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Page 1: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

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Page 2: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

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Page 3: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

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Page 4: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

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Page 5: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

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Page 6: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

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"!$��$���No. Title Page

1 Assessing The Provision of Public Open Spaces and Urban Design. Case Study : Dataran Kemerdekaan and Dataran Shah Alam, Section 14.

1

2 The Effectiveness of Traffic Calming toward Road Safety Planning in Bandar Puncak Alam

4

3 Public Perception on Affordable Housing for Middle-Income Group. Case Study: Perumahan Rakyat 1Malaysia (PR1MA), Percint 11, Putrajaya

7

4 Barriers in the Development of Malay Agricultural Settlement. Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur

12

5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities in Neighbourhood Areas to Encourage Social Interaction

15

6 Urban Residents Perceptions of Car-Free City. Case Study: Putrajaya City, Malaysia

19

7 School Location and Factors Affecting Parents’ Mode Choice to School

22

8 Impact of Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Development on the Surrounding Environment based on Community Perception. Case Study: MRT- Sungai Buloh, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

26

9 Impact of Recreational Parks on the Quality of Life of Residents. Case Study: Temerloh Town, Pahang, Malaysia

29

10 Island Tourism and Impacts on Physical Environment 32

11 Community Participation in Solid Waste Management: A Case Study in Taman Pinggiran Putra and Taman Sri Serdang, Subang Jaya, Selangor

34

12 A Review on Effectiveness of Urban Solid Waste Management in Selangor: A case study of Subang Jaya Municipal Council (MPSJ)

38

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Page 7: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

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���������������������������������(������������������ ���Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA Kampus Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Email: [email protected] *Corresponding author

Abstract: Majlis Perbandaran Subang Jaya (MPSJ) has implemented the composting program in Subang Jaya as an attempt to reduce the generation of household waste. The program involves communities to separate their household waste and composting. In this study, interviews were conducted with stakeholders from the Local Authority, Private Sector, and an academic institution. The findings from the interviews indicated that there are community acceptance and some participation from the households, however many households are not actively practicing waste separation and composting despite being supplied composting bins free of charge by the Local Authority. Other findings are that the publicity for composting program is still low while the composting or biomass facility set up under the Local Authority faces technical constraints such as the insufficient volume of biomass waste to operate efficiently. Keywords: Community Participation, Solid Waste Management, Biomass Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Siti Shaheera, S. and Siti Mazwin, K., Community Participation in Solid Waste Management: A Case Study in Taman Pinggiran Putra and Taman Sri Serdang, Subang Jaya, Selangor, in Issues in Urban, Rural and Regional Planning in Malaysia edited by Hashim, H, Nurul Najwa, M., and Ling, O.H.L, Center of Studies in Town and Regional Planning, UiTM Selangor, Puncak Alam campus, Malaysia

INTRODUCTION Lack of knowledge of effective waste management is a major issue in developing countries. According to Essuman (2017), a study in Gaborone found that even though citizens were aware of recycling and other sustainable waste-management techniques, this does not translate into participation in pro-environmental activities such as recycling initiatives. Kamaruddin et al (2018) also mentioned that there is a paradox between awareness and practice. In addition, a lack of interest towards the environment could bring a culture of non-community participation in the decision-making process which increases the lack of responsibility for pollution and waste (Yukalang et al. 2017; Omar and Kamaruddin 2012). Other authors also stated that the lack of community waste separation programme is due to barriers in communication or dissemination of information between municipalities and residents (K. G. Tiew et al 2015). The aim of this research is to obtain an insight into communities’ participation in Solid Waste Management (SWM) programme mainly composting activity within the case study area in Subang Jaya. Subang Jaya is a suburban city located in the Petaling District, Selangor. This research was conducted in Taman Pinggiran Putra and Taman Sri Serdang neighbourhood areas. The Subang Jaya City Council (MPSJ) chose composting as the method of recycling of food waste. The findings from this study can provide insights to MPSJ as the Local Authority in the implementation of a more efficient community waste management or sustainable waste management (SWM) programme. CASE STUDY AND METHODOLOGY

A survey of the respondents from the neighbourhoods in the study area was conducted. Questionnaires were distributed to households involved in the community waste management programme. The list of households involved was obtained from the Local Authority. Two hundred (200) respondents answered the questionnaire (a hundred respondents each from Taman Pinggiran Putra and Taman Sri Serdang). The length of residency of the respondents is shown in Table 1 while the result of their composting activities is shown in Table 2.

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Table 1: Length of Residency

Table 2: Composting Activity

Community Practice

Taman Pinggiran Putra (percent) Taman Sri Serdang (percent)

All the

Time Often Rarely Never

All the

Time Often Rarely Never

1. I provided my own bin for garbage 35 38 20 7 31 6 58 5

2. I give advice to people who do not manage garbage 0 37 43 20 1 22 56 21

3. I made a report to the PBT when there were waste management issues 0 3 87 10 0 24 72 4

4. I am involved in recycling programs in my residential area. 18 12 56 14 25 12 35 28

5. I recycle waste to get money 15 27 35 23 9 21 51 19

6. I recycle food waste to make compost. 35 46 14 5 46 27 15 2

7. I collected used cooking oil into the bottle for recycle 0 27 61 12 0 37 48 15

Structured interviews with key and experienced officers (staff with more than 10 years of working experience) were conducted to discuss the community waste management programme. There were two types of interview conducted which were the group interviews and the personal interviews. Both methods of interview were conducted to obtain a holistic perspective view of the topic (Hakim, 2000). The target respondents in the interviews were stakeholders involved in waste composting management from the Local Authority (MPSJ), from the private sector in waste management in Subang Jaya and from the University Community Transformation Centre (UCTC) in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). UPM is collaborating with MPSJ in establishing Serdang as an efficient Green Township. Secondary information obtained through these interviews cover information pertaining to the physical aspects of the site and composting activities by the stakeholders in the various programs related to waste management in Subang Jaya. The information obtained included personal details, management views and also respondents’ opinion regarding community composting activity under the waste management programme.

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ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION The findings from the survey regarding respondents’ actions towards SWM revealed several issues. Only 30 percent of the respondents in Taman Pinggiran Putra (TPP) and 37 percent of the respondents in Taman Sri Serdang (TSS) participated in recycling programs. This indicates that the majority rarely or never participates. Only 42 percent of the respondents in TPP and 30 percent of the respondents in TSS recycle waste to get money. It would be more worthwhile that with better awareness, any money obtained could be channelled to a charity and spur more people to view ‘waste to wealth” as “waste to wealth for charity”. However, 81 percent of the respondents from TPP and 73 percent of the respondents from TSS recycle food waste to make compost. This is an encouraging indicator that the Local Authority’s incentive of providing composting bins is a success. It also indicates that residents regard composting as beneficial. The findings from the interview with the stakeholders in the Local Authority revealed that composting activity by the community is important because it is the only way to treat the organic waste and turn it into energy. It can create a business opportunity and generate many benefits to the public. Some issues of concern were the lack of participation from residents, unstable organic waste supply, ‘non readiness’ of the public with the concept of ‘waste to wealth’ (because they lack knowledge about the benefits of waste and renewable energy) and the high cost involved in operation of the high technology biomass plant. The findings from the interview with the stakeholders from the private waste management company indicated that the community waste program is an important action towards a sustainable environment. Also mentioned were the high cost involved in maintaning a composting waste plant and the lack of community participation. The stakeholder from the educational institution (university) who collaborated with MPSJ in operating the composting waste plant said that waste management is very important and its success depends on community participation to achieve a sustainable waste management in the urban areas. At the same time, she also said that the government needs to promote and give more information to the public about the importance of managing their waste, how to recycle their waste and the types of waste suitable to be recycled and also to find more ways to promote the concept of ‘waste to wealth’ in helping people understand about Subang Jaya as a biomass city. The stakeholder also mentioned that some residents are not ready to adopt recycling as a daily activity and there is a general lack of interest. However, the interviewee mentioned that this program has a huge potential to improve in terms of technology and gain better participation among the community to practice sustainable waste management. However, this requires strict enforcement to ensure high level of community participation in SWM. The interviewee also highlighted the need for financial back up to support monitoring and evaluation of the program. Table 4.3: Comparison of Stakeholders Opinion Related to Community Participation in Community Waste

Management

Indicator Stakeholder Local Authority Private Sector Education Institution (UPM)

Community Involvement in Waste Management

•�Still low participation. •�The only way to treat

the organic waste. •�Create a business

opportunity and give many benefits to public.

•�Composting activity by individual or grouping.

•� Still low participation.

•� Important to implement by all residents especially in composting activity either individually or in a group.

•� Still low participation. •� Communities need to engage in

SWM to achieve sustainable waste management in the urban area.

•� Communities should be more serious about practicing SWM.

Advantage of Composting Program

•�The only way to treat the organic waste and turn it into energy.

•�Can create a business opportunity and give many benefits to public.

•�One of the ways to treat the organic waste and save the environment.

•� Recycling of waste is one of the good solution to lengthen the life span of current landfill site.

The effective-ness of Composting Activity

•�Still low but the state have a lot of potential.

•�Still low because not all people are involved in the program.

•� Still low participation. •� Still lack of publicity in informing

the program to the public.

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The Potential and Constraint in Composting Program

•�Lack of finance support because this program needs high and costly technology to be provided.

•�Lack of supply of organic waste issue.

•�Financial issues •�High cost to

maintain the technology and bio plant.

•� The public lacks knowledge about the benefits of waste and the importance of this program for renewable energy.

•� Biomass and composting programs have a huge potential to improve in terms of technology and involvement of the community to practice waste management.

Improvement Strategies

•�Government must identify ways to ensure that the community participate in SWM.

•�Organic waste must to be separated for effective waste management.

•�Local Authority and the public must take part in this program and introduce innovation in waste management to be successful.

•�Local Authority and residents need to have serious commitment to care for the environment.

•� The government needs to promote and give more information to the public about the importace of managing their waste.

•� Promote the concept of ‘waste to wealth’ to help people better understand SWM.

•� The enforcement needs to ensure that the communities participate in SWM.

•� The financial back up for monitoring and evaluation of program.

CONCLUSION The study revealed that majority of the respondents in the study area rarely participated in recycling programs, however a majority are involved in composting programme. It is suggested that this programme should continue and encouragement or more incentives to be introduced to improve participation. The findings from the interview of the stakeholders involved in community waste management from the local authority, private sector and education institution revealed several issues. The lack of community involvement or participation maybe due to public’s lack of interest, limited publicity about the programme to the residents and the lack of knowledge on the concept of ‘waste to wealth”. Second is the lack of participation from the community that can lead to the issue of inadequate supply for organic waste which is then linked to the cost of managing the high technology waste composting plant. However, all stakeholders believed that the community waste programme is important for environmental management and potentially successful if the Local Authority, the government and residents or communities work together to increase participation (financial support and composting activities) i.e. play a more active role, strive towards the concept of ‘waste to wealth’ for a better environment with better understanding and place more serious concern for SWM. REFERENCES D. Omar and S.M Kamaruddin (2012). Chapter 3, Solid Waste Management (SWM). Holistic Construction

Project Management. K.G Tiew; N.A Ahmad Basri; K.Watanabe; M. F. M. Abushammala; M.T Ibrahim (2015) Journal of Material

Cycles and Waste Management.July 2015, Volume 17, Issue 3, pp 598–605 Kamaruddin, SM; MH Sharif , A. Misni , P. Ahmad (2017) Biomass Initiative; Awareness and Practice: Case

study, Subang Jaya. Asian Journal of Quality of Life Vol 4 No 15 (2019): Jan / Apr. N Yukalang , B Clarke and K Ross (2017) Barriers to Effective Municipal Solid Waste Management in a

Rapidly Urbanizing Area in Thailand.Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14(9), 1013.

Page 11: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

GOLD SPONSOR YB Menteri Wilayah Persekutuan

SILVER SPONSORS

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SENARAI PENAJA SAMBUTAN ULANGTAHUN KE-50 & ALUMNI HOMECOMING 2019

PUSAT PENGAJIAN PERANCANGAN BANDAR DAN WILAYAH, UiTM List of Sponsors

50th Anniversary Celebration and 2019 Alumni Homecoming Center of Studies for Town and Regional Planning UiTM

Page 12: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities

MMajlis Sepetang Bersama Alumni REUNION HI-TEA LUCKY DRAW

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Page 13: Final Edited Issues in urban - Universiti Teknologi MARA · 2019-08-25 · Case Study: Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur 12 5 The Effectiveness of the Provision of Community Facilities