takesto promote it onthe departmentstores for public

product testing

The productintroduces

throughtarpaulins and

billboards

Promotionthrough

advertising by t.v.

or radio station

Product

Redesignedfeatures andnew ideas forthe PortableCase-Tab

Redesignednew featuresand ideas forthe PortableCase-Tab

Redesigned newfeatures andideas for the

Portable Case-Tab and other

high-techgadgets



upcoming high-tech gadgets



upcoming high-tech gadgets

People

Introduce theproduct tocustomers

who useslaptop. (NCR)

Company aimsto launch the

product to

people withcomputer-related works.

Introduce it tostudents along

NCR.

Introduce itnationally to

laptop users..

Introduce itinternationally to

laptop users.

PackagingThe productis place on

box

The product ison the box with

defined usage init

The product iswrapped on a boxthat comes with abrochure and an

instructionmanual in it

The product isstill placed on a

box but it isredesigned for itsappearance to be

catchy in theeyes of thecustomer

The product iswrapped on a boxthat comes with abrochure and an

instructionmanual in it

Place

The locationchosen is

Makati Citysince it mostpeople uses

gadgetsincluding

laptop

Will occupydifferent spaces

to openbranches (NCR)

Expanding themarket to Luzon,

Visayas, andMindanao areas

Introducing theproduct in theother countries

Expandingbranches neartransport areasfor export in theother countries


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CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

Identifying Customers Needs

You will only gain a competitive edge if you have correctly identified your

customer needs. In order to identify customer needs and make use of this information

you will need to do three things: (1) Communicate with your customers and find out

how you can best satisfy their needs; (2) Establish ways to record and interpret

customers feedback, and (3) Use this information when making important decisions

about marketing, buying, merchandising and selling.

Customers are not always able to articulate what they need. By asking key

questions and probing more information you can define their needs. Through survey,

the group gathered information which had been directly stated by the customers for the

development of the product. Primarily, 59 potential customers in selected areas in

Makati and Mandaluyong were considered as common users of laptop.

The chosen 100 respondents are given a questionnaire to fill up. The

questionnaires are composed of six questions that are prepared to the required topic

that will be adding concept to the development process. The answers were interpreted

and summarized for a generalized finding. The results of the questionnaire will be the

basis in making the developed product. Below are the characteristics of the Portable

Case-Tab.


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1 Is Light weight

2 Last a long time

3 Can easily fold/ transform

4 Is affordable

5 Ergonomically designed

6 Multifunctional

7 Portable

8 Variety of sizes (17 and below)

Summary of Survey Result

Survey

Question Yes No Total % of yes % of no Total

1 90 10 100 90% 10% 100%

2 80 20 100 80% 20% 100%

3 76 24 100 76% 24% 100%4 52 48 100 52% 48% 100%

5 32 68 100 32% 68% 100%

6 70 30 100 70% 30% 100%

The above table shows the result of the survey conducted on One

hundred working individuals in Makati and Mandaluyong Area.


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1. How likely (often) do you use a laptop computer?

There are 90 individuals or 90% of the total respondents often use a laptop

computer and 10 individuals or 10% of the individuals are not often using it because

they are busy doing other job.

2. How likely do you feel heat on your lap, back pain and fatigue?

There are 80 individuals or 80% of the total respondents felt heat on their lap,

back pain and fatigue, while 20 individuals or 20% of the individuals do not since they

prefer to use table instead of putting the laptop on their lap.

3. How likely do you wish to have a handy laptop table that you could bring

anywhere you go?

There are 76 individuals or 76% of the total respondents wishes to have a handy

laptop table due to their need and 24 individuals or 24% of the individuals dont like.

4. How likely (often) do you experience difficulty on carrying your laptop?

There are 52 individuals or 52% of the total respondents experienced difficulty on

carrying their laptops because they dont have a well-designed handy bag and 48

individuals or 48% of the individuals dont find it difficult.

5. How likely does your laptop overheat and lag(hang) because of poor cooling

air?

There are 32 individuals or 32% of the total respondents says that their laptop

usually overheat and lag because of poor cooling air and 68 individuals or 68% of them

says that their laptops do not.


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6. Iftheres a briefcase bag for laptops with portable table, how likely do you wish

to have it?

There are 70 individuals or 70% of the total respondents wishes to have a

briefcase bag with portable table and 30 individuals or 30% of the individuals dont like

because of financial matter.

Concept Generation

A product concept is an approximate description of the technology, working

principles, and form of the product. It is a concise description of how the product will

satisfy the customer needs.

The Five-Step Concept Generation Method

1. Clarify the Problem: Clarifying the problem consists of developing a general

understanding and then breaking the problem down into sub-problems if

necessary. One good approach is to establish assumptions about the product

according to its mission statement, and based on this assumption the

development team can integrate it with the customers needs.

Assumption about the product:

A. The Portable Case-Tab is multi-functional.

B. The Portable Case-Tab is ergonomically designed.

C. The Portable Case-Tab is safe to use.

D. The Portable Case-Tab is portable.


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Target Specifications

A. The size of platform of the table fits the average size of a laptop. (15 inch or

less)

B. The table has laptop cooler which can suffice the longer usage of laptop.

C. The table has a movable mouse pad under its platform.

D. The table has a drawer for charger and mouse.

E. The stand of the table is adjustable to fit different users.

F. The table is attached to the briefcase and can be folded easily

A. Decomposition of the Complex Problem into Simpler Sub-problems:

Dividing a problem into simpler sub-problems is called problem decomposing.

One good approach to do this is to represent it as a single black box

operating on material, energy, and signal flows, then divides it into sub-

functions to create more specific description of the elements of the product.

Energy Energy

Material Material

Signal Signal

Figure 8. Black Box of the New Desk-Chair

New Desk-Chair


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Sub-Functions

Energy

Material Multi-

function

Signal

The figure explains how the energy is being translated as the motion is done by the

user. The energy applied is converted into another form and then trigger the motion of

the multi-function Portable Case-Tab.

2. Search Externally: External search is aimed at finding existing solutions to both

the overall problem and to the sub-problems identified during the problem

clarification step. The authors of this PPD Paper search solutions and

essential information available in order to complete the product being proposed.

The authors expand the scope of the search by broadly gathering information

that might be related to the problem and then focus the scope of the search by

exploring the promising directions in more detail. Also, the authors followed the

five-step procedure namely:

Store and

accept external

Convert energy

to translational

energy

Store wood

componentsIsolate the

materials

Push and Pull Trigger Push

and Pull

Apply

translational

energy


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A. Interview Lead Users: By interviewing lead users and the use of questionnaires,

the proponents were able to know the opinions of the target market regarding the

proposed product. With that, the importance of finding a design which satisfies

the problem was established.

A. Consult Experts: Among the experts consulted by the proponents are the

licensed mechanical and electronics engineers who know the functions of

materials to be used in the product being developed. Their inputs served as

guidelines in design and proper choosing of materials and mechanism.

B. Search Patents: This procedure became helpful to the proponents in

identifying competitors to the market. Also, it became important for the

authors to know whether there is existing product available in the market or

being developed by other manufacturers.

C. Search Published Literature: Searching literature is important for it helps in

identifying different principles which may be involved in creating the product.

Published literatures are very important for their insights are established

principles and standard in their own rights. This became helpful to the

proponents for it help them in establishing standard specification for the

product.

D. Benchmark Related Product. Benchmarking is a way to compare the

product to its related ones that are available in the market. It helps the

proponents to evaluate its advantages and constraints and to determine what

will be its standing if launched.


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3. Search Internally: In a concept generation method, the internal search is the

used by individual and group in order to retrieve and enhance the knowledge of

the proponent regarding product development. This process can be carried out

by working together. The improvement of both the member and the groups

internal search take place in four (4) guidelines.

1. Suspend Judgment,

2. Generate a lot of ideas,

3. Welcome ideas that may seem infeasible, and

4. Use graphical and physical media.

Set Target Specifications

Understanding the needs of the potential consumers of the products, the

researchers must initially set target specifications of the product before proceeding to

production. In establishing specifications, list of needs is needed to be able to figure out

the possible features and functions of the product. The list of needs is given below.


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Customer Needs

No. NEED IMPORTANCE UNIT

1 Lightweight 5 gram

2 Can easily be fold/transform 5 stress

3 Portable 5 subjective

4 Multifunctional 5 subjective

5 Ergonomically designed 5 subjective

6 Affordable 5 PhP

7 Variety of sizes (15 and below) 4 inch

8

Can be maintained with readily

available tools 4 -

9 Last long time 5 pascal

A. Concept Classification Tress: The concept classification tree is used to divide

the entire space of possible function into several distinct classes which will

facilitate comparison and pruning.

Legs and feet

Human power concept Arms and fingersScrews, bolts, and

washersStoreand accept Mechanical power conceptenergy Gears and hinges

Wall outletElectrical energy concept

Diodes and circuits

Figure 9. Concept Classification Tree


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Concept Classification Trees shows the flow of function happening at the

mechanism of the proposed product. Each sub-function is divided to further illustrate

their concept.

5. Concept Selection

The concept selection is a group process that facilitates the selection of a

winning concepts, helps build team consensus, and creates a record of the decision

making process. The method of the development process focuses in the selection of

subsystem concepts, components and production processes. In performing concept

selection, the groups follow the two-stage processes: concept screening and concept

scoring. Both are done using a decision matrix, which is used to rate, rank and select

the best concept.

For this study, the proponent used the concept development for the old desk-

chair and the proposed developed desk-chair. From the two concepts of their function,

the team evaluated them using the concept screening and concept scoring matrix to

identify the most ideal between the two with respect to its criteria. In concept screening

matrix, the criteria is being evaluated by using 3 signs, (+) means better than, (0)

means same as and () means worse than. While in concept scoring matrix each

criterion has its own weight values in order to categorize it with its importance.

The criteria were divided into four: functionality, convenience, ergonomics,

durability and manufacturing ease. For each criterion there is a corresponding sub-topic

in order to evaluate the concept clearly

A. Concept Screening


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This method uses a coarse comparison system to narrow the range of concepts

with a common reference as criteria in evaluating the concepts. The purpose of this

stage is to narrow and improve the concepts. With the results of the survey, the group

thought of a mechanically innovative design, and created a criteria based on their need.


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Concept Screening Matrix

SELECTIONCRITERIA

CONCEPTS

A B Existing Laptop table

(Reference)

Light weight + + 0

Can easily befold/transform

+ + 0

Portable + + 0

Durability 0 - 0

Multifunctional 0 0 0

Ergonomically

designed

+ + 0

Affordability - - 0

Variety of sizes (15and below)

Can be maintainedwith readily availabletools

Sum +'s 4 4 0Sum 0's 2 1 7

Sum -'s 1 2 0

Net Score 3 2 0

Rank 1 2 3

Continue? YES YES NO

Table 17 shows the concept screening matrix for the ordinary desk-chair and

proposed developed desk-chair. The selection criteria were listed in consideration to the

two concepts of their functions. The teams assigned symbols like (+) that means better


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than, (0) which means same as and () that means worse than. Net score is the

value taken when the sum of all +s and the sum of all s are combined. Rank is the

hierarchical listing of the three concepts generated after the concept screening process.

B. Concept Scoring: Concept scoring is used when increased resolution will better

differentiate among competing concepts. In this stage, the development team

weighs the relative importance of the selection criteria and focuses on more

refined comparisons with respect to each criterion.

.


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Concept Scoring Matrix

CRITERIA WEIGHT

CONCEPT

A B

R WS R WS

Light weight 10% 5 0.30 3 0.30


25% 5 1.25 3 0.75

Portable 20% 5 1.00 5 1.00

Durability 20% 4 0.80 3 0.60

Multifunctional 10% 5 0.30 3 0.30Variety of sizes(15 and below)

5% 4 0.15 3 0.15

Affordability 10% 4 0.30 3 0.30

Total Score 4.10 3.40

Rank 1 2

Continue? YES NO

RELATIVE

PERFORMANCE

RATING

Unacceptable 1

Less Acceptable 2

Acceptable 3

More Acceptable 4

Most Acceptable 5


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Table illustrates the Concept Scoring Matrix for Angular Kitchen Knife. The concepts

chosen from the previous process, Concept Screening will be further evaluated through

a finer rating scale, now a 1-5 rating scale due to the need for more additional resolution

to distinguish among competing concepts. The same criteria were used and the team

assigned weighs to each of them. The Ease of Use was given the highest weigh

because it represents the function of the product and the proposed mechanism should

be simple and easy to use. On the other hand, the Attractiveness was given the lowest

since the product is a necessity in the kitchen and therefore doesnt require too much

attention in its appearance.

The team gave rating to concepts with regards to the weight of each criterion. The

weighted score is computed by multiplying the given rating to the assigned weight then

it will be summed up to get the total score. Concept A got a total of 4.10 while Concept

B got only 3.40, and ranked as 1st and 2ndrespectively. The teams evaluation resulted

that A is the most promising concept to develop and will be continued for product

concept testing.

Product Specifications

Through the survey conducted, the proponents were able to gather data that leads

to identify the needs and wants of the customers. It is a vital part in establishing

specifications for the proposed product. Product Specifications is a detailed list of the

characteristics that identify an individual sampled product.


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Set Target Specifications

Understanding the needs of the potential consumers of the products, the

researchers must initially set target specifications of the product before proceeding to

production. In establishing specifications, list of needs is needed to be able to figure out

the possible features and functions of the product. The list of needs is given below.

Table 8

Customer Needs

No. NEED IMPORTANCE

1 Lightweight 5

2 Can easily be fold/transform 5

3 Portable 5

4 Multifunctional 5

5 Ergonomically designed 5

6 Affordable 5

7 Variety of sizes (15 and below) 4

8Can be maintained with readily availabletools

4

9 Last long time 5

Given the needs specified and comprehended by the users, the group analyzed

and generated these metrics that corresponds to each and every need:


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Table 9

List of Metrics

No. NEED IMPORTANCE1 Dimension 5

2 1 Mass 4

3 6 Price 5

4 1,2,3,4,5,7 Ergonomic issues 5

5 9 Durability 4

6 8 Maintenance 4

7 3,4,7 Functional Features 5

From the customer needs and the elements that correspond to these

requirements, a need-metric scale is established to show its relationship . Table 8

shows the Needs-Metrics Scale that corresponds to the correlation of the two. Level of

importance, however were taken from the analysis made from the establishment of

relative importance.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergonomicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maintenance,_repair_and_operationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maintenance,_repair_and_operationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergonomics


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Table 10

Needs-Metrics Matrix

METRIC

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Dimension

Mass

Price

Ergonomic

Issues

Durability

Maintenance

Functional

Features

NEED

1 Light in weight . .2

Can easily fold /transform .

3 Portable . .

4 Multifunctional . .

5Ergonomicallydesigned .

6 Affordable .7

Variety of sizes (15

and below) . .8

Can be maintainedwith readily availabletools

.

9 Last long time .

Table shows the relationship between the needs and its corresponding

metrics. A circle mark located on cells means that the need and the metric are

associated in a particular cell listed; performance relative to the metric will influence the

degree to which the product satisfies the customer needs.


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Table 4.10

Final Product Specifications

No. Metric Unit Value

1 Product Dimensions Inch Rattan Bag:

Height = 3

Width = 10.2

Length = 17.6

Table:

Height = 1.5

Width = 10

Length = 15

Stand:

Height = 1

Width = 0.5

Length = 10

2 Total Mass Gram

3 Price PhP

4 Ergonomic Issue Year5 Durability Subjective

6 Maintenance Subjective

7 Functional Features Subjective


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Table 4.10 presents the final product specifications of the Portable Case-Tab. After

the thorough evaluation of the chosen concepts in accordance to the established needs

of the customers, the group was able to generate the final product specifications.

Metric No.1 Product Dimensions

Rattan Bag:

Height = 3

Width = 10.2

Length = 17.6

Table:

Height = 1.5

Width = 10

Length = 15

Stand:

Height = 1

Width = 0.5

Length = 10

Metric No.2 Total mass

Rattan bag = 0.7kg

Table = 1.5kg


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Metric No. 3 Price

Less than or equal to 200

Concept Testing

After the concept generation process, the team was able to choose which concept to

pursue as part of product development that is the Portable Case-Tab having adjustable

stand with push-hold-move mechanism, multifunctional and portable. Concept Testing

is used to take into account peoples reaction to a basic idea of the product, helping in

making decisions such as pass/fail or go/no go. It forecasts the demand and analyzes

whether the product is actually ready to be launched.

Once the team had chosen a concept to pursue, the next is to choose the survey

population. The team had chosen the business entrepreneurs and students in Makati

and Mandaluyong, respectively. The group assumed that the result of the survey

performed reflects or is also the same with what the expected target market thinks

about the proposed product.

The group devised a survey form that has a short description of the proposed

product for the respondents to have an idea of it. Then a screener questions were

provided to determine whether they belong to the expected target market or not. To

measure customer responses, the team used the most common purchase-intent scale

which is classified into five response categories.


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PURCHASE INTENT SCALE

*Definitely would buy.

*Probably would buy.

*Might or might not buy.

*Probably would not buy

*Definitely would not buy.

Survey Result Entrepreneurs

Figure shows the result of the survey conducted on one hundred household

respondents. Among the one hundred respondents 14% confirmed that they would

definitely purchase the product while 42% said that they would probably purchase the

product. There are 36% respondents of the total respondents answered that they might

14%

42%

36%

4% 4%

Portable Case-Tab Concept Testing Survey)

Would definitely purchase

Would probably Purchase

Might or might not purchase

Would probably not purchase

Woul definitely not purchase


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or might not purchase the product. On the other hand, 4% respondents of the total

respondents would probably not purchase the product and 4% said that they would

definitely not purchase the Angular Kitchen Knife.

The survey concluded that if ever the Portable Case-Tab will be out of the market by

next year, there is a big possibility that the product will get the bigger portion of the cake

if it will be properly advertised and sell to the public.

After a brief discussion of all the data gathered from the previous survey, survey

results must be well interpreted. Based on the results of the survey we can now

estimate the demand of the product.

The formulas used are as follows:

Q = N x A x P

Where:

Q = quantity of the products expected to be sold during a period of time

N = number of potential customers expected to make purchase

A = fraction of potential customers

P = probability that the product is purchased if available

P = (C definitely x F definitely) + (C probably X F probably)

Where:

F definitely = fraction of survey respondents indicating that they would definitely

purchase

F probably = fraction of survey respondents indicating that they would probably

purchase


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C definitely = 0.4 (calibration constant established based on experience)

C probably = 0.2 (calibration constant established based on experience)

Therefore:

P = (C definitely x F definitely) + (C probably X F probably)

P = (0.4 x 0.27) + (0.2 x 0.35)

P = 0.178 or 17.8%

Q = N x A x P

Where:

N = 100 (from Concept Test Survey, number of respondents)

A = 0.62 (from Concept Test Survey, probably and definitely)

P = 0.178 (calculated)

Q = 100 x 0.62 x 0.178

Q = 11.036 unit

The team found out that there is 17.8 % probability that the Angular Kitchen Knife

will be purchased if available in the market and the team can sold 11.036 or 11 units in

a given period of time.

Product Architecture

Product architecture is the scheme by which the functional elements of the

product are arranged into physical chunks and by which the chunks interact.


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The researchers organized the product into several major physical building

blocks, which is called chunks. The chunks are then made up of a collection of

components that implemented the functions of the product.

The Portable Case-Tab is an innovative product that has screw and washer

mechanism to adjust the stand. In which the features are added to an laptop table to

make it a more ergonomically and fit customers demand.

Product Geometric Layout


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Part Dimension Function

Bag

Height = 3 inches

Width = 10 inches

Length = 17.6 inches

Use to place the things.

Table

Height = 10 inches

Width = 10 inches

Length = 15 inches

Use to keep things up from

the ground

Handle Length = 4 inches

Height = 1 inch

Holds the bag and helps

the user to be comfortable.

Strap Length = 54inches

Width = 1inch

Supports the bag and can

use to carry the bag using

the body


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Chunks Fundamental Functions

Part Function

Mouse pad To have a good use of

mouse

Air cooler To have a better cooling

system

Roller

To make the folding of

wood easy.

Washer


wood easy.


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Screw


wood easy.

Table 4.11 and 4.12 shows the parts and chunks fundamental functions of

Angular Kitchen Knife with its corresponding dimensions.

Industrial Design

Industrial design is another process of concept development that is use to improve

the aesthetics, ergonomics, and usability of a product.

Table 4.13

Assessing the Importance of Industrial Design for the Angular Kitchen Knife

Needs Level of Importance Explanation of Rating

Low Medium High


It easy to transform. In just a minuteyou hae a table for laptop

Portable

The product can be brought anywhereyou want.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aestheticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergonomicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_(business)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_(business)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergonomicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesthetics


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Multifunctional The table have many functions on it.

Ergonomically

designed

It is user-friendly. User will not getbody pains when using it

Affordable

Since the material is indegenious, theprice is quite big because raw

materials are not easy to acquire.

Can be

maintained withreadily availabletools

The quality of product is good but itstill depends on the user.

Last long time

The quality of product is good but itstill depends on the user.

Variety of sizes(15 and below)

The variety is only 15 and less.

Light weight

Since were promoting indigenousmaterial, the weight is quite heavy.


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Needs Level of Importance Explanation of Rating

Aesthetics Low Medium High

Pride ofownership,fashion,or image

The product was innovated toprovide ease of use. The teamdeveloped different feature for it toattract the customer to avail it.

Table was used to show the level of importance of each criterion on the two dimensions

that was considered. The team found out that both ergonomics and aesthetics are both

important for the proposed product. Accordingly, Industrial Design did intend play a

large role in determining many of the product specifications and functions.

Further Refinement and Final Concept Selection

The final refinement step presents the hand model of the product. At this stage,

the idea drawn from the thumbnail sketches and focuses it into a more intensive

drawing known as renderings. Renderings show the details of the design in two or

three dimensions creating a great deal of information about the product.

Unit Manufacturing Cost

Manufacturing cost in most businesses is a key determinant of the economic

success of the product. In simple terms, economic success depends on the profit


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margin earned on each sale of the product and on how many units of the product the

firm can sell. Economically successful design is therefore about ensuring high product

quality while minimizing manufacturing cost.

Unit manufacturing cost of a product consists of three categories: component

cost, overhead cost and labor cost. Component cost of a product may be named as

direct material cost. It refers to the cost of the parts of the product either standard or

custom parts that are purchased from the suppliers. Labor cost refers to the payment

rendered to the workers to produce the product in a given period of time. The group

chose to have the manufacturing in Antipolo, and therefore adapt the provincial wage

rate. Lastly, overhead cost is the category used to encompass all of the other costs as

shown below. Summing up the three categories will yield to total manufacturing cost per

unit.


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Material Cost

Component Price/Quantity

Wood Platform/

Stand

150 per piece (block) 120 per peice

(min.100 block)

Rattan 4 per peice (min.100)

Handle 16 per piece 10 per peice

(min.100)

Aircooler 250 200 per peice

(min.100)

Mouse pad 149.2 per peice

(min.100)

Strap 47 per peice

(min.100)

Washer 0.4 per peice

(min.100)

Roller 4 per piece

Screws 250 per 100

Labor Cost


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Process Table Bag Total Time Cost

Cutting Platform = 4 minutes

Stand = 8minutes

10 minutes 22 minutes 14.67

Weaving 0 20 minutes

(machine)

20 minutes 400,000

(machine cost)

Assembling

Attaching

20 minutes 10 minutes 30 minutes 20

20 minutes 20 minutes 13.33

Finishing 10 minutes 10 minutes 20 minutes 13.33

Total 52 minutes 65 minutes 112 minutes 74.67

Note that: Provincial Rate for Plantation = P320.00 per day with 8 working hours per

day.

Labor Cost = P320.00/day x 1day/8hours = P40.00/hour

Total Time per unit = 117mins. x 1hour/60mins. = 1.86 hours

Total labor Cost per Unit = P40.00/hour x 1.95hours = P78.00

Overhead Cost

Electricity/month = P4,000.00

Water/month = P1,000.00

Equipment P400,000 with expected depreciation of 2,880 days

Depreciation Cost = P400,000/ 2,880days = P138.88/day


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Expected Output per day = 4 bags per person and 30% of 1 bag

Total Overhead Cost per unit = P5,000/30 x .300 bag + P138.88/day = P177.64

Total Cost per unit = P277.76+ P138.88 + P177.64

Total Cost per unit = P594.28 = 594.50

Literature of the Product

How to Use

Portable Case-Tab like any other table is used to place the laptop away from the

floor. In contrast, this kind of table is different from those existing designs in terms of its

mechanism since it has an adjustable in different angles to give a more relaxed and

comfortable working position. Below are the steps to follow on how to use the Portable

Case-Tab

1. Open the bag

2. Lift up the flat form to use the table,

3. Adjust the angle and height of the stand of the table

4. Twist the mouse pad under the table if need.


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Longevity of the Product

Portable Case-Tab is made up of wood while its bag is made of rattan. These

ensures the durability and prolonged existence since the material possesses physical

properties such as corrosion resistance and heat resistance, high toughness, strength-

to-weight advantage, and ease of cleaning ability.

However, longevity of the product doesnt only depend on the quality of the

material content but it should also take into consideration the careful use of the product

by the user. That is, the user must be cautious and aware of safety precautions in

dealing with the product since it is a sharp object.

Generally, the prolonged existence of the product depends on both the quality of

the product and the way the user utilize it.


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Chapter 5

Recommendation

Based on the research presented in the previous chapters, the Portable Case-

Tab is proven feasible. That is, the product possesses characteristics that satisfy

customer needs such as quality, safety utilization, ergonomically designed, and good

aesthetics. In addition to, the group conducted a survey wherein the result showed that

the product is marketable and competitive to those existing ones since consumers were

in deed need and had the desire to utilize the newly designed product.

As a recommendation, the proponent must continue on pursuing a better way for

the products function, and developed more concise features. Considering all these

statements, the team may be able to fully-develop the product into something more

useful and convenient to its user and to the whole market as a whole.

feasiblity table

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