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Note-Taking Guide
Fire Department
Safety Officer
Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute University of Maryland
Steven T. Edwards
Spring 2009
Copyright© 2006 by the Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this book may by copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without written permission of the Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute.
The Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute of the University of Maryland is the State’s comprehensive training and education system for all emergency services. The Institute plans, researches, develops, and delivers quality programs to enhance the ability of emergency service providers to protect life, the environment, and property.
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 1-1Program Orientation
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.1
Student Performance Objectives
Given the information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe course components and student requirements.
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.2
Overview
Program IntroductionISO and HSO FunctionsSession Guide ComponentsStudent RequirementsSuccessful Completion of the Course
2
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.3
Program Introduction
Welcome to MFRIChallenges Facing Safety OfficersThe Drive for Professionalism in Emergency Services
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.4
ISO Functions (1 of 5)
General Functions of the Incident Safety Officer– Integrate the ISO with the incident management
system
– Create and use SOP-defined criteria for ISO response
– Ensure that the ISO is readily identifiable at the incident scene
– Obtain a situation status briefing from IC upon arrival
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.5
ISO Functions (2 of 5)
General Functions of the ISO– Monitor incident action plan, conditions, activities and
operations to determine whether they fall within the department’s risk management criteria
– Take action when the perceived risk is not within fire department risk management criteria
– Monitor incident scene and report to the IC the status of conditions, hazards, and risks
– Ensure use of a personnel accountability system
3
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.6
ISO Functions (3 of 5)
General Functions of the ISO– Offer judgment to the IC on control zones and no-
entry zones
– Evaluate motor vehicle incident scene traffic hazards and apparatus placement
– Monitor incident radio transmissions and stay alert to transmission barriers
– Ensure that the IC establishes an incident scene rehabilitation tactical level management component
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.7
ISO Functions (4 of 5)
General Functions of the ISO– Communicate to the IC the need for assistant safety
officers and/or technical specialists based on incident need, size, complexity, or duration
– Survey and evaluate the hazards associated with landing zones and interface with helicopters
– Identify the need for critical incident stress interventions and notify the IC
– If required to enter a hot zone or environment that is immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH), pair up with a partner and check in with the entry control officer.
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.8
ISO Functions (5 of 5)
Fire SuppressionEmergency Medical Services (EMS) OperationsTechnical RescueHazardous Material OperationAccident Investigation and ReviewPost Incident Analysis
4
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.9
HSO Functions (1 of 2)
Risk ManagementLaws, Codes, and StandardsTraining and EducationAccident Prevention Accident Investigation, Procedures, and ReviewRecords Management and Data Analysis
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.10
HSO Functions (2 of 2)
Apparatus and EquipmentFacility InspectionHealth MaintenanceOccupational Safety and HealthCritical Incident Stress ManagementPost-Incident Analysis
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.11
Student Requirements
Be Prepared to LearnAttend ClassRead the MaterialsDress Like an OfficerComplete Homework Assignments
5
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.12
Successful Completion
Attend all 10 SessionsMidterm Exam – 50 pointsFinal Exam – 50 pointsWritten Assignments – 20 Points70% is the Minimum Passing Grade for Each Component
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.13
Activity 1-1-1Student Introductions and Expectations
Pick a PartnerInterview Your PartnerIntroduce Your Partner to the Class
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.14
Student Performance Objectives
Given the information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe course components and student requirements.
6
FIRE 110-PPT-1-1.15
Review
Program IntroductionISO and HSO FunctionsSession Guide ComponentsStudent RequirementsSuccessful Completion of the Course
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 1-2Introduction to theSafety Officer Role
FIRE 110-PPT-1-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the role of the safety officer in today’s fire service environment.
FIRE 110-PPT-1-2-2
Overview
The Safety Officer: An OverviewHistoryFire Department Safety Officer TrendsThe Need for an Incident Safety Officer
2
FIRE 110-PPT-1-2-3
The Safety Officer:An Introduction
Health and Safety Officer (HSO) versusIncident Safety Officer (ISO)The ISO and the National Incident Management System
FIRE 110-PPT-1-2-4
History
Jennings Building CollapseWall WatchersMilitary and ManufacturingWilliams-Steiger Act
FIRE 110-PPT-1-2-5
Fire Department Safety OfficerTrends
NFPA 1500: Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health ProgramNFPA 1521: Fire Department Safety OfficerNIMS and the Incident Command System (ICS)
3
FIRE 110-PPT-1-2-6
The Need for anIncident Safety Officer
Empirical Study– Death and Injury Statistics– Workers’ Compensation
Image StudyThe Bottom Line
FIRE 110-PPT-1-2-7
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the role of the safety officer in today’s fire service environment.
FIRE 110-PPT-1-2-8
Review
The Safety Officer: An OverviewHistoryFire Department Safety Officer TrendsThe Need for an Incident Safety Officer
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 1-3Safety Concepts
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the concepts of safe operations at an incident.
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-2
Overview
Theory versus Reality: An Introduction to Safety ConceptsSafety in the Operational EnvironmentRisk Management
2
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-3
Theory versus Reality:An Introduction to Safety Concepts
Components of the Operational EnvironmentThe ISO and the National Incident Management System
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-4
Safety in theOperational Environment (1 of 3)Procedures– Procedures versus Guidelines– Procedure Development and Implementation– Qualities of a Good Procedure
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-5
Safety in theOperational Environment (2 of 3)Equipment– Departmental Mission and Equipment
Requirements– External Influences and Equipment Selection– Equipment Maintenance– The Right Equipment
3
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-6
Safety in theOperational Environment (3 of 3)Personnel– Training– Health– Attitude
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-7
Risk Management
Five-Step Risk Management– Hazard Identification– Hazard Evaluation– Hazard Prioritization– Hazard Control– Monitoring Hazards
Risk/Benefit Thinking
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-8
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the concepts of safe operations at an incident.
4
FIRE 110-PPT-1-3-9
Review
Theory versus Reality: An Introduction to Safety ConceptsSafety in the Operational EnvironmentRisk Management
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 2-1Guiding Regulations, Codes,
Laws, Standards, and Procedures
FIRE 110-PPT-2-1-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe the guiding publications that govern incident safety and the ISO.
FIRE 110-PPT-2-1-2
Overview
The PlayersDefining the Guiding PublicationsPublications that Affect the ISO
2
FIRE 110-PPT-2-1-3
The Players
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)Department of Homeland Security (DHS)Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
FIRE 110-PPT-2-1-4
Defining the Guiding Publications
RegulationsCodesStandardsLawsGuides
FIRE 110-PPT-2-1-5
Publications that Affect the ISO
NFPA 1500: Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health ProgramNFPA 1521: Fire Department Safety OfficerOSHA Title 29 CFR
3
FIRE 110-PPT-2-1-6
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe the guiding publications that govern incident safety and the ISO.
FIRE 110-PPT-2-1-7
Review
The PlayersDefining the Guiding PublicationsPublications that Affect the ISO
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 2-2Designing an
Incident Safety Officer System
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe how to design and implement an incident safety officer system.
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-2
Overview
ISO Design OverviewProactive ISO ResponsePreplanning the ISO ResponseWhere Does the ISO Come From?How Does the ISO Get the Job Done?
2
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-3
ISO Design Overview
Who Responds and Fills the ISO Role?What Types of Incidents Use an ISO?What Tools and Training Does an ISO need?
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-4
Proactive ISO Response
Proactive versus ReactiveBenefit of Early Involvement
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-5
Preplanning the ISO Response
Environmental ChangeFireground ActivityRelative Danger to Firefighters
3
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-6
Preplanning the ISO Response Overlapping the Graphs
Rate of Change in Fire Fireground Activity
Danger to FirefightersOverlapping the Graphs
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-7
Preplanning the ISO Response
When Does the ISO Respond?Automatic ISO Response– Residential or Commercial Fires– Wildland-Interface Fires– Specialty-Team Incidents– Target Hazard Incidents– Aircraft Incidents– Weather Extremes
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-8
Automatic ISO Delegation
Working IncidentsSpan of Control in Excess of ThreeMutual Aid RequestsFirefighter Down, Missing or InjuredIncident Command Discretion
4
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-9
Where Does the ISO Come From?
Training or Safety Officer(s) On CallHealth and Safety Committee MembersAll Eligible OfficersDedicated ISO
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-10
How Does the ISOGet the Job Done?
Define the ISO PlanTrain the ISOGive the FDISO Tools To Do the Job– Radio– High Visibility– Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)– Clipboard File Box– Miscellaneous
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-11
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe how to design and implement an incident safety officer system.
5
FIRE 110-PPT-2-2-12
Review
ISO Design OverviewProactive ISO ResponsePreplanning the ISO ResponseWhere Does the ISO Come From?How Does the ISO Get the Job Done?
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 2-3Professional Development
And Mastery
FIRE 110-PPT-2-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the skills and attitudes needed to succeed as an ISO.
FIRE 110-PPT-2-3-2
Overview
MasteryISO KnowledgeISO SkillsISO Attitude
2
FIRE 110-PPT-2-3-3
Mastery
EffectivenessEfficiencyLearning and Performance
FIRE 110-PPT-2-3-4
ISO Knowledge
Building ConstructionRisk/Benefit ConceptsFire BehaviorFirefighter PhysiologyHazardous EnergyIncident Management Systems
FIRE 110-PPT-2-3-5
ISO Skills
Cognitive versus Psychomotor SkillsKnowledge Gained Through ExperienceHazard ReductionProblem Solving
3
FIRE 110-PPT-2-3-6
ISO Attitude
Walking the WalkSafety From the Top Down
FIRE 110-PPT-2-3-7
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the skills and attitudes needed to succeed as an ISO.
FIRE 110-PPT-2-3-8
Review
MasteryISO KnowledgeISO SkillsISO Attitude
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 3-1Reading Buildings
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of evaluating buildings for potential collapse.
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-2
Overview
Key TopicsConstruction ClassificationsPredicting CollapseOther Collapse Concerns
2
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-3
Key Topics
Imposition and Resistance of LoadsCharacteristics of Building MaterialsStructural Elements
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-4
Construction ClassificationsThe Five Types of Buildings
Type I: Fire-ResistiveType II: NoncombustibleType III: OrdinaryType IV: Heavy TimberType V: Wood Frame
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-5
Construction ClassificationsOther Construction Types
Lightweight SteelInsulated Concrete Forming (ICF)Structural Insulated Panels (SIP)
3
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-6
Predicting Collapse
Classifying the Type of ConstructionDetermining Structural InvolvementVisualizing and Tracing LoadsEvaluating TimePredicting and Communicating the Collapse Potential
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-7
Other Collapse Concerns
Buildings Under ConstructionRestoration and Remodeling
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-8
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of evaluating buildings for potential collapse.
4
FIRE 110-PPT-3-1-9
Review
Key TopicsConstruction ClassificationsPredicting CollapseOther Collapse Concerns
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 3-2Reading Smoke
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of reading smoke to predict fire behavior.
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-2
Overview
Smoke DefinedHostile Fire EventsVolume, Velocity, Density, and ColorOther Factors that Influence SmokeReading Smoke: The Three-Step Process
2
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-3
Smoke Defined
Properties of SmokeProperties of Smoke GasesUnder-Ventilated Fires
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-4
Hostile Fire Events
FlashoverBackdraftSmoke ExplosionRapid Fire Spread
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-5
Volume, Velocity, Density, and Color
VolumeVelocityDensityColor
3
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-6
Other Factors that Influence Smoke
WeatherThermal BalanceContainer SizeFirefighting Efforts
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-7
Reading Smoke:The Three-Step Process
Compare Different OpeningsAnalyze Contributing FactorsDetermine the Rate of Change
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-8
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of reading smoke to predict fire behavior.
4
FIRE 110-PPT-3-2-9
Review
Smoke DefinedHostile Fire EventsVolume, Velocity, Density, and ColorOther Factors that Influence SmokeReading Smoke: The Three-Step Process
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 3-3Reading Risk
FIRE 110-PPT-3-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe the process of reading risk and determining risk acceptability.
FIRE 110-PPT-3-3-2
Overview
Firefighter Risk TakingRisk-Taking ValuesSituational Awareness
2
FIRE 110-PPT-3-3-3
Firefighter Risk Taking
Danger versus RiskArbitrary versus Intellectual Aggressiveness Predictable Danger Recognition
FIRE 110-PPT-3-3-4
Risk-Taking Values
Community ExpectationsFire Service StandardsDepartmental Values and Skills
FIRE 110-PPT-3-3-5
Situational Awareness
The Brunacini ApproachValue-Time-Size ApproachThe ISO’s Read-Risk Approach
3
FIRE 110-PPT-3-3-6
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe the process of reading risk and determining risk acceptability.
FIRE 110-PPT-3-3-7
Review
Firefighter Risk TakingRisk-Taking ValuesSituational Awareness
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 4-1Reading Hazardous Energy
FIRE 110-PPT-4-1-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of reading hazardous energy sources and the risk posed to firefighters.
FIRE 110-PPT-4-1-2
Overview
Defining Hazardous EnergyForms of Hazardous Energy
2
FIRE 110-PPT-4-1-3
Defining Hazardous Energy
Stored Potential EnergyDegree of Potential ImpactStability or Instability
FIRE 110-PPT-4-1-4
Forms of Hazardous Energy
ElectricityUtility GasUtility Water and Storm Sewer SystemsMechanical EnergyPressurized Systems and Vessels
FIRE 110-PPT-4-1-5
Forms of Hazardous Energy
Hazardous Energy in VehiclesWeather– Wind– Humidity– Temperature– Potential for Change/Storms
Miscellaneous Hazardous Energy Forms
3
FIRE 110-PPT-4-1-6
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe the process of reading hazardous energy sources and the risk posed to firefighters.
FIRE 110-PPT-4-1-7
Review
Defining Hazardous EnergyForms of Hazardous Energy
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 4-2Reading Firefighters
FIRE 110-PPT-4-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe the process of reading firefighters for signs of overexertion.
FIRE 110-PPT-4-2-2
Overview
Is Reading Firefighters Possible?ErgonomicsFirefighter PhysiologyRehabilitation Efforts – The Four R’s
2
FIRE 110-PPT-4-2-3
Is Reading Firefighters Possible?
The Overexertion SetupOverexertion ResistanceOverexertion Realities
FIRE 110-PPT-4-2-4
Ergonomics
Ergonomic Stressors– The Physical Environment– The Relationships to the Worker– The Task
Ergonomic Abatement Strategies– Awareness– Accommodation– Acclimation
FIRE 110-PPT-4-2-5
Firefighter Physiology
Thermal Stress– Heat Stress– Cold Stress– Fighting Thermal Stress
HydrationFuel Replacement– Cell Theory– Re-Hydration– Eating Cycle at Incidents
3
FIRE 110-PPT-4-2-6
Rehabilitation EffortsThe Four R’s
RestRe-HydrationRx (Medical Monitoring and Treatment)Refueling
FIRE 110-PPT-4-2-7
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of reading firefighters for signs of overexertion.
FIRE 110-PPT-4-2-8
Review
Is Reading Firefighters Possible?ErgonomicsFirefighter PhysiologyRehabilitation Efforts – The Four R’s
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 4-3Triggers, Traps and Working
Within Incident Command Systems
FIRE 110-PPT-4-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of triggering safe behaviors, avoiding ISO traps, and working effectively within incident command systems.
FIRE 110-PPT-4-3-2
Overview
TriggersTrapsWorking Within Command Systems
2
FIRE 110-PPT-4-3-3
Triggers
VisibilityExampleSoft InterventionFirm Intervention
FIRE 110-PPT-4-3-4
Traps
The Bunker CopThe CYA ModeThe Worker
FIRE 110-PPT-4-3-5
Working Within Command Systems
Incident Command Systems– Authority– Communications– Solution-Driven Approach
The National Incident “Typing” Scheme
3
FIRE 110-PPT-4-3-6
Working Within Command Systems
Expanding the ISO Function Within the IMS– ICS/NIMS Language– Local-Level ISO Expansion– Further ISO Expansion Options
The ISO as Part of the National Response Plan
FIRE 110-PPT-4-3-7
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of triggering safe behaviors, avoiding ISO traps, and working effectively within incident command systems.
FIRE 110-PPT-4-3-8
Review
TriggersTrapsWorking Within Command Systems
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 5-1A Basic Approach to ISO Duties
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of developing an approach to performing all of the ISO duties in a systematic manner.
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-2
Overview
Getting Started IssuesChecklistsAction ModelsThe ISO Arrival ProcessGeneral ISO Duties
2
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-3
Getting Started Issues
Systematic ApproachSetting PrioritiesFDSOA Issues StudyProactive vs. Reactive
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-4
Checklists
BenefitsDisadvantagesTemplatesDesign Considerations
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-5
Action Models
Cyclic ThinkingThe ISO Action Model– Resources– Reconnaissance– Risk– Report
3
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-6
The ISO Arrival Process
Confirm ISO AssignmentCollect InformationConfirm Communications LinksDon Appropriate Identification and PPE
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-7
General ISO Duties
Monitor the IncidentAddress Personnel Safety Systems– Personnel Accountability Systems– Need for Control Zones– Radio Transmissions– Rehab Effectiveness
Define Other Needs
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-8
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of developing an approach to performing all of the ISO duties in a systematic manner.
4
FIRE 110-PPT-5-1-9
Review
Getting Started IssuesChecklistsAction ModelsThe ISO Arrival ProcessGeneral ISO Duties
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 5-2The ISO at Structure Fires
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe ISO operations at structure fires.
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-2
Overview
ISO Duties at Structure FiresApplying the ISO Action Model at Structure FiresUnique Considerations at Structure Fires
2
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-3
ISO Duties at Structure Fires
Monitoring Issues at Structure Fires– Risk– Operational Effectiveness
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-4
ISO Duties at Structure Fires
Personal Safety System Issues at Structure Fires– Accountability Systems– Control Zones– Radio Transmissions– Rehab
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-5
ISO Duties at Structure Fires
Defining Other Needs at Structure Fires– Traffic– Need for ISO Assistance
3
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-6
Applying the ISO Action Modelat Structure Fires
Risk Evaluation at Structure FiresRecon Evaluation at Structure Fires– Defining the Principal Hazard– Defining Environmental Integrity– Defining Physical Surroundings– Crew Exposure to Hazards
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-7
Applying the ISO Action Modelat Structure Fires
Resource Evaluation at Structure Fires– Time– Personnel– Equipment
Report Issues at Structure Fires
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-8
Unique Considerationsat Structure Fires
Residential versus Commercial FiresBuildings with Central Hallways and StairwellsStrip MallsHigh-Rise Buildings– ISO Functions at High-Rise Incidents– Assistant Safety Officer Functions
4
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-9
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe ISO operations at structure fires.
FIRE 110-PPT-5-2-10
Review
ISO Duties at Structure FiresApplying the ISO Action Model at Structure FiresUnique Considerations at Structure Fires
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 5-3The ISO at Wildland and
Interface Fires
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe ISO operations at wildland and interface fires.
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-2
Overview
ISO Duties at Wildland FiresApplying the ISO Action Model at Wildland FiresUnique Considerations at Wildland Fires
2
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-3
ISO Duties at Wildland Fires
Monitoring Issues at Wildland Fires– Risk– Operational Effectiveness
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-4
ISO Duties at Wildland Fires
Personal Safety System Issues at Wildland Fires– Accountability Systems– Control Zones– Rehab
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-5
ISO Duties at Wildland Fires
Defining Other Needs at Wildland Fires– Traffic– Need for ISO Assistance
3
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-6
Applying the ISO Action Modelat Wildland Fires
Risk Evaluation at Wildland FiresRecon Evaluation at Wildland Fires– Defining the Principal Hazard– Defining Environmental Integrity– Defining Physical Surroundings– Crew Exposure to Hazards
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-7
Applying the ISO Action Modelat Wildland Fires
Resource Evaluation at Wildland Fires– Time– Personnel– Equipment
Report Issues at Wildland Fires
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-8
Unique Considerationsat Wildland Fires
Interface with AircraftIncident Escalation
4
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-9
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe ISO operations at wildland and interface fires
FIRE 110-PPT-5-3-10
Review
ISO Duties at Wildland FiresApplying the ISO Action Model at Wildland FiresUnique Considerations at Wildland Fires
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 6-1The ISO at Hazmat Incidents
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe ISO operations at hazmat incidents.
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-2
Overview
ISO Duties at the Hazmat IncidentApplying the ISO Action Model at Hazmat IncidentsUnique Considerations at the Hazmat Incident
2
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-3
ISO Duties at Hazmat Incidents
Monitoring Issues at Hazmat Incidents– Risk– Operational Effectiveness
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-4
ISO Duties at Hazmat Incidents
Personal Safety System Issues at Hazmat Incidents – Accountability Systems– Control Zones– Radio Transmissions– Rehab
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-5
ISO Duties at Hazmat Incidents
Defining Other Needs at Hazmat Incidents– Traffic– Need for ISO Assistance
3
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-6
Applying the ISO Action Modelat Hazmat Incidents
Risk Evaluation at Hazmat IncidentsRecon Evaluation at Hazmat Incidents– Defining the Principal Hazard– Defining Environmental Integrity– Defining Physical Surroundings– Crew Exposure to Hazards
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-7
Applying the ISO Action Modelat Hazmat Incidents
Resource Evaluation at Hazmat Incidents– Time– Personnel– Equipment
Report Issues at Hazmat Incidents
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-8
Unique Considerationsat the Hazmat Incident
Clandestine Drug LabsWeapons of Mass Destruction
4
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-9
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe ISO operations at hazmat incidents.
FIRE 110-PPT-6-1-10
Review
ISO Duties at the Hazmat IncidentApplying the ISO Action Model at Hazmat IncidentsUnique Considerations at the Hazmat Incident
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 6-2The ISO at
Technical Rescue Incidents
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe ISO operations at technical rescue incidents.
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-2
Overview
ISO Duties at the Technical Rescue IncidentConsiderations at Specific Technical Rescue Incidents
2
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-3
ISO Duties atTechnical Rescue Incidents
Monitoring Issues at Tech-Rescue Incidents– Risk– Operational Effectiveness
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-4
ISO Duties atTechnical Rescue Incidents
Personal Safety System Issues at Tech-Rescue Incidents – Accountability Systems– Control Zones– Radio Transmissions– Rehab
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-5
ISO Duties atTechnical Rescue Incidents
Defining Other Needs at Tech-Rescue Incidents– Traffic– Need for ISO Assistance
3
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-6
Considerations at SpecificTechnical Rescue Incidents
Building Collapse– Technical Assistance– Air Monitoring
Industrial EntrapmentCave-InsWater Rescues
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-7
Considerations at SpecificTechnical Rescue Incidents
High Angle RescuesConfined Space RescuesRoadway/Transportation Incidents– Roadway Incidents– Railway/Subway Incidents
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-8
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe ISO operations at technical rescue incidents.
4
FIRE 110-PPT-6-2-9
Review
ISO Duties at the Technical Rescue IncidentConsiderations at Specific Technical Rescue Incidents
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 6-3Post-Incident Responsibilities
FIRE 110-PPT-6-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe ISO post-incident activities and responsibilities.
FIRE 110-PPT-6-3-2
Overview
Post-Incident ActivitiesPost-Incident Analysis (PIA)Accident Investigation
2
FIRE 110-PPT-6-3-3
Post-Incident Activities
Post-Incident Thought PatternsChemical Imbalance
FIRE 110-PPT-6-3-4
Post-Incident Analysis (PIA)
PIA PhilosophyISO PIA Issues– General Risk Profile of the Incident– Effectiveness of Crew Tracking and
Accountability– Rehabilitation Effectiveness– Personal Protective Equipment Use– Close Calls– Injury Status
FIRE 110-PPT-6-3-5
Post-Incident Analysis
PIA Process– On-Scene– Documentation– Trend Spotting
3
FIRE 110-PPT-6-3-6
Accident Investigation
Introduction to Accident InvestigationInvestigation IssuesThe Investigation Process– Information Collection– Analysis and Reconstruction– Recommendations
FIRE 110-PPT-6-3-7
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe ISO post-incident activities and responsibilities.
FIRE 110-PPT-6-3-8
Review
Post-Incident ActivitiesPost-Incident Analysis (PIA)Accident Investigation
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 7-1ISO Review
FIRE 110-PPT-7-1-1
ISO Review
Brief review of the Incident Safety Officer materials prior to Midterm exam
FIRE 110-PPT-7-1-2
ISO Review
1-2 Introduction to the Safety Officer Role1-3 Safety Concepts2-1 Guiding Regulations, Codes, Laws, Standards, and Procedures2-2 Designing an Incident Safety Officer System2-3 Professional Development and Mastery
2
FIRE 110-PPT-7-1-3
ISO Review
3-1 Reading Buildings3-2 Reading Smoke3-3 Reading Risk4-1 Reading Hazardous Energy4-2 Reading Firefighters
FIRE 110-PPT-7-1-4
ISO Review
4-3 Triggers, Traps, and Working Within Incident Command Systems5-1 A Basic Approach to ISO Duties5-2 The ISO at Structure Fires5-3 The ISO at Wildland and Interface Fires
FIRE 110-PPT-7-1-5
ISO Review
6-1 The ISO at Hazmat Incidents6-2 The ISO at Technical Rescue Incidents6-3 Post-Incident Responsibilities
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 7-3Introduction to Emergency Services
Occupational Safety and Health
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, hand-outs, and reading materials, describe the history and current state of occupational safety and health in emergency services.
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-2
Overview
The History of Occupational Safety and Health in IndustryThe History of Emergency Services Safety and HealthIdentification of the Safety ProblemReview of Current National Injury StatisticsWhat is Being Done to Improve Firefighter Safety?Are Current Safety Programs Effective?
2
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-3
The History of Occupational Safety and Health in Industry
Over history, workers have faced work-related injuries and illnessesU.S. Worker Protection Laws - early 1900sOSHA - 1970
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-4
The History of Emergency ServicesSafety and Health
America Burning – 1973NFPA Annual Firefighter Injury and Death Reports - 1974NFPA 1500 – 1987NIOSH Fire Fighter Fatality Program -1998
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-5
Identification of the Safety Problem
National Fire Protection AssociationUnited States Fire AdministrationInternational Association of Fire FightersOccupation Safety and Health AdministrationNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
3
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-6
Review of CurrentNational Injury Statistics
Injuries by Type of DutyNature of InjuriesFireground Injuries by CauseAverage Number of Fire and Fireground Injuries per Department by Population
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-7
What is Being Done To Improve Firefighter Safety?
NFPA 1500 - SAFEOPS– Supervision– Attitude– Fitness/Wellness– Education– Organizational Involvement– Procedures– Standards/Regulations
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-8
Are Current Safety Programs Effective?
Rates of Injuries, Illnesses and Fatalities ConstantExisting Programs Being EvaluatedNew Programs/Processes/Technologies Being Developed
4
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-9
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the history and current state of occupational safety and health in emergency services.
FIRE 110-PPT-7-3-10
Review
The History of Occupational Safety and Health in IndustryThe History of Emergency Services Safety and HealthIdentification of the Safety ProblemReview of Current National Injury StatisticsWhat is Being Done To Improve Firefighter Safety?Are Current Safety Programs Effective?
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 8-1Review of Safety-Related
Regulations and Standards
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the regulatory and consensus standards environment governing occupational safety and health programs for emergency services organizations.
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-2
Overview
Regulations versus StandardsStandard of CareOccupational Safety and Health Administration RegulationsNFPA StandardsOther Related Standards and Regulations
2
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-3
Regulations versus Standards
RegulationsStandards
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-4
Standards of Care
Firefighting Safety Expectations are relatively newNFPA Standards Create a BaselineStandards are Refined as Procedures and Practices are RefinedStandards Change as Technology Changes
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-5
Occupational Safety and Health Regulations
OSHA 1910.146—Permit-Required Confined SpacesOSHA 1910.134—Respiratory ProtectionOSHA 1910.120—Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER)
3
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-6
Occupational Safety and Health Regulations
OSHA 1910.156—Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne PathogensOSHA General Duty Requirements
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-7
NFPA Standards
NFPA 1500: Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program NFPA 1521: Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer NFPA 1561: Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management SystemNFPA 1581: Standard on Fire Department Infection Control Program
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-8
NFPA Standards
NFPA 1582: Standard on Comprehensive Occupational Medical Program for Fire DepartmentsNFPA 1583: Standard on Health-Related Fitness Programs for Fire FightersNFPA 1584: Standard on the Rehabilita-tion Process for Members During Emergency Operations and Training Exercises
4
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-9
NFPA Standards
NFPA 1710: Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Career Fire Departments NFPA 1720: Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Volunteer Fire Departments Other NFPA Standards
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-10
Other Related Standards and Regulations
American National Standards InstituteAmerican Society of Testing and MaterialsEnvironmental Protection AgencyCenters for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRyan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency Act of 1990, Subtitle B
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-11
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the regulatory and consensus standards environment governing occupational safety and health programs for emergency services organizations.
5
FIRE 110-PPT-8-1-12
Review
Regulations versus StandardsStandard of CareOccupational Safety and Health Administration RegulationsNFPA StandardsOther Related Standards and Regulations
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 8-2Risk Management
FIRE 110-PPT-8-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the role of risk management in an occupational health and safety program.
FIRE 110-PPT-8-2-2
Overview
Risk IdentificationRisk EvaluationRisk Control
2
FIRE 110-PPT-8-2-3
Risk Identification
Local ExperienceIdentification of TrendsSafety Audit
FIRE 110-PPT-8-2-4
Risk Evaluation
FrequencySeverity– Costs– Organizational Impact
Frequency and Severity Together
FIRE 110-PPT-8-2-5
Risk Control
Risk AvoidanceRisk Reduction– Interrupting the Accident Sequence– The Haddon Matrix
Risk Transfer– Workers’ Compensation Insurance– Management Liability– Vehicle Insurance
3
FIRE 110-PPT-8-2-6
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the role of risk management in an occupational health and safety program.
FIRE 110-PPT-8-2-7
Review
Risk IdentificationRisk EvaluationRisk Control
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 8-3Pre-Incident Safety
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of managing risk through a pre-incident safety program.
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-2
Overview
Station ConsiderationsApparatus SafetyResponse SafetyPre-Incident PlanningSafety in TrainingEmployee Wellness and FitnessInteragency Considerations
2
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-3
Station Considerations
DesignOngoing Operational Concerns– Annual Inspections– Daily Inspections– Departmental Procedures
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-4
Apparatus Safety
DesignOngoing Operational Concerns– Preventive Maintenance Program– Daily Checks– Recordkeeping– Departmental Procedures
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-5
Response Safety
Driver/Operator Qualifications– Selection– Training– Capabilities
Emergency vs. Non-Emergency ResponseState LawDepartmental Procedures
3
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-6
Pre-Incident Planning
NFPA 1620: Recommended Practice for Pre-Incident PlanningRisk Reduction Through PlanningPlanning PrioritiesEMS Planning
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-7
Safety In Training
Rate of Training Injuries and FatalitiesNFPA 1403: Standard on Live Fire Training EvolutionsNFPA 1410: Standard on Training for Initial Emergency Scene OperationsEMS Training
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-8
Employee Wellness and Fitness
Medical FitnessPhysical FitnessEmotional Fitness
4
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-9
Interagency Considerations
National Incident Management SystemMutual Aid ConsiderationsUnified Command
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-10
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process of managing risk through a pre-incident safety program.
FIRE 110-PPT-8-3-11
Review
Station ConsiderationsApparatus SafetyResponse SafetyPre-Incident PlanningSafety in TrainingEmployee Wellness and FitnessInteragency Considerations
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 9-1Personnel Roles and
Responsibilities
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe roles and responsibilities of the various personnel involved in occupational safety and health.
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-2
Overview
Individual RespondersSupervisorsEmergency Service ManagementIncident CommandersHealth and Safety Officers (Safety Program Managers)Incident Safety OfficersThe Safety Committee
2
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-3
Individual Responders
RoleAttitudesTraining
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-4
Individual Responders
Do Be:– An active team player– A good communicator– A leader– Aware of surroundings– A responder who works within personal
abilities– Together with your team– A responder with a safety attitude
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-5
Individual Responders
Don’t Be– Preoccupied– Complacent– Surprised– A responder that tries to perform beyond
personal abilities– A responder that thinks it can’t happen to me
3
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-6
Supervisors
Crew SafetyExperience and EducationAttitudes
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-7
Emergency Service Management
Program PriorityProgram ResourcesSafety Policy and Procedures
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-8
Incident Commanders
The ICS and SafetyRisk/Benefit AnalysisStrategy and SafetyRecognition-Primed Decision-Making (RPD)
4
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-9
Health and Safety Officers (HSOs)(Safety Program Managers)
NFPA 1521: Qualifications and ResponsibilitiesNFPA 1500: Program Requirements
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-10
Incident Safety Officers (ISOs)
NFPA 1521 Qualifications and ResponsibilitiesISO/HSO Interface
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-11
The Safety Committee
Employee/Member InvolvementManagement InterfaceOversight of the Safety Program
5
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-12
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe roles and responsibilities of the various personnel involved in occupational safety and health.
FIRE 110-PPT-9-1-13
Review
Individual RespondersSupervisorsEmergency Service ManagementIncident CommandersHealth and Safety Officers (Safety Program Managers)Incident Safety OfficersThe Safety Committee
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 9-2Safety Program
Development and Management
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the essential elements required for a successful occupational safety and health program.
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-2
Overview
The Essential Elements of a Safety and Health ProgramSetting Goals and Objectives of a ProgramAction PlanningCost/Benefit AnalysisTraining and the Safety and Health ProgramDeveloping Standard Operating Procedures and Safety Policies
2
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-3
Essential Elements
NFPA 1500 RequirementsManagement CommitmentResource Requirements
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-4
Setting Goals and Objectives
Goals– Are developed by the HSO and the Safety
Committee– Must contain certain elements to be
successfulBroadMeasurableSpecific Time Frame
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-5
Setting Goals and Objectives
Objectives– Must tie to a goal– Must contain certain elements to be
successfulBe clearDeal with one specific activityBe measurableSpecify a time frame that is obtainable
3
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-6
Action Planning
Identify Steps to Meet an ObjectiveIdentify Who is ResponsibleIdentify a Completion DateIdentify Resources to be Used
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-7
Cost/Benefit Analyses
Define the relationship of cost to benefitQuantify riskHelp to set priorities
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-8
Training
Relationship of Training to SafetyAbility to Change Organizational Culture
4
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-9
Developing Standard Operating Procedures and Safety Policies
United States Fire Academy GuideInclusion of Safety in All SOPsSOP TrainingSafety Policy Development and Implementation
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-10
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the essential elements required for a successful occupational safety and health program.
FIRE 110-PPT-9-2-11
Review
Essential Elements of a Safety and Health ProgramSetting Goals and Objectives of a ProgramAction PlanningCost/Benefit AnalysisTraining and the Safety and Health ProgramDeveloping Standard Operating Procedures and Safety Policies
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 9-3Safety Program Evaluation
FIRE 110-PPT-9-3-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process required to evaluate the effectiveness of an occupational safety and health program.
FIRE 110-PPT-9-3-2
Overview
The Evaluation ProcessResponsibility for EvaluationEvaluation Frequency
2
FIRE 110-PPT-9-3-3
The Evaluation Process
Process Evaluation– How is Success Measured?– Does the Process Meet the Objective?– What Should Happen Next?
Outcome Evaluation– What Data Will be Used?– When Will the Outcome be Measured?– What Should Happen Next?
FIRE 110-PPT-9-3-4
Responsibility for Evaluation
HSO ResponsibilitiesManagement InputSafety Committee InputISO Input
FIRE 110-PPT-9-3-5
Evaluation Frequency
Event-Based EvaluationChange-Based EvaluationSchedule-Based Evaluation
3
FIRE 110-PPT-9-3-6
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the process required to evaluate the effectiveness of an occupational safety and health program.
FIRE 110-PPT-9-3-7
Review
The Evaluation ProcessResponsibility for EvaluationEvaluation Frequency
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 10-1Information Management
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the importance of data collection in support of safety programs.
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-2
Overview
The Purpose of Data Collection and ReportingInternal Data CollectionExternal Data CollectionPublishing the Health and Safety ReportAccessing Health and Safety Information Using the Internet
2
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-3
The Purpose of Data Collectionand Reporting
Legal RequirementsStatistical Analysis RequirementsSafety Reporting
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-4
Internal Data Collection
Form Design and Data RequirementsRetention RequirementsElectronic Processing and Storage
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-5
External Data Collection
Workers’ CompensationOccupational Safety and Health AdministrationNational Fire Protection AdministrationUnited States Fire AdministrationInternational Association of Fire FightersNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
3
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-6
Publishing the Health and Safety Report
Data AnalysisReport Design and ImplementationReport DistributionPresentation Materials
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-7
Accessing Health and Safety Information Using the Internet
Finding Data Sources on the InternetUsing Data Gathered from the InternetEvaluating Internet Sources
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-8
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the importance of data collection in support of safety programs.
4
FIRE 110-PPT-10-1-9
Review
The Purpose of Data Collection and ReportingInternal Data CollectionExternal Data CollectionPublishing the Health and Safety ReportAccessing Health and Safety Information Using the Internet
1
Fire DepartmentSafety Officer
Lesson 10-2Special Topics in Emergency Services
Occupational Safety and Health
FIRE 110-PPT-10-2-1
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the legal, financial, and ethical issues associated with health and safety programs.
FIRE 110-PPT-10-2-2
Overview
Legal IssuesEthical IssuesFinancial IssuesSafety Considerations in the Diversified WorkforceFuture Trends and Technologies
2
FIRE 110-PPT-10-2-3
Legal Issues
Tort LiabilityAmericans with Disabilities ActAge Discrimination in Employment Act
FIRE 110-PPT-10-2-4
Ethical Issues
The Mandate to Provide the Safest Possible Work EnvironmentThe Confidentiality of InformationThe Use of Safety Data to Improve Future Outcomes
FIRE 110-PPT-10-2-5
Financial Issues
Annual Budget ProcessGrant Funding
3
FIRE 110-PPT-10-2-6
Safety Considerations in the Diversified Workforce
The Aging WorkforceDifferences in Physical CapabilitiesConsiderations in Designing and Purchasing Equipment
FIRE 110-PPT-10-2-7
Future Trends and Technologies
Technological AdvancesLower Costs as Technology SpreadsIncreased Research
FIRE 110-PPT-10-2-8
Student Performance Objectives
Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, describe the legal, financial, and ethical issues associated with health and safety programs.