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Warm Mix AsphaltFlorida Public Works Expo 2016Tampa, FloridaJim Warren, Asphalt Contractors Association of Florida, Inc.jwarren@acaf.org

Warm Mix AsphaltJim Warren Overview of WMA and Industrys perspective of its usage nationally and in Florida (20 min)Wayne Rilko FDOT experiences with WMA (15 min)Kelly Brock Castleberrys experiences with WMA (15 min)Q & A: (10 min)

Warm Mix Asphalt Part 1What is it?

Which is Warm mix?How long has it been around?Advantages - Disadvantages?What are the technologies?Resources

What is Warm Mix Asphalt?

Conventional asphalt mix designs (Superpave, Friction Course) produced and placed at lower temperatures by addition of warm mix additive. Very small amounts of additive are used during the production.

What is Warm Mix? (continued)WMA technologies reduce the viscosity (the thickness) of the asphalt binder so that asphalt aggregates can be coated at lower temperatures.Warm mix meets the same mixture requirements as Superpave or Friction Courses. Reductions of 50 to 100 degrees F have been documented. 25-50F is common.

What is Warm Mix? (continued)FHWA Definition: WMA is a general term for technologies that reduce the temperature needed to produce and compact asphalt mixtures for the construction of pavements. With WMA, temperatures generally start 30 F to 70F lower during mixing and remain lower during trucking, placement, and compaction. The mixture cools after compaction to form the asphalt pavement.FDOT: 285 F or less and use a warm mix additive

How long has it been around?Research in Europe in Mid 1990sUS Scan tour in 2002.2004 World of Asphalt Demo in Nashville, TNDemos and conferences since.Implementation nationwide

National Use Statistics

What are the Advantages?Reduction in TemperatureReduced Aging of BinderReduction in Fuel needed to make MixLower emissionsIncreased workabilityLonger Haul distancesExpanded paving season.

Warm Mix Asphalt

Temp = 320 F Temp = 245 F

Such as Warm-Mix Asphalt.

Allows the manufacturing of asphalt mixtures at dramatically lower temperatures (50 100 deg. less than conventional)

Originally sought for its environmental and health benefits: Reduced fuel consumption at asphalt plant (~20-30%). Reduced fumes and emissions, including greenhouse gasses (~30-90%).

Has proven to provide a number of construction benefits: Longer haul distances. Extending paving season (can be paved at cooler temperatures). Better compaction. Decreased binder aging.

There are a number of technologies.

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Warm Mix AsphaltReduced Emissions at PlantConventional MixWarm Mix

Increased workability

Graph courtesy of Chris Nesmith FDOT Turnpike

OPC Video Clip US27

What are the Disadvantages?Not everyone sees the benefits of WMA.Conventional wisdom of Hotter is BetterMany customers different wants.Savings not as advertised.Difficult for asphalt plant to make Hot Mix and Warm Mix together.High moisture contents (Agg and RAP) take high temperatures to dry and heat.Potential tenderness in field.

Whats happing in Florida Warm Mix hasnt caught on to the extent as other states as defined by FHWA/FDOT.Running warm mix technologies at not so warm mix temperatures. (above 275F) as a compaction aid:Maintain recycle contents and temperatures.Might be a option to help change culture over time.Aggregate specific issues with high moisture conditions in FL.

Warm Mix TechnologiesFoamed Asphalt MixturesAdditive added to the BinderAdditive added to the MixtureWet Aggregate Mixtures

Advanced Concepts Engineering Co.: LEA-CO AESCO/Madsen:Eco-Foam IIAkzo Nobel: Rediset WMX All States Materials Group: ECOBIT Arkema Group: CECABASE RT Aspha-min: Aspha-min Online Astec Industries: Double Barrel Green System **Gencor Industries: Green Machine Maxam Equipment Inc.:Aquablack Warm Mix Asphalt McConnaughay Technologies: Low Emission AsphaltMeadWestvaco Asphalt Innovations: Evotherm Meeker Equipment Corp. Inc.: Aqua Foam Warm Mix Asphalt SystemPQ Corporation: Advera WMA Sasol Wax North America Corporation: Sasobit Shell:Shell Thiopave Stansteel: Accu-Shear Dual Warm-Mix Additive SystemTerex Roadbuilding: Warm Mix Asphalt System

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SummaryWarm mix is just not so hot Hot Mix AsphaltWarm mix is another tool in the tool box.Dont mandate use of WMA or specific products. Let the market sort it out.Focus on the putting the right mix (type/thickness) in the right place (condition) at the right time (LCC).

Warm Mix ResourcesGoogle: Warm Mix AsphaltOfficial Site: http://www.warmmixasphalt.com/FHWA Web site: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/innovation/everydaycounts/edc-1/wma.cfmComprehensive Article:http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/naylor/NAPS0112/index.php2013 Nova Award: https://youtu.be/q47p1SAy4g4

Sheet1The paving operation-Operation went well. Asked the crew and they said that it felt the same while they were paving.-Noticed the lead roller was laying back and roller operator said the material was starting to pick up so he laid back.-Joints cause some issues -- seemed the material got stiff and unworkable quickly -- could be "breaking" or simply temp loss.-Material was not segregated and "pretty".-Temperature at paving was 80 to 85 and it was sunny.-Haul distance was about 20 minutes.-A transfer device was used with re-mixing capability.-Georgia Granite mix design (1 percent hydrated lime).Cautionary issues:"Break" time has not been determined.DurabilitySkidPermeabilityMoisture Susceptibility

Temp Drop over Time13712570134441251481211331151391071267812311365

AsphaMinConventionalTime (minutes)Temp Drop ( F)Temp Drop vs. Timey = -0.0195x2 + 2.3228x + 66.012R2 = 0.9719y = -0.1236x2 + 8.147x + 17.182R2 = 0.9746

AsphaMin230.07 Tons of AsphaMin FC-5 (LD 06-2549A) Warm Mix Placed from the Winter Springs Bridge to the Red Bug Lake Rd BridgeTruck NumberLoad NumberTruck Temp at PlantTime Left PlantTruck Temp at SiteArrival Time2131270 F11:15 AM270 F11:35 AM622270 F11:25 AM260 F11:40 AM833270 F11:30 AM260 F894270 F11:41 AM265 F6555275 F11:48 AM260 F636265 F12:00 PM260 F2137265 F12:07 PM260 F628275 F12:19 PM899270 F12:28 PM8310265 F12:39 PM65511270 F12:46 PMAverage:269 FAverage:262 FAverage Drop From Plant to Site:7 FLocationPavement Temp at ScreedTime at ScreedPavement TemperatureTimeTemperature DropElapsed TimeAt Bridge246 F11:45 AM121 F12:51 PM125 F66125662500260 F11:50 AM123 F12:50 PM137 F6013760256 F11:52 AM0 F013451259 F11:54 AM0 F0125422750259 F11:58 AM125 F12:49 PM134 F5112134252 F12:00 PM0 F011526254 F12:04 PM0 F0107183000250 F12:06 PM125 F12:48 PM125 F42787256 F12:08 PM0 F0255 F12:10 PM0 F03250251 F12:13 PM130 F12:47 PM121 F343500252 F12:20 PM137 F12:46 PM115 F26253 F12:25 PM0 F03750252 F12:27 PM145 F12:45 PM107 F18248 F12:29 PM0 F0250 F12:31 PM0 F04000253 F12:34 PM175 F12:41 PM78 F7251 F12:36 PM0 F0Average:253 FAverage Drop from Site to Screed:9 FAverage Drop from Plant to Screed:16 F

Conventional104.32 Tons of Conventional FC-5 (SPM 05-4494A) Hot Mix Placed 1,758 Feet North of the Winter Springs Bridge to the Winter Springs Bridge in Lane L2Truck NumberLoad NumberTruck Temp at PlantTime Left PlantTruck Temp at SiteArrival Time621305 F300 F832310 F9:56 AM305 F893310 F310 F6554305 F10:10 AM305 F10:47 AM635305 F10:20 AM305 FAverage:307 FAverage:305 FAverage Drop From Plant to Site:2 FLocationPavement Temp at ScreedTime at ScreedPavement TemperatureTimeTemperature DropElapsed Time10273 F10:25 AM0 F0707100283 F10:27 AM213 F10:34 AM70 F7443150285 F10:29 AM0 F014824200283 F10:31 AM239 F10:34 AM44 F313324300287 F10:33 AM0 F013923400285 F10:37 AM0 F012618500283 F10:38 AM135 F11:02 AM148 F2412316600283 F10:40 AM150 F11:04 AM133 F2411316700283 F10:42 AM144 F11:05 AM139 F23658800272 F10:48 AM146 F11:06 AM126 F18900286 F10:50 AM163 F11:06 AM123 F161000280 F10:52 AM167 F11:08 AM113 F161100289 F10:54 AM0 F01200279 F10:56 AM0 F01250181 F11:09 AM0 F01350280 F10:59 AM0 F01400278 F11:00 AM0 F01500290 F11:02 AM225 F11:10 AM65 F81600295 F11:04 AM0 F01700290 F11:06 AM0 F01758280 F11:08 AM0 F0Average:283 FAverage Drop from Site to Screed:22 FAverage Drop from Plant to Screed:24 F