fish friday mugilomorpha and atherinomorpha 10/24/08
TRANSCRIPT
Fish FridayFish Friday
Mugilomorpha and Mugilomorpha and AtherinomorphaAtherinomorpha
10/24/0810/24/08
You are here.
At the base of the Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes)
Mullets - MugiliformesMullets - Mugiliformes Two dorsal fins, the first with 4 Two dorsal fins, the first with 4
spinesspines
Found in coastlines and Found in coastlines and estuariesestuaries
Schooling fishSchooling fish
Feed on detritusFeed on detritus
Shit fish” The endearing name Shit fish” The endearing name given to them by sailorsgiven to them by sailors
White Mullet
AtherinomorphaAtherinomorpha
AtheriniformesAtheriniformes
BeloniformesBeloniformes
CyprinodontiformesCyprinodontiformes
Most successful group of surface-feeding fishesMost successful group of surface-feeding fishes
Unique mechanism of jaw protrusion – Unique mechanism of jaw protrusion – premaxilla does not articulate directly with premaxilla does not articulate directly with maxillamaxilla
RainbowfishRainbowfish
Freshwater fishFreshwater fish
Found in Found in Indonesia/Australia and Indonesia/Australia and Madagascar – believed to Madagascar – believed to be vicariancebe vicariance
Popular aquarium fishPopular aquarium fish
SilversidesSilversides
Two dorsal fins, long anal finTwo dorsal fins, long anal fin Found in saltwater and freshwaterFound in saltwater and freshwater Silver sidesSilver sides Schooling fishSchooling fish
Brook Silverside
Labidesthes sicculus
GrunionGrunion
Swims onto the beach after full and new Swims onto the beach after full and new moons to breed (called a “run”)moons to breed (called a “run”)
Female buries lower half of body in sand, Female buries lower half of body in sand, male wraps around hermale wraps around her
BeloniformesBeloniformes
Mostly marine fishesMostly marine fishes Most are elongatedMost are elongated
Needlefish
Flying fish
Ricefishes - medakaRicefishes - medaka
Used in many scientific experimentsUsed in many scientific experiments First vertebrate to mate in orbitFirst vertebrate to mate in orbit Glofish – transgenic medaka with glowing Glofish – transgenic medaka with glowing
jellyfish genesjellyfish genes
The things we do in the name of science
NeedlefishNeedlefish
Elongate bodies with long jawsElongate bodies with long jaws Bright green bonesBright green bones Habit of jumping out of the water – people Habit of jumping out of the water – people
have been impaledhave been impaled
HalfbeaksHalfbeaks
Only lower jaw elongated Only lower jaw elongated – neotenic trait– neotenic trait
Variety of reproductive Variety of reproductive systems – some lay eggs systems – some lay eggs (oviparous), some are (oviparous), some are livebearing livebearing (ovoviviparous and (ovoviviparous and viviparous)viviparous)
Marine and freshwaterMarine and freshwater
Flying fishesFlying fishes
Can “fly” up to 400 meters Can “fly” up to 400 meters over 30 secondsover 30 seconds
Elongated lower lobe of tail Elongated lower lobe of tail used for propulsion while used for propulsion while flyingflying
Specialized cornea allows Specialized cornea allows focusing in water and airfocusing in water and air
CyprinodontiformesCyprinodontiformes
Freshwater, surface-dwelling fishesFreshwater, surface-dwelling fishes
Variety of reproductive systems – Variety of reproductive systems – Ovoviviparity and viviparity have evolved Ovoviviparity and viviparity have evolved more than oncemore than once
Killifish and topminnowsKillifish and topminnows
Can survive in low Can survive in low oxygen levelsoxygen levels
Lay eggsLay eggs
Habit of leaping out Habit of leaping out of waterof water
LivebearersLivebearers
Guppies, mollies, platies, Guppies, mollies, platies, swordtails, mosquitofishswordtails, mosquitofish
Internal fertilization – Internal fertilization – males have a modified males have a modified anal fin protrusion called a anal fin protrusion called a gonopodiumgonopodium
GuppiesGuppies
Huge variation in male Huge variation in male colorscolors
Colors affected by Colors affected by negative frequency-negative frequency-dependent selection – dependent selection – rare males do betterrare males do better
Amazon mollyAmazon molly
SwordtailSwordtail
Sexual selection – females prefer longer Sexual selection – females prefer longer tails in malestails in males
Can be manipulated experimentallyCan be manipulated experimentally This is true even in related species that This is true even in related species that
don’t naturally have tail swordsdon’t naturally have tail swords
PupfishesPupfishes
Four-eyed fishFour-eyed fish
Eyes are split in halves to see underwater and in air Eyes are split in halves to see underwater and in air at the same timeat the same time
Live-bearers with internal fertilizationLive-bearers with internal fertilization Have a “side” – left-sided males can only mate with Have a “side” – left-sided males can only mate with
right-sided females and vice-versaright-sided females and vice-versa
How the eye of the four-eyed fish works
VideosVideos
Flying fish video: Flying fish video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OmWRhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OmWRCdUw17ECdUw17E
Glofish:Glofish: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08jf_HChttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08jf_HC
dI90&feature=relateddI90&feature=related
Review questionsReview questions What is the phylogenetic position of the mullets What is the phylogenetic position of the mullets
within the bony fishes?within the bony fishes? What is the unifying trait of the Atherinomorpha?What is the unifying trait of the Atherinomorpha? Give an example of experimentation that has Give an example of experimentation that has
been done on the medaka.been done on the medaka. What are the adaptations flying fish have for What are the adaptations flying fish have for
flying?flying? What is the purpose of the swordtail’s sword?What is the purpose of the swordtail’s sword? Which groups have oviparity? Which have Which groups have oviparity? Which have
viviparity?viviparity? Where does the Death Valley pupfish live?Where does the Death Valley pupfish live?