First AidFirst AidCheckCheck CallCall

CareCare

ShockShock

Life threatening condition in which the Life threatening condition in which the body’s vital functions are threatened due body’s vital functions are threatened due to lack of blood flow or oxygen to body to lack of blood flow or oxygen to body tissue.tissue.

Symptoms: nausea, cool moist skin, rapid Symptoms: nausea, cool moist skin, rapid breathing and pulse, restlessness, breathing and pulse, restlessness, unresponsive or unconsciousness.unresponsive or unconsciousness.

Call for help, elevate legs about 12 inches, Call for help, elevate legs about 12 inches, control external bleeding, monitor vital control external bleeding, monitor vital signs, attempt to warm or cool victim if signs, attempt to warm or cool victim if shock is due to temperature extremes.shock is due to temperature extremes.

ChokingChoking

If victim is coughing, encourage them If victim is coughing, encourage them to continueto continue

If choking continues ask if you can helpIf choking continues ask if you can help Start with 5 back blows, if object is not Start with 5 back blows, if object is not

removed perform 5 abdominal thrusts.removed perform 5 abdominal thrusts. Continue this cycle until the victim Continue this cycle until the victim

becomes unconsciousbecomes unconscious If unconscious, start chest If unconscious, start chest

compressionscompressions

Open/Closed FracturesOpen/Closed Fractures

If possible, do not move the victimIf possible, do not move the victim Place appropriate splint (anatomic, Place appropriate splint (anatomic,

soft, or rigid)soft, or rigid) Splint above and below injury sightSplint above and below injury sight If the fracture is open, elevate the If the fracture is open, elevate the

limb and cover exposed bone with limb and cover exposed bone with moist damp clothmoist damp cloth

BleedingBleeding

Wear rubber gloves.Wear rubber gloves. If wound is minor wash with If wound is minor wash with

soap and water.soap and water.Cover wound with clean gauze Cover wound with clean gauze

or cloth and apply firm pressure.or cloth and apply firm pressure. If possible elevate wound above If possible elevate wound above

heart.heart.

BleedingBleeding

Continue to add bandages or Continue to add bandages or cloth as blood soaks through.cloth as blood soaks through.

If necessary cover dressing If necessary cover dressing with pressure bandage.with pressure bandage.

Use pressure points or Use pressure points or tourniquet if bleeding can not tourniquet if bleeding can not be stoppedbe stopped..

HyperthermiaHyperthermia

Pale clammy skin, heavy sweating, dizziness, Pale clammy skin, heavy sweating, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, headache, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, fainting.fainting.

Move victim to shade or cooler areaMove victim to shade or cooler area Loosen clothingLoosen clothing Apply wet towels or ice packs wrapped in clothApply wet towels or ice packs wrapped in cloth Give sips of cool water ( ½ cup every 15 Give sips of cool water ( ½ cup every 15

minutesminutes Call EMS if condition does not improve within Call EMS if condition does not improve within

30 minutes30 minutes

Heat StrokeHeat Stroke

Temp. over 106, hot dry skin, Temp. over 106, hot dry skin, constricted pupils, pulse over 100 constricted pupils, pulse over 100 BPM, confusion, unconsciousnessBPM, confusion, unconsciousness

Call for helpCall for help Remove heavy clothingRemove heavy clothing Have victim lie downHave victim lie down Wrap in cool wet towelsWrap in cool wet towels

HypothermiaHypothermia

Cool skin, shivering, numbness, slurred Cool skin, shivering, numbness, slurred speech, change in level of speech, change in level of consciousnessconsciousness

Move victim to warmer area, call EMS if Move victim to warmer area, call EMS if unconsciousunconscious

Remove any wet clothingRemove any wet clothing Wrap in dry blanketsWrap in dry blankets Give warm drink if consciousGive warm drink if conscious If victim does not improve within a few If victim does not improve within a few

minutes call for helpminutes call for help

Frost BiteFrost Bite

Handle GentlyHandle Gently Remove tight clothingRemove tight clothing Cover affected tissue (Cover affected tissue (tissues need to be tissues need to be

gently warmed, so the ice crystals will slowly meltgently warmed, so the ice crystals will slowly melt)) Soak the injured part in comfortably Soak the injured part in comfortably

warm water, not hot waterwarm water, not hot water Loosely bandage area with gauze Loosely bandage area with gauze Seek medical help Seek medical help

PoisonPoison

ALWAYS CALL FOR EMERGENCY HELP 911ALWAYS CALL FOR EMERGENCY HELP 911

– INGESTED INGESTED Determine what was swallowedDetermine what was swallowed Call Poison Control and follow Call Poison Control and follow

directionsdirections Syrup of ipecac or activated charcoal Syrup of ipecac or activated charcoal

should be available incase needed.should be available incase needed.

PoisonPoison

– INHALEDINHALED Quickly get the person to fresh airQuickly get the person to fresh air Monitor Vital SignsMonitor Vital Signs Call Poison Control and follow Call Poison Control and follow

directionsdirections

PoisonPoison

– SKINSKIN Remove contaminated clothingRemove contaminated clothing Rinse skin with water for 15 minutesRinse skin with water for 15 minutes Call Poison Control and follow Call Poison Control and follow

directionsdirections

PoisonPoison

– EYEEYE Flush eye with warm water for 15 Flush eye with warm water for 15

minutesminutes Have victim blink while flushing eyeHave victim blink while flushing eye Call Poison Control and follow Call Poison Control and follow

directionsdirections

11stst Degree Burns Degree Burns

11stst degree burns only the top layer degree burns only the top layer of skin.of skin.

Skin appears red and will feel hot.Skin appears red and will feel hot.Treatment: Apply cool water for Treatment: Apply cool water for

10 min.10 min.Applying a cold wet towel will help Applying a cold wet towel will help

reduce pain.reduce pain.

22ndnd Degree Burns Degree Burns

22ndnd degree burns several top layers of degree burns several top layers of skin.skin.

Skin will have blisters and appear Skin will have blisters and appear blotchyblotchy

Treatment:Treatment: Apply cool water for 10 min. Apply cool water for 10 min. and elevate the burn. (If burn covers a and elevate the burn. (If burn covers a large area do not apply water)large area do not apply water)

Wrap area with dry bandage. Do not Wrap area with dry bandage. Do not pop blisterspop blisters..

33rdrd Degree Burns Degree Burns

Serious burn in which deep layers of Serious burn in which deep layers of skin, and possibly fat, muscle, nerves, skin, and possibly fat, muscle, nerves, and bone are damaged.and bone are damaged.

Elevate burned area if possibleElevate burned area if possible Cool burned area with cold water only if Cool burned area with cold water only if

it is still burning.it is still burning. Wrap area with dry clean gauze or Wrap area with dry clean gauze or

cloth.cloth. Treat for shock Treat for shock

Animal BitesAnimal Bites

Report animal bites to your local Report animal bites to your local authorities.authorities.

Treatment:Treatment:-Wash bite area with soap and warm -Wash bite area with soap and warm

water for 5 minutes.water for 5 minutes.-Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding-Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding-If wound swells apply ice for 10 minutes-If wound swells apply ice for 10 minutes-Cover wound with clean dressing and -Cover wound with clean dressing and

bandagebandage

Snake BiteSnake Bite

Call for emergency helpCall for emergency help Keep victim calm and immobilizedKeep victim calm and immobilized If you are the victim move slowly and If you are the victim move slowly and

as little as possible to get help.as little as possible to get help. Try to get a good look at the snake Try to get a good look at the snake

and call poison control to determine and call poison control to determine if the snake was poisonous. if the snake was poisonous.

Bites and StingsBites and Stings

Move to a safe area to avoid further harmMove to a safe area to avoid further harm Remove stinger by scraping it offRemove stinger by scraping it off Wash area with soap and water and apply Wash area with soap and water and apply

iceice Apply hydrocortisone cream, calamine Apply hydrocortisone cream, calamine

lotion or baking soda paste to area lotion or baking soda paste to area several times a day until pain is goneseveral times a day until pain is gone

If victim has a severe reaction or has If victim has a severe reaction or has trouble breathing seek professional helptrouble breathing seek professional help