fog$networks$ - 5g summit · whatis$“fog$network”?$$ • a$network$architecture$that...
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Fog Networks
Mung Chiang
Princeton University 2015
From Cloud to Fog
2000 – 2015 2015 – 2030 ?
What is “Fog Network”?
• A network architecture that uses one or a collaboraGve mulGtude of end-‐user clients or near-‐user edge devices to carry out a substanGal amount of storage (rather than stored primarily in cloud data centers), communicaGon (rather than routed over backbone networks), and control, configuraGon, measurement and management (rather than controlled primarily by network gateways such as those in LTE core).
Many Types of Clients & Edge Devices
Contrast Them With…
Client/Edge/IoT Devices
• Are recently becoming – Powerful (in sensing, storage, compuGng, control, comm.) – SGll limited (in baYery, storage, compuGng, informaGon) – Maybe mobile
• Crowds of clients/edge devices are – Dense – Distributed – Under-‐organized
It has become both feasible and interesGng to ask:
“Can ‘this’ be done at clients/edge?”
Rather Than:
1. LTE Core (P-‐GW, S-‐GW, PCRF…) 2. Data Center 3. Wide area backbone
TradiGonal View
use
Fog View
are (part of)
What If… • The set-‐top box in your living room replaces the DPI box? • The dashboard in your car is your cloud caching content? • Your phone (and other phones) become LTE PDN-‐GW & PCRF?
• The “network edge” gives you the edge • The clients are the controllers
Why Fog?
Brick vs. Click: Physical interacGon & real estate
1. Real-‐Gme processing: right here and now 2. Rapid innovaGon and affordable scaling 3. Client-‐centric objecGves/privacy 4. Pooling of local content/BW/storage/processor 5. Operate on encrypted and mulGpath traffic
Case: OTT Smart Data Pricing (SDP)
Clients can crowd-‐source network inference/measurement and overlay billing
PCRF%
SGSN%
GGSN%
PCEF%
MSP%
OTT%Pricing%System%
Client%%Device%
ISP%Connector%Client%Connector%
Pricing%Policy%&%Algorithms%
SDK
OTT
Case: Client-‐controlled Cloud Storage
Google Drive!
Dropbox!Enterprise
server!
CYRUS! CYRUS!
Box!
Client Control!
CYRUS!
Client Control!
Google Drive!
Client/edge intelligence can commodiGze cloud resources
Case: Client-‐Side HetNets Control
Unlicensed Licensed, Planned Licensed, Unplanned
Core Network
Control Plane
Da
ta Plane
Internet
RNS (RNC, eNodeB)
Wi-‐Fi AP
HNS (SeGW, HNB-‐GW, HomeNodeB)
Clients can autonomously manage/control their own configuraGons
Case: Client Bandwidth Pooling
Idle resources on the edge pooled but shared unpredictably
Fog as an Architecture
EDD Edge-‐Driven “Data-‐center”
EDC Edge-‐Driven Control-‐plane
5G Mobile IoT Data analyGcs
Examples • Over The Top (OTT) content management and SDP • Client-‐centric HetNets Control • Client-‐controlled cloud storage • Session management and signaling load opGmizaGon • Crowd-‐sensing inference of network states • Edge analyGcs and real-‐Gme stream-‐mining
• Clients’ idle compuGng/storage/content pooling • Edge caching/BW management at home gateway/small cell • Client-‐driven distributed beam-‐forming • FlashLinQ/LTE Direct/WiFi Direct/AirDrop • Cloudlets/Micro Datacenters/Mobile CDN
Cloud – Fog Interface
Massive storage Heavy duty computaGon Global coordinaGon Wide-‐area connecGvity
Real Gme processing Rapid innovaGon Client-‐centric Edge resource pooling
Networking Revisited
Relocate Fog
Virtualize SDN
Redefine CCN
Research Challenges • Trustworthiness / verificaGon of client/edge solware & hardware
• IncenGvizaGon of client parGcipaGon
• InteracGons w. client/IoT OS and definiGon of network service APIs • Interfaces: Cloud-‐to-‐cloud and cloud-‐to-‐fog • OscillaGon/divergence and global configuraGon consistency during
the interacGons of local acGons
• Tradeoff of Local vs. Global architecture, Distributed vs. Centralized
Inter-‐Disciplinary SoluGons
Network Engineering
Device Hardware/OS
Economics & Pricing
HCI & App UI/UX
Data Science
hYp://fogresearch.org
“Should ‘this’ be done at clients/edge?”
Impact on Value ProposiGon along Ecosystem Food-‐chain
• End user experience providers? • Network operators? • Equipment vendors? • Cloud service providers? • System integrators? • Edge device manufacturers? • Client/IoT device manufacturers/OS? • Chip suppliers?
