Lesson 10

American Flag

Review and & Final Activities

Lesson 10: American Flag Review and Final Activities

Flag Lesson #10

American Flag

Review and Final Activities

Enduring Understandings:

To understand the importance of the American flag, both past and present.

Essential Questions:

What is the origin or the American Flag?

What are the symbols that represent America?

What are some examples of Flag Etiquette?

How do we show respect and patriotism using the American Flag?

How important is the American Flag in American society?

Vocabulary/Targeted Skills:

Patriotism, flag etiquette, respect, symbols

Unit Assessment:

Students will participate in an American Flag presentation.

Lesson 10: American Flag Review and Final Activities

Lesson: American Flag Review Time: 60-120 minutes

Standard(s):

SS4C23 Explain the Importance of public service, voting and volunteerism.

SS5C24 Evaluate the importance of civic responsibilities in American Democracy.

SS5C25 Identify ways good citizens go beyond basic civic and political responsibilities to

improve government and society.

Content Purpose:

Students will review and understand how to engage with the American Flag through Patriotic

duties.

Language Purpose:

Student review and discuss the history, symbols and etiquette of the American Flag. .

Assessment/Evaluation (for this lesson):

Student will fold, raise, and/or retire an American Flag properly with the adult guidance.

Reading Materials/Primary Source links:

http://www.legion.org/flag/ceremony

http://publications.usa.gov/epublications/ourflag/flaglaws1.htm

U.S. Navy, Cadet Reference Manual. Second Edition 2011, page 7.

and other resources found in Flag Lessons 1-10

Suggested Procedures:

1. Go over Flag review presentation with students.

2. During presentation, ask questions for comprehension checks.

3. Ask for volunteers to show or demonstrate how to fold flag, raise flag and retire flag.

4. Invite veterans to classroom and present students with American Flag Project Completion

Certificate (if vet available have them sign certificate, if not presenter may sign it.)

5. With veterans’ guidance, have group a of students raise, lower, fold and/or retire an

American Flag.

Lesson 10

January 1st, 1776 George Washington ordered the Grand Union flag be hoisted at Prospect Hill. This flag had 13 stripes of red and white, representing the 13 colonies, with a British Union Jack in the upper left corner. This Grand Union flag is said to be the first true American flag.

Raising of the First American Flag January 1, 1776 by Clyde O. DeLand Harper’s Weekly Jan 1, 1898 http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchdetail.cfm?trg=1&strucID=701394&imageid=808619&total=1&e=w

Depending on which report you read, soon after, in June 1776 or June 1777, it is said that Betsy Ross reportedly sewed the first American flag. Reportedly, she based this on designs suggested by George Washington and his committee.

Ferris, J. L. G. (1932). Betsy ross, 1777. In (LOT 4579). Cleveland, Ohio : The Foundation Press, Inc. Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/200271

9536/

On June 14, 1777, Continental Congress passed the FIRST Flag Act which stated the flag would have 13 red and white stripes; and13 stars in a blue field, representing a new constellation. Is the flag made after this date the “First” flag of our nation?

Continental Congress. (1777, June 13). Journals of congress. Retrieved from

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lljc&fileName=008/lljc008.db&recNum=90

Francis Hopkinson, a signer of the Declaration of Independence as a delegate from New Jersey, claims to have design a United States flag around 1780. This flag being referred to was known as the 13 Star Flag and is the most commonly known colonial flag.

“The Stars and Stripes,”,

copyright 1918,

http://www.loc.gov/picture

s/item/2006679982/

“The Stars and Stripes”, and “Old Glory” are common nicknames for the American flag. The first flag was adopted by the Continental Congress June 14, 1777. The resolution adopted by the Continental Congress stated: “Resolved, That the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes, alternated red and white; that the union thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new Constellation.”

Title: The Birth of Old Glory / from painting by Moran, Percy, 1862-1935 , artist Date Created/Published: c1917. Summary: Betsy Ross(?) and two girls showing United States flag to George Washington and three other men. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/93515921/

Uncle Sam began during The War of 1812, and it became a nickname for the United States. Barrels of beef were supplied to the United States military by Samuel Wilson, a meat packer, from Troy, New York. Soldiers nicknamed the food as “Uncle Sam’s.”

Political cartoonist, Thomas Nast, began the popular image of Uncle Sam. These beginning pictures depicted Uncle Sam with a white beard and stars-and-stripes suit.

Title: Our country - Uncle Sam Date Created/Published: c1898. Summary: Figure of Uncle Sam with flag. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2002705730/

Charles Thomason, secretary of congress, and Lawyer William Barton, the artist, are credited for creating this first approved version of the Great Seal of the United States.

The thirteen arrows, thirteen stripes on the shield, and 13 stars in the constellation represent the original 13 colonies. The power of peace and war is denoted by the olive branch and the arrows. The motto “E Pluribus Unum” which is Latin for “out of many, one” is on the scroll clenched in the eagle’s beak. This represents the union of the 13 states into one nation.

The reverse side of the seal is the pyramid that signifies strength and duration.

Title: The reverse of the great seal of the United States / JT sculp. Creator(s): Trenchard, James, 1747-, engraver Date Created/Published: [1786] Summary: Print shows the eye at the top of the pyramid in a medallion inscribed with "Annuit cœptis:" and "Novus ordo seclorum" on a pedestal with olive branch and palm leaf. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004676788/

Thomson also decided the symbol on the Great Seal of the United States should be strictly American and chose the Bald Eagle, which became our National Bird.

Title: All out for defense of democracy: Informed opinion counts Related Names: United States. Works Progress Administration (N.Y.) , Funder/sponsor Federal Art Project (New York, N.Y.) , Funder/sponsor Date Created/Published: [between 1935 and 1943] Summary: Poster showing factories, ships, airplanes, and buildings with a bald eagle spreading its wings above all. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2008678732/

William Penn gave Pennsylvania colonist the freedom to choose their own religion. In 1751, a Liberty Bell was ordered by the Pennsylvania Speaker of the house. The bell was in scripted with “Proclaim LIBERTY throughout all the Land unto inhabitants thereof.” This is a Bible verse.

Title: The Liberty Bell, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Creator(s): Highsmith, Carol M., 1946-, photographer Date Created/Published: [between 1980 and 2006] Medium: 1 transparency : color ; 4 x 5 in. or smaller. Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-highsm-12321 (digital file from original) LC-HS503-1060 (color film transparency) http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2011630518/

The Statue of Liberty has many different symbols on her. The broken chains and shackles are at her feet and represent America’s liberation from Great Britain as well as the emancipation of the slaves after the Civil War. There are seven rays in her crown representing the seven continents and the seven seas of the world. She is a world citizen. The torch in her right arm is one of the most significant symbols. The torch lights the way to liberty and freedom.

Title: Bartholde's [Bartholdi's] Statue of Liberty Creator(s): Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942, photographer Related Names: Bartholdi, Frederic Auguste, 1834-1904 , sculptor Detroit Publishing Co. , publisher Date Created/Published: 1892. Medium: 1 negative : glass ; 18 x 22 in. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/det1994024991/PP/

The customs and traditions which surround the display and use of our flag are guides to the means by which we as proud and grateful citizens may demonstrate the ultimate respect for the flag of our nation.

http://publications.usa.gov/epublications/ourflag/flaglaws1.htm

Naval Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps, Cadet Field Manual. Chapter 3, page 2.

http://publications.usa.gov/epublications/ourflag/flaglaws1.htm

The American Flag is a symbol that as a nation we give it highest respect. Its birthplace was over the battlefields in the Revolutionary War as colonist fought the tyranny of Great Brittan. Waving proudly in a parade.

Draped somberly over the coffin of a returning soldier.

In the trenches of World War I.

American Marines hoisted it on Iwa Jima

Majestically waved on buildings in New York City after the 911 attacks.

Title: [American flag amid rubble following September 11th terrorist attack on World Trade Center, New York City] Date Created/Published: 2001 Sept. 11. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2002719372/

In 1814, the British launched an attack on the United States. The Americans defeated the British during the attack on land. The British Colonel, Arthur Brooks ordered his ships to retreat from Fort McHenry.

VIDEO: Fort McHenry Talk Trailer: War on the Chesapeake (click on photo above) via FtMcHenryNPS

When the British began the retreat, Major Armistead ordered that an American flag 42’ x 30’, which was sewn by Mary Pickersgill, a Baltimore resident, be hoisted over the fort. He had asked for a “flag so large that the British would have no difficulty seeing it from a distance.”

Star-Spangled Banner and the War of 1812 http://www.si.edu/Encyclopedia_SI/nmah/starflag.htm

Francis Scott Key watched this same flag fly as the battle raged through the night. The British would send bombs through the air which would also cause the night sky to light up. This was the flag that Francis Scott Key refers to in his poem, “The Star Spangled Banner”.

•Title: KEY, FRANCIS SCOTT.

ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT OF

'STAR SPANGLED BANNER‘

•Creator(s): Harris & Ewing,

photographer

•Date Created/Published: 1914. •http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/hec2008003125/ •

“The Star Spangled Banner” was eventually combined with music to become our National Anthem. When the first note of the music is played, people in all military should salute the flag until the last note of the music. All other persons should face the flag and stand at attention with their right hand over the heart. Men should remove the headdress or hat.

CLICK ALBUM TO LISTEN TO SONG

Recording Title The Star Spangled Banner

Date 1901-04-02

Musical group Sousa's Band

Arranger John Philip Sousa

Author Francis Scott Key

Conductor Arthur Pryor

Why do Americans love their country and show this love through patriotism? The Bill of Rights is based on the basic ideology of American: Freedom. The flag represents the United States and all of the freedoms that we enjoy. As American citizens we should appreciate that freedom we have and show it when we see a flag. The American flag should always be treated with the greatest respect.

Howard Chandler Christy Artist Oil on canvas 20' x 30' 1940 House wing, east stairway U.S. Capitol http://www.aoc.gov/capitol-hill/murals/signing-constitution

Title: Mrs. Claire Cumberbatch, of 1303 Dean St., leader of the Bedford-Stuyvesant group protesting alleged "segregated" school, leads oath of allegiance Creator(s): DeMarsico, Dick, photographer Date Created/Published: 1958 September 12. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004670155/

If you are watching a parade and the flag is passing by in a color guard, you should stand and place your hand over your heart. Flags are also used in ceremonies and it is used as an honor for Veterans because it is often covers the casket. This shows the country it is thankful for the service they provided in defending their country.

On July 21st, 1892 Congress passed an act that required students to celebrate Columbus Day. The Youth Companion, a child’s literary magazine, planned the National School Celebration of Columbus Day using the American Flag as the center of the celebration.

Title: The Youths Companion worlds fair extra number. Youths companion Publisher: Perry Mason & Co. Date Created/Published: 1893:May4

http://brbl-dl.library.yale.edu/vufind/Record/3439106?image_id=1082906

Student’s all over the U.S. did a number of patriotic duties, such as raising the flag, saluting the flag, and reciting the Pledge of Allegiance. On October 21, 1892, the pledge was recited for the first time.

Title: Francis Julius Bellamy Papers Date Range: 1890-2002

Department of Rare Books, Special Collections and Preservation, River Campus Libraries, University of Rochester http://www.lib.rochester.edu/index.cfm?page=1779

Americans feel great pride and respect for their flag because it is a representation of the great country they live in. It represents every American citizen and their belief of independence and freedom .The flag represents the principles of justice, liberty, and democracy enjoyed by the citizens of the United States.

Title: American flag and Statue of Liberty mural, Bay Minette, Alabama Creator(s): Highsmith, Carol M., 1946-, photographer Date Created/Published: 2010 May 13. http://www.loc.gov/

pictures/item/201064

0197/

You should be standing at attention facing the flag.

Your right hand over your heart.

Men should remove their headdress with their right hand and hold it at the left shoulder, the hand being over the heart.

Persons in uniform should remain silent, face the flag and render the military salute.

When the flag is displayed-

You should be standing at attention

facing the flag.

Your right hand over your heart.

Men should remove their headdress

with their right hand and hold it at the

left shoulder, the hand being over the heart.

Persons in uniform should render the military salute at the first note of the anthem and retain this position until the last note.

When the flag is NOT displayed-

Those present should face toward the music and act in the same manner they would if the flag were displayed there.

U.S. Navy, Cadet Reference Manual. Second Edition 2011, page 7.

http://publications.usa.gov/epublications/ourflag/flaglaws1.htm

The Ceremony for Disposal of Unserviceable Flags is outlined in Resolution No. 440, passed by the 19th National Convention of The American Legion in New York, Sept. 20-23, 1937. The ceremony has been an integral part of American Legion ritual since that date.

http://www.legion.org/flag/ceremony

Participate in American Flag Presentation

Receive A.F.P.I. Certificate of Completion

American Flag

Protocol Initiative

This is to certify that

has successfully completed the

sequence of courses in the American

Flag Protocol Initiative.

Date