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Page 1: Flow chart

Flow  Chart  

Page 2: Flow chart

What  is  a  Flowchart  

•  Is  a  diagram  that  uses  graphic  symbols  to  represent  the  nature  and  flow  of  the  steps  in  a  process  

Page 3: Flow chart

When  Should  Use  It?  

•  At  the  beginning  of  your  process  improvement  efforts  

•  Understanding  of  a  process  by  explaining  the  steps  pictorially  (illustrated)  

Page 4: Flow chart

When  Should  Use  It?  

•  Because  the  visually  sequence  steps,  it  can  be  very  helpful  in  training  the  employees  according  to  standardized  procedures  

•  IdenHfy  process  improvement;  once  you  break  down  the  process,  problem  areas  become  more  visible  

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When  Should  Use  It?  

•  Easy  to  spot  redundant  steps  and  rework  loops  

•  Helping  the  process  workers  to  understand  who  their  customer  are,  and  how  they  may  someHmes  act  as  suppliers  and  someHmes  as  customers  in  relaHons  to  other  people  

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QuesHon!  

• What  is  a  Flowchart?  

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QuesHon!  

•  Benefits  of  Flowchart?  

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What  Symbols  are  Used?  

•  Symbols  have  specific  meanings  and  are  connected  by  arrows  indicaHng  the  flow  from  one  step  to  another  – Oval;  starHng  point  – Box;  acHvity  in  the  process  – Diamond;  decision  point  – Circle;  parHcular  step  is  connected  to  another  page  

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What  are  the  level  of  Flowchart  Detail?  

•  Consider  how  it  will  be  used  and  the  amount  and  kind  of  informaHon  needed  by  the  people  who  will  use  it  – Macro  level;  big  picture  – Mini;  focus  on  only  a  part  of  macro-­‐level  – Micro;  people  trying  to  improve  the  way  a  job  is  done  (very  detailed),  documenHng  every  acHon  and  decision  

Page 10: Flow chart

The  Symbols  

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The  Levels  

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How  Do  We  Get  Started?  

•  Determine  what  you  expect  to  get  from  the  Flowchart  

•  IdenHfy  who  will  use  it  and  how  •  Define  the  level  of  detail  you  need  

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Boundaries!  

•  These  are  the  starHng  and  ending  points  for  your  Flowchart  

•  E.g.  for  repair  shop  for  pump;  might  start  when  pump  enters  the  shop  and  when  it  passes  final  tesHng  

•  Boundaries  determine  the  number  of  acHviHes  to  be  studied  and  the  number  of  people  involved  in  the  process,  funcHonally  and  cross-­‐funcHonally  

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What  are  the  keys  to  successful  flowcharHng  

•  It  is  vital  that  you  start  by  depicHng  the  process  the  way  it  really  works  

•  You  need  to  chart  the  process  as  it  is  

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The  Success  

•  Start  with  the  BIG  Picture  – It  is  best  to  draw  the  macro  level  first,  then  increased  levels  of  detail  

•  Observe  the  current  process  (in  actual  operaHon)  

•  Record  the  process  steps  you  observed  •  Arrange  the  sequence  of  steps  •  Draw  the  flowchart  

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QuesHon!  

•  The  Key  Success?  

Page 17: Flow chart

Flowchart  Types  

•  Three  main  types  – Linear;  is  a  diagram  that  displays  the  sequence  of  work  steps  that  make  up  a  process  (can  help  idenHfy  rework  and  redundant  unnecessary  steps)  

– Deployment  Flowchart  • Shows  the  actual  process  flow  and  idenHfies  the  people  or  groups  involved  at  each  step  

• Chart  shows  where  the  people  or  groups  fit  into  the  process  sequence,  and  how  they  relate  to  one  another  throughout  the  process  

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Flowchart  Types  

•  The  last  one:  – Opportunity  Flowchart  • VariaHons  of  the  basic  linear  type  

– Value  added  steps;    – Cost  added  only;    

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Linear  Example  

Page 20: Flow chart

Deployment  Example  

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How  to  Construct  a  Linear  

•  Define  the  process  to  be  flowcharted  •  Assemble  the  right  people  (actually  involved  in  the  process)  

•  Establish  process  boundaries  (starHng  and  ending  points)  

•  List  the  steps,  acHviHes,  and  decisions  to  be  charted  

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How  to  Construct  a  Linear  

•  Put  the  steps  in  chronological  sequence  (might  form  the  last  to  the  first)  

•  Assign  flowchart  symbols  such  as  boxes,  diamonds  

•  Review  and  Htle  the  flowchart  

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ConstrucHng  a  Linear  Flowchart  

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How  do  we  construct  a  Deployment  Flowchart?  

•  Follow  the  basic  steps  for  construcHng  a  Linear  Flowchart,  but  modify  them  as  follows:  – List  the  major  steps  of  the  process  verHcally  on  the  le_  side  of  a  sheet  of  paper  

– List  the  responsible  process  workers  across  the  top,  each  in  a  separate  column  

– Place  each  step  in  the  appropriate  column  under  the  responsible  process  worker’s  name  

– Connect  the  steps  in  the  order  in  which  they  relate  to  each  other  

NOTE:  EveryhorizontallineinaDeploymentFlowchar9den9fiesacustomer-­‐supplier  rela9onship.  

Page 25: Flow chart

Here  it  is..  

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Example  I  

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Example  II  

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Class  PracHce!!