BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) IN ARCHITECTURE

BUILDING SCIENCE 2BLD 61303/ ARC 3413

PROJECT 2 INTEGRATION LIGHTING

NAME: SIEW JOHN LOONGSTUDENT ID: 0315871

LECTURER: MR. AZIM SULAIMAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………...1.1 OBJECTIVE…………………………………………......1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION & SITE

ANALYSIS………….

2.0 LIGHTING……………………………………………………..2.1 DAYLIGHTING …………………………………………2.2 ARTIFICIAL

LIGHTING………………………………….2.3 SPACE 1………………………………………………….

-PLAN……………………………………………………..-DAYLIGHT CONTOUR DIAGRAM……………………-LIGHT SPECIFICATION………………………………….-ARTIFICAL LIGHTING DIAGRAM…………………….-PSALI……………………………………………………..

2.4 SPACE 2…………………………………………………-PLAN……………………………………………………..-DAYLIGHT CONTOUR DIAGRAM……………………-LIGHT SPECIFICATION………………………………….-ARTIFICAL LIGHTING DIAGRAM…………………….-PSALI……………………………………………………..

3.0 REFERENCES

1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 OBJECTIVEThis project aims to understand the integration of lighting principles in the community library of Project Design Studio 5 which able to solve their design problems in relation to sustainability issues (natural lighting and site analysis). Students would be able to design spaces incorporating artificial and day lighting thus create good design by integrating lighting well.

1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION & SITE ANALYSISThe site is located in Petaling Street, Kuala Lumpur area which allows the people to have an issue of lacking a greenery node space for the communities. They need a free public space that brings them together through the activities and programme in a space. Therefore, community library is designed in the context where involved different communities to be gathered in a same space to having the chance of interaction within themselves and achieving the goal of making the site to be more happening by strengthen the bond between the people on the area.

Picture above shows the site location in Petaling Street where the facing the east to the back alley and to the west of the front main road.

2.0 LIGHTING2.1 DAYLIGHTING DAYLIGHT FACTOR The daylight factor is commonly used to determine the ratio of internal light level to external light level and is defined as follows:

DF = Ei x 100% Eo

Where:DF: Daylight factorEo: simultaneous outdoor illuminance on a horizontal place from an unobstructed hemisphere of overcast sky.Ei: illuminance due to daylight at a point on the inddor working plane.

According to MS 1525, Daylight factor distribution as below:Daylight factor, DF

DF, % Distribution>6 Very bright with thermal & glare

problem3-6 Bright1-3 Average0 Dark

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTINGArtificial lighting is defined as any light that does not come from the sunlight which is a technical instruments that generate the light through the electrical energy. Artificial lighting is required for each space as substitute light as we do not receive the sunlight in 24 hours.

2.3 INDOOR READING ROOM (SPACE 1)DAY LIGHTINGThe selected area, indoor reading area located at first floor is selected to be studied for day lighting. This area is partially surrounded with curtain wall glass which allow light penetration to be applied to the area. A lot of light is needed to light the space up as it allows people to read books comfortably. If the daylight is sufficient to light the place up, less artificial light is needed and therefore less energy is required.

PLAN

DAYLIGHT FACTOR CALCULATIONFloor Area 15MX10M=150m2

Area of façade that exposed to sunlight

15MX4M=60m2

Area of skylight 0Exposed façade & skylight area to floor area ration/daylight, DF

(Area of façade that exposed to sunlight + area of skylight)/ floor area=(60m2+0m2)/150m2 x 100%=40%

Daylight Factor= 4.0%

Natural Illumination CalculationIlluminance Example120000 lux Brightest sunlight110000 lux Bright sunlight20000 lux Shade illuminated by entire clear

blue sky1000-2000 lux Typical overcast day, midday<200 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds,

midday400 lux Sunrise or sunset on clear day40 lux Fully overcast, sunset/sunrise< 1 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds,

sunset/ sunrise

Eo= 20000 luxDF = Ei x 100% Eo4 = Ei x 100% 20000Ei = 4 x 20000 100

= 800 lux

DAYLIGHTING CONTOUR DIAGRAM

The space does not receive much daylighting to reduce the glare of sunlight in the morning. The room receives an average of 800 lux of daylighting. The room receives more light through openings. Hence, this room requires the artificial light to light the room up.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTINGAccording to MS 1525, 2007 standards, the artificial lighting that needed to light up the indoor reading area is 300 lux. Type of luminaire used as shown below:LIGHT SPECIFICATIONSName of light Ceiling Mounted Panel Lamp

Type of light Artificial lightType of fixture Led Panel LightColour Rendering Index 80Type of luminaries Cool daylightPlacement CeilingLight output, lm 2800Voltage 220-240Rated colour temperature, K 4000

LUMEN METHOD CALCULATIONLocation Indoor Reading AreaTotal floor area (m2) (length)15M X (width)10M=150m2Lumen of lighting fixture, F (lux) 2800Height of luminaire (m) 4.0Work level (m) 0.8Mounting Height (Hm) 3.2Reflectance factors White plaster ceiling = 0.75

White plaster wall =0.50Room index/ RI (K) = (15X10)

3.2 (15+10)= 1.875

Utilisation Factor (UF) 0.6Maintenance Factor (MF) 0.8Standard illuminance by MS 1525 300Number of light required N= E x A

F x UF x MF

= 300 x 1502800 x 0.6 x 0.8

= 33.48= 33 Lamps

Spacing to height ratio 3.2m x 1.5= 4.8Fitting Layout by approximately (m)

Therefore, approximately 33 lamps = 3 rows of 11 lamps

Length of room = 15mWidth of room = 10mSpacing between each bulb (L)=15/11 = 1.36m

Spacing between each bulb (W)=10/3=3.33m

33 lamps are required for the space which is 3 rows of 11 luminaries each arranged accordingly so there is adequate light for the space to be lighted up with artificial lighting.

PERMANENT SUPPLEMENTARY ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING INTERIORS (PSALI)

The space receives natural light from the windows (left side). The red light will be turned on if the natural light is not strong while the orange and yellow lights will be turned on as the natural light cannot penetrate to the deeper space.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING CONTOUR

Diagram of contour diagram based on artificial lighting in space 11

PSALI SECTION IN THE DAY

PSALI SECTION IN THE NIGHT

2.3 GALLERY CAFETERIA (SPACE 2)DAY LIGHTING

The gallery cafeteria located at ground floor is selected to be studied for day lighting. This area is partially surrounded with curtain wall glass which allow light penetration to be applied to the area. A lot of light is needed to light the space up as it allows people to read books comfortably. If the daylight is sufficient to light the place up, less artificial light is needed and therefore less energy is required.PLAN

DAYLIGHT FACTOR CALCULATIONFloor Area 15.0M X 10.0M=150.0m2

Area of façade that exposed to sunlight

4.0M X10M=40.0m2

Area of skylight 0Exposed façade & skylight area to floor area ration/daylight, DF

(Area of façade that exposed to sunlight + area of skylight)/ floor area=(40.0m2+0m2)/150.0m2 x 100%=26.7%

Daylight Factor= 2.67%

Natural Illumination CalculationIlluminance Example120000 lux Brightest sunlight110000 lux Bright sunlight20000 lux Shade illuminated by entire clear

blue sky

1000-2000 lux Typical overcast day, midday<200 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds,

midday400 lux Sunrise or sunset on clear day40 lux Fully overcast, sunset/sunrise< 1 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds,

sunset/ sunrise

Eo= 20000 luxDF = Ei x 100% Eo2.67 = Ei x 100% 20000Ei = 2.67 x 20000 100

= 534 lux

DAYLIGHTING CONTOUR DIAGRAM

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTINGAccording to MS 1525, 2007 standards, the artificial lighting that needed to light up the gallery cafeteria is 300 lux. Type of luminaire used as shown below:

LIGHT SPECIFICATIONSName of light CoreLine Downlight

Type of light Artificial lightType of fixture Philips downlightColour Rendering Index 80Type of luminaries Warm whitePlacement CeilingLight output, lm 2100Voltage 230-240Power 22Rated colour temperature, K 3000

LUMEN METHOD CALCULATIONLocation Gallery CafeteriaTotal floor area (m2) (length) 15.0M X (width)

10.0M=150.0m2Lumen of lighting fixture, F (lux) 2100Height of luminaire (m) 4.0Work level (m) 0.8Mounting Height (Hm) 3.2Reflectance factors White plaster ceiling = 0.75

White plaster wall =0.50Room index/ RI (K) = (15.0 X 10.0)

3.2 (15.0+10.0)= 1.875

Utilisation Factor (UF) 0.55Maintenance Factor (MF) 0.8Standard illuminance by MS 1525 300Number of light required N= E x A

F x UF x MF

= 300 x 150.02100 x 0.55 x 0.8

= 48.7= 49 Lamps

Spacing to height ratio 3.2m x 1.0= 3.2Fitting Layout by approximately (m)

Therefore, approximately 49 lamps = 7 rows of 7 lamps

Length of room = 15.0mWidth of room = 10.0mSpacing between each bulb (L)=15.0/7= 2.14m

Spacing between each bulb (W)=10.0/7=1.43m

49 lamps are required for the space which is 7 rows of 7 luminaries each arranged accordingly so there is adequate light for the space to be lighted up with artificial lighting.

PERMANENT SUPPLEMENTARY

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING INTERIORS (PSALI)

The space receives natural light from the windows (left side). The red light will be turned on if the natural light is not strong while the orange and yellow lights will be turned on as the natural light cannot penetrate to the deeper space which is quite large in area.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING CONTOUR

Diagram of contour diagram based on artificial lighting in space 2

PSALI SECTION IN THE DAY

PSALI SECTION IN THE NIGHT

3.0 REFERENCE1. B science 2 project 2 report. (n.d.). Retrieved December 01,

2016, from https://issuu.com/zijianmesasuredrawing/docs/b-science-2-project-2b-report-2__1_

2. Building Science 2 - Project 2. (n.d.). Retrieved December 01, 2016, from https://issuu.com/jolenehor/docs/building_science_2_report___complet