fire safety training mannual

8/12/2019 Fire Safety Training Mannual

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FIRE SAFETY

IN THE HOMEevwoiAvfixYAwM wbivcv

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Did you know?

Youre twice as likely to

die in a fire if you donthave a smoke alarmthat works.

90 people die each yearbecause the battery intheir smoke alarmwas flat or missing.

Over half of home firesare caused by cookingaccidents.

More than five firesa day are started bycandles.

Every three days someonedies from a fire caused bya cigarette.

Faulty electrics(appliances, wiring andoverloaded sockets)cause around 7,000

house fires across thecountry every year.

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The easiest way toprotect your homeand family fromfire is with a smokealarm.

Get it. Install it.Check it. It could

save your life.

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5COULD

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Fit smoke alarms on everylevel of your home.

Smoke alarms are cheapand easy to install.

They are available fromDIY stores, electrical shopsand most high streetsupermarkets.

There are a variety ofdifferent models tochoose from.Your local Fire and RescueService will be happy togive you advice on whichone is best suited for you.

Look out for one of thesesymbols, which shows thealarm is approved and safe.

Choosing yoursmoke alarm

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Fit smoke alarms

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How to make sure yoursmoke alarm works

Test the batteries in your smokealarm every week. Change them

every year. Never remove them.

Never disconnect or take the batteriesout of your alarm if it goes off bymistake.

Standard battery operated alarms are thecheapest option, but the batteries needto be replaced every year.

A lot of people forget to check thebatteries, so longer life batteries arebetter.

An alarm with ten-year batteries is thebest option.

Mains-powered alarms are poweredby your home power supply. Generallythey dont need replacable batteries,but need to be installed by a qualifiedelectrician.

Alarms that plug into a light socket usea rechargeable battery, which is chargedwhen the light is on.

You can even have linked alarmsinstalled, so that when one alarmdetects a fire they all go off together.This is useful if you live in a large house

or over several levels.

Strobe light and vibrating pad alarmsare available for those who are deafor hard of hearing. Contact the RoyalInstitute for Deaf People InformationLine on 0808 808 0123

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~ Top tip

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Test it

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Fitting yoursmoke alarm

Dont put alarms in or near kitchens or bathroomswhere smoke or steam can set them off by

accident. The ideal position is on the ceiling, in the middle

of a room, or on the hallway and landing, so youcan hear the alarm throughout your home.

If it is difficult for you to fit your alarmyourself contact your local Fire andRescue Service for help. Theyll behappy to install it for you.

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Make checking your smoke alarm partof your regular household routine.

Test it by pressing the button until thealarm sounds. If it doesnt sound, youneed to replace the battery.

If your smoke alarm starts to beep ona regular basis, you need to replacethe battery immediately.

If it is a ten year alarm, you will needto replace the whole alarm everyten years.

Other equipmentyou could consider

Fire blankets are used to put out a fireor wrap a person whose clothes are onfire. They are best kept in the kitchen.

Fire extinguishers shoot out a jet tohelp control a fire. They are quick and

simple to use, but always read theinstructions first.

Test it

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Replace it

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Change it

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Looking after yoursmoke alarm

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IN THE KITCHEN

ELECTRICS

CIGARETTES

CANDLES

This section will tell youhow you can avoid fires inyour home, including howto cook safely and takecare with electrics, candles andcigarettes.

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Top tip ~

Take care with electrics

Keep electrics (leads and appliances)away from water.

Check toasters are clean and placedaway from curtains and kitchen rolls.

Keep the oven, hob and grill clean andin good working order. A build up of fatand grease can ignite a fire.

Dont put anything metalin the microwave

Deep fat frying

Take care when cooking with hot oil itsets alight easily.

Make sure food is dry before putting it inhot oil so it doesnt splash.

If the oil starts to smoke its too hot.Turn off the heat and leave it to cool.

Use a thermostat controlled electric deepfat fryer. They cant overheat.

What to do if a pan catches fire

Dont take any risks. Turn off the heatif its safe to do so. Never throw waterover it.

Dont tackle the fire yourself.

In the kitchen

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How to cook safely

Avoid leaving children in thekitchen alone when cooking on thehob. Keep matches and sauce panhandles out of their reach to keepthem safe.

Take extra care if you need to leave thekitchen whilst cooking, take pans off theheat or turn them down to avoid risk.

Make sure saucepan handles dont stickout so they dont get knocked off thestove.

Take care if youre wearing looseclothing they can easily catch fire.

Keep tea towels and cloths away fromthe cooker and hob.

Spark devices are safer than matches orlighters to light gas cookers, becausethey dont have a naked flame.

Double check the cooker is off whenyouve finished cooking

Keep out of reach

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Take care with hot oil

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Top tip~

Electrics

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Dont overload

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How to avoid electrical fires

Always check that you use the right fuseto prevent overheating.

Make sure an electrical appliance has aBritish or European safety mark whenyou buy it.

Certain appliances, such as washingmachines, should have a single plug tothemselves, as they are high powered.

Try and keep to one plug per socket.

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Appliances use different amountsof power a television may use a3amp plug and a vacuum cleanera 5amp plug for example.

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y y yKeep electrical appliances clean andin good working order to preventthem triggering a fire.

Keep your eyes peeled for signs ofdangerous or loose wiring such as scorchmarks, hot plugs and sockets, fuses thatblow or circuit-breakers that trip for noobvious reasons, or flickering lights.

Check and replace any old cables andleads, especially if they are hidden fromview behind furniture or under carpetsand mats.

Unplugging appliances helps reduce the

risk of fire. Unplug appliances when youre not

using them or when you go to bed.

Using an electric blanket

Dont leave electric blankets folded asthis damages the internal wiring. Storethem flat or rolled up instead.

Unplug blankets before you get intobed, unless it has a thermostat controlfor safe all-night use.

Try not to buy second hand blankets andcheck regularly for wear and tear.

Portable heaters

Try to secure heaters up against a wall tostop them falling over.

Keep them clear from curtains andfurniture and never use them for dryingclothes.

Furniture

Always ensure that your furniture hasthe fire-resistant permanent label.

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RESISTANT


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Cigarettes

Stub cigarettes out properly anddispose of them carefully. Put themout. Right out!

Never smoke in bed.

Use a proper ashtray never awastepaper basket.

Make sure your ashtray cant tip overand is made of a material that wontburn.

Dont leave a lit cigarette, cigar or pipelying around. They can easily fall overand start a fire.

Take extra care if you smoke whenyoure tired, taking prescription drugs, orif youve been drinking. You might fallasleep and set your bed or sofa on fire.

Keep matches and lighters out ofchildrens reach.

Consider buying child resistant lightersand match boxes.

Top tip

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Put them out. Right out!

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Matchboxes now carry

this warning label


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~

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Make sure candles aresecured in a properholder and away frommaterials that may catchfire like curtains.

Put candles out when youleave the room, and makesure theyre put out completelyat night.

Use a snuffer or a spoon toput out candles. Its safer thanblowing them out when sparkscan fly.

Children shouldnt be leftalone with lit candles.

Candles

Top tip

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Be careful with candles

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16

~

Fitting a smoke alarm is thefirst crucial step to protectingyourself from fire. But whatwould you do if it went offduring the night?

This section will help you make

a plan ready for an emergency.

ESCAPE

PLANA SAFE

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Plan an escape route and make sureeveryone knows how to escape.

Make sure exits are kept clear.

The best route is the normal way in andout of your home.

Think of a second route incase the first one is blocked.

Take a few minutes to practice yourescape plan.

Review your plan if the layout of yourhome changes.

Be prepared by makinga plan of escape

Keep door andwindow keyswhere everyonecan find them

Plan an escape route

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Dont tackle fires yourself.Leave it to the professionals.

Keep calm and act quickly,get everyone out as soonas possible.

Dont waste time investigatingwhats happened or rescuingvaluables.

If theres smoke, keep low wherethe air is clearer.

Before you open a door checkif its warm. If it is, dont openit fire is on the other side.

Call 999 as soon as youreclear of the building. 999calls are free.

What to do if thereis a fire

Top tip

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Get out, stay out and call 999

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19/26

y

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Dont run around, youllmake the flames worse.

Lie down and roll around.It makes it harder for thefire to spread.

Smother the flames witha heavy material, like a

coat or blanket.

Remember, Stop, Dropand Roll!

What to do if yourclothes catch fire

STOP! ROLL!DROP!

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If you cant get out, get everyoneinto one room, ideally with awindow and a phone.

Put bedding around the bottomof the door to block out thesmoke, then open the windowand call HELP FIRE.

If youre on the ground orfirst floor, you may be able

to escape through a window. Use bedding to cushion your fall

and lower yourself down carefully.Dont jump.

If you cant open the windowbreak the glass in the bottomcorner. Make jagged edges

safe with a towel or blanket.

What to do if yourescape is blocked

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How to escapefrom a high levelbuilding

Avoid using lifts and balconies ifthere is a fire.

It is easy to get confused insmoke, so count how many doorsyou need to go through to reachthe stairs.

Check there is nothing in thecorridors or stairways thatcould catch fire like boxes

or rubbish. Make sure doors to stairways are

not locked.

Make sure everyone in thebuilding knows where thefire alarms are.

You should still get a smoke alarmfor your own home, even if there

is a warning system in the block.

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MAKE A

BEDTIME

CHECK

You are more at riskfrom a fire whenasleep. So its a goodidea to check yourhome before yougo to bed.

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~

Close inside doors at nightto stop a fire from spreading.

Turn off and unplug electricalappliances unless they are designedto be left on like your freezer.

Check your cooker isturned off.

Dont leave the washingmachine on.

Turn heaters off and putup fireguards.

Put candles and cigarettesout properly.

Make sure exits arekept clear.

Keep door and window

keys where everyone canfind them.

Top tip

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Close inside doors at night

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Check list

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For a free home fire risk checkcontact your local fire and rescueservice. The phone number is alsoin the telephone book (not 999).Or visit www.firekills.gov.uk

P bli h d b h D f C i i d L l G C i h 2008 P i d i h UK

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fire safety training mannual

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