flexible power generation enabling wide...

Flexible Power GenerationEnabling Wide Integration of RES

Kenneth Engblom,

Marketing Director, Power Plants

Wärtsilä Corporation

EPG Summit, Prague, Dec 4 2012 Kenneth Engblom , Wartsila Corporation

The European Power Generation Strategy Summit& Power Project Financing and New Technologies Forum

3rd-5th December 2012 | Four Seasons - Prague | Czech Republic

Wind chasing in Colorado, US

Coal power plants

Load

Wind generation

Gas generation

Plains End 1 & 2 power plants

Flexible generation

In systems with high wind penetration, thermal power plants face

• Lower average load & more part load operation

• Faster ramp up’s and down’s

• More starts and stops

Grid operator data from:


This is how it used to be!

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

GW

Hour

Production by technology

NUCLEAR

COAL

CC GT

OC GT

This is where it is heading!

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

GW

Hour

NUCLEAR

COAL

CC GT

SOLAR

WIND

OC GT

FLEX

GEN 2

FLEX

GEN 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

GW

Hour

Commercial challenge

NUCLEAR

COAL

FLEX

GEN 2

SOLAR

WIND

FLEX

GEN 1

Conventional Plants-shorter Operating hours

-reduced thermal efficiency

-increased wear & tear

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

GW

Hour

Technical challenge

NUCLEAR

COAL

FLEX

GEN 2

SOLAR

WIND

FLEX

GEN 1

Quick Starts

& loading

Quick Stops &

de-loading

Part load & Spinning reserves

Smart Power Systems

Commercial challengeHow can market support investments in flexibility ?

How to differentiate between capacity and adequacy?

Regulation/Subsidy vs. market driven ?

Technical ChallengeWhat type of flexibility do we need ?

How is the flexibility technically achieved ?

How to maintaining high efficiency and low emissions?

How to avoid increasing Wear & Tear ?

Reliable Sustainable

Affordable

Smart

Power

System


Options to make Power Systems smarter?

Demand Side

Management(Smart Grid)

Energy StorageInterconnection(Larger Smart Grids)

Smart

Power

Generation

Smart

Power

System


What makes Power Generation Smart?

• High efficiency

– Immediately & at any load

• Fuel flexibility

– Gas , Diesel, HFO, Bio Fuels, Hydrogen

• Reliable, Dependable and committable

– Multiple generating units & Firm capacity

• Operate on multiple markets

– Energy markets (kWh)

– Capacity markets (kW)

– Ancillary services markets (+/ - kW / s)

• Optimum plant location close to

consumers

– CHP opportunities

• Fast access to income through

fast-track project delivery

– Modular design, Step-vise investments

• Competitive O&M costs

– No impact of varying running conditions

Fuel

FlexibilityOperational

Flexibility

Energy

Efficiency

Smart

Power

Generation


What does this technology look like?


Modern Gas Engines – Superior flexibility

From Stand-still:

Power out in <60s

From stand-still to 100 % load in less than 5 minutes

From 100 % - to total stop in 1 minute

While running:

From 0 – 100% load in <60s


Combustion engine fast starting, loading and unloading

750

600

450

300

150

00 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300

seconds

Speed acceleration (25s)

Synchronisation (<5s)rpm

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

90

100

Load %

330

rpm

Load

Prelubrication (30s)

Loading (< 4 minutes)

Only 5 minutes from start command to full load

Engines in HOT STANDBY mode, i.e. preheated (HT water temp. >70 °C)

Only 1 minut from full load to stop

After only 5 minutes, loading again

* Wärtsilä 34SG C2 50 Hz/750 rpm


Multiple Units (Efficiency)

• Highest efficiency over wide plant

load range 10-100%

Engine 10Engine 9Engine 8Engine 4Engine 3 Engine 6


Multiple Units (Step Wise investments)

Power Generation based on multiple engines

2013- 100MW

Simple Cycle

2015 -200MW

Simple Cycle

2017 -330 MW

Combined Cycle


Fuel flexibility

• Fuel flexibility is important in locations where:

– Gas infrastructure becomes available later

– Gas supply interruptions occur

• Wärtsilä DF (dual fuel) engines can operate on a wide variety of fuels, including:

– Natural gas (NG), Liquified natural gas (LNG)

– Light fuel oil (LFO) , Heavy fuel oil (HFO) & Liquid biofuels (LBF)

• DF engines can transfer from gas to liquid fuel operation, or vice versa, during

operation, at any load, instantaneously and automatically

• Sangachal, Azerbajan

• 18X18V50DF, 308 MW

• Tri Fuel: Natural gas & LFO & HFO

• Year of completion: 2009


Gas combustion engine, 50SG

Highest efficiency existing today

among all simple cycle power plants

50 Hz/500 rpm 18,3 MW Power (e)

60 Hz/514 rpm 18,8 MW Power (e)

Heat rate 7411 kJ/kWh *

Electrical efficiency 48.6 % *

*

Heat rate and electrical efficiency at generator terminals, including engine driven pumps, ISO 3046

conditions and gas LHV > 28 MJ/Nm3. Tolerance 5%. Power factor 0.8. Gas Methane Number > 80.

Nm3 defined at NTP (273.15 K and 101.3 kPa).

Example of a 480 MW combined cycle power plant with 24 generating

units of Wärtsilä 18V50SG and 1 steam turbine

With the Flexicycle™ solution the

advantages of a flexible simple cycle plant

are combined with the superb efficiency of

a combined cycle plant


WÄRTSILÄ 500 MW FLEXICYCLE

Combustion Engine:From standstill to Power Out in 1 min

10- 90% load in < 1 min 400MW in 1 min!

Steam Turbine:90-100% Load in < 15 min 100MW in 15 min


TIME: 0 Min

LOAD: 0 %

Efficiency: 0 %

-> 1 min

-> 10%

-> 30%

-> 2 min

-> 90%

-> >48%

-> 17 min

-> 100%

-> >50%

Dispatchers Dream:

0

20

40

60

80

100

Output (%)

SMART POWER GENERATION - VALUES & FEATURES

VALUE

• Grid stability

support

• Ancillary Service

market

VALUE

• Competitive life

cycle generation cost

• Any output, same

generation cost

1

2 3

4

5

1 FASTSTART 2 BASELOAD3 LOAD

FOLLOWING

4 LOW-LOAD

OPERATION5 FAST STOP

FEATURES

• Power to grid in

<1min

• 5 min to full power

• Start up efficiency

FEATURES

• Highest simple

cycle efficiency

• Multi unit -> high

firm capacity

• Flexicycle ™

VALUE

• Wind balancing

• Ancillary Service

market

FEATURES

• Part load efficiency

unaffected

• No EOH cost for

cycling

VALUE

• ”low load” = No load

• Not running when

no revenue

FEATURES

• 1min shutdown

• No minimum down

time

• Zero fuel cost

• Zero emissions

VALUE

• Not running when

no revenue

• PV enabler

FEATURES

• 1min shutdown

• No minimum up

time

• No EOH calculation

ALL in ONE !

EOH: Equivalent Operating Hours


Do these Smart Power Generation type

plants exist?


Some Natural Gas Power Plant references……

STEC Pearsall, USAOutput: 202 MW

Fuel: Natural Gas

Prime movers: 24 x Wärtsilä 20V34 SG

Operating mode: Wind following

Start of commercial operation: 2009


230 MW, USA

Plains End I and II, Colorado, USAFuel: Natural Gas

Prime movers: 20 x Wärtsilä 18V34 SG, 14 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG

Output: 231 MW

Operating mode: Peaking / Wind following

Year of completion: 2001 & 2006


163 MW, USA

Humboldt Bay Generating Station, California, USAFuel: Dual (Natural Gas & LFO)

Prime movers: 10 x Wärtsilä 18V50DF

Output: 163 MW

Operating mode: Flexible Baseload

Year of completion: 2010

Scope: EPC


260 MW, Estonia

Kiisa Power Plant, EstoniaFuel: Dual (Natural Gas & LFO)

Prime movers: 27 x Wärtsilä 20V34DF

Output: 250 MW

Operating mode: Grid stability (200 operating hours per year)

Year of completion: Planned 2013

Scope: EPC


Conclusion, Smart Power Generation

www.smartpowergeneration.com

Reliable Sustainable

Affordable

Smart

Power

System

Enable!

Fuel

Flexibility

Operational

Flexibility

Energy

Efficiency

Smart

Power

Generation

Making Power Generation Smarter!


http://www.smartpowergeneration.com/

flexible power generation enabling wide...

Documents