federal aviation administration v.1.04 presented by faa academy air traffic division initial...
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![Page 1: Federal Aviation Administration V.1.04 Presented by FAA Academy Air Traffic Division Initial Training Branch Air Traffic Basics 50043/50143 Forecasts and](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dc05503460f94ab457a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Federal AviationAdministration
V.1.04
Presented by
FAA Academy
Air Traffic Division
Initial Training Branch
Air Traffic Basics50043/50143
Forecasts and Advisories
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2Federal AviationAdministration
Forecasts and Advisories / V.1.04
Forecasts and Advisories
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3Federal AviationAdministration
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Lesson Objectives
On an End-of-Lesson Test, you will identify the contents and purpose of the following weather products:
1. Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF)
2. Area Forecast (FA)
3. Airman’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET)
4. Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET)
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Lesson Objectives (Cont’d)
5. Convective SIGMET (WST)
6. Center Weather Advisory (CWA)
7. Meteorological Impact Statement (MIS)
8. Winds and Temperatures Aloft Forecast (FB)
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Forecasts and Advisories / V.1.04
On an End-of-Lesson Test and without references, you will decode the following weather products:
1. Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF)
2. Area Forecast (FA)
3. Airman’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET)
4. Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET)
Lesson Objectives (Cont’d)
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5. Convective SIGMET (WST)
6. Center Weather Advisory (CWA)
7. Meteorological Impact Statement (MIS)
8. Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FB)
Lesson Objectives (Cont’d)
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Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF)Issuance
•WFO
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TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
TAF: Overview of Contents
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Type of ReportTYPE OF REPORT
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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ICAO Location Identifier
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
ICAO LOCATION IDENTIFIER
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Date & Time of OriginDATE AND TIME OF FORECAST ORIGIN GROUP
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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Valid Period VALID PERIOD
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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Wind GroupWIND GROUP
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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Visibility Group
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
VISIBILITY GROUP
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Forecasts and Advisories / V.1.04
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
Significant Weather GroupSIGNIFICANT WEATHER GROUP
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Cloud and Vertical Obscuration GroupsCLOUD AND VERTICAL OBSCURATION GROUPS
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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Non-Convective Low Level Wind Shear (LLWS) Group
LLWS GROUP
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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Response Item
A TAF is a concise statement of the expected meteorological conditions significant to aviation for a specified time period within _______.
A.5 SM of an airport’s runway complex
B.30 SM of an airport’s runway complex
C.an ARTCC’s airspace
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Response Item
Routine TAFs are _______.
A. unscheduled
B. issued every 4 hours
C. issued every 6 hours
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Response Item
Which forecast group is correct?
A.An amended 24-hour TAF valid from the 9th day of the month at 20Z to the 10th day of the month at 18Z
B.Ceiling 5,000 feet overcast
C.Low-level wind shear, wind at 2,000 feet, 180 degrees at 50 knots
TAF
KRWF 091724Z 0918/1018 13017G25KT 2SM –RA BR 0VC005 WS020/18050KT
<SNIP>
TAF
KRWF 091724Z 0918/1018 13017G25KT 2SM –RA BR 0VC005 WS020/18050KT
<SNIP>
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FM Change Indicator Group
FM CHANGE INDICATOR GROUP
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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FM Change Indicator Group Examples
FM010100 16008KT P6SM –RA OVC050
FM191430 00000KT P6SM SKC
“FROM THE 1ST AT 0100Z, WIND ONE SIX ZERO AT EIGHT, VISIBILITY MORE THAN 6, LIGHT RAIN, CEILING FIVE THOUSAND OVERCAST.”
“FROM THE 19TH AT 1430Z, WIND CALM, VISIBILITY MORE THAN SIX, SKY CLEAR.”
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Tempo Change Indicator GroupTEMPO CHANGE INDICATOR GROUP
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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TEMPO Change Indicator Group Examples
...28014G24KT 1SM -SN BLSN OVC010
TEMPO 1918/1922 1/4SM +SN BLSN OVC006
“WIND TWO EIGHT ZERO AT ONE FOUR GUSTS TWO FOUR, VISIBILITY ONE, LIGHT SNOW, BLOWING SNOW, CEILING ONE THOUSAND OVERCAST; TEMPORARILY BETWEEN THE 19TH AT 1800Z AND THE 19TH AT 2200Z, VISIBILITY ONE-QUARTER, HEAVY SNOW, BLOWING SNOW, CEILING SIX HUNDRED OVERCAST.”
...26012G22KT P6SM VCSH SCT030 BKN100
TEMPO 2721/2801 BKN030
“WIND TWO SIX ZERO AT ONE TWO GUSTS TWO TWO, VISIBILITY MORE THAN SIX, SHOWERS IN THE VICINITY, THREE THOUSAND SCATTERED, CEILING ONE ZERO THOUSAND BROKEN; TEMPORARILY BETWEEN THE 19TH AT 2100Z AND THE 28TH AT 0100Z, CEILING THREE THOUSAND BROKEN.”
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PROB30 GroupPROB30 GROUP
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC
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PROB30 Group Examples
...26017G25KT 6SM -SN OVC020 PROB30 0506/0512
3SM -SHSN OVC010
“WIND TWO SIX ZERO AT ONE SEVEN GUSTS TWO FIVE, VISIBILITY SIX, LIGHT SNOW, CEILING TWO THOUSAND OVERCAST; A THIRTY PERCENT PROBABILITY BETWEEN THE 5TH AT 0600Z AND THE 5TH AT 1200Z, VISIBILITY THREE, LIGHT SNOW SHOWERS, CEILING ONE THOUSAND OVERCAST.”
...16011KT P6SM BKN040 PROB30 1016/1022
3SM TSRA OVC020CB
“WIND ONE SIX ZERO AT ONE ONE, VISIBILITY MORE THAN SIX, CEILING FOUR THOUSAND BROKEN; A THIRTY PERCENT PROBABILITY BETWEEN THE 9TH AT 1600Z AND THE 9TH AT 2200Z, VISIBILITY THREE, THUNDERSTORM, RAIN, CEILING TWO THOUSAND OVERCAST CUMULONIMBUS.”
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Response Item
What TAF contraction denotes a significant change in most weather elements over a period of less than one hour?
A. FM
B. TEMPO
C. PROB30
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Response Item
TAF
KFSD 211130Z 2112/2212 15015KT 3SM TSRA FEW008 BKN015CB
FM211530 24015KT 6SM BR SCT015
TEMPO 2116/2118 5SM -SHRA BKN010
FM212000 18005KT 5SM HZ BKN050
FM212300 18005KT P6SM SCT100
FM220630 18015KT P6SM BKN080 OVC100 PROB30 2208/2210
1SM +TSRA BR BKN020CB=
When are light rain showers forecast to occur?
A. On the 21st between 1200Z to 1530Z
B. On the 21st between 1600Z to 1800Z
C. On the 22nd between 0800Z to 1000Z
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Response Item
What is the forecast flying category on the 15th at 0300Z?
A. VFR
B. VFR, temporary IFR
C. IFR
TAF
PAYA 142329Z 1500/1524 VRB03KT 6SM -SHRA VCFG BKN080
TEMPO 1500/1503 1/2SM –SHRASN FG VV008
FM150400 27008KT P6SM SCT020 BKN035 OVC050
TEMPO 1504/1508 -SHRA BKN020 OVC035
FM150900 23010KT P6SM -SHRASN BKN028 BKN045
FM151600 26005KT 3SM BR BKN012 BKN025 BKN050
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Response Item
What is the forecast visibility and weather on the 1st at 1400Z?
A. Visibility 1/4SM, fog
B. Visibility 3SM, mist, temporary visibility 1SM, mist
C. Visibility 1SM, mist, temporary visibility 1/4SM, fog
TAF
KFAT 311740Z 3118/0118 11003KT 1/4SM FG VV001
FM312000 VRB03KT 2SM BR SCT004
FM312200 VRB03KT 5SM HZ SKC
FM010300 VRB03KT 3SM BR SKC
TEMPO 0104/0108 1SM BR SCT002
FM010800 00000KT 1SM BR SCT002
TEMPO 0113/0117 1/4SM FG VV001
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Exercise 1: Decoding TAFs
TAF
KOKC 300534Z 3006/3106 15010KT 6SM BR SCT020 WS020/18040KT
FM300930 07006KT 1 1/2SM BR OVC008
TEMPO 3010/3014 1/2SM DZ FG VV005
FM301600 11012KT 5SM BR SCT015 BKN030
FM302100 09015KT 3SM –SHRA BR OVC010 PROB30 3021/3024
VRB24G35KT 1SM +TSRA BR OVC008CB
FM310100 02018G25KT 3/4SM -SN BR OVC008
FM310300 34024G30KT 3SM BR BKN010
FM310500 33016KT P6SM SKC