france, britain, eastern europe, art. europe in 1919
TRANSCRIPT
France, Britain, Eastern Europe, Art
France, Britain, Eastern Europe, Art
Europe in 1919Europe in 1919
League of Nations MembersLeague of Nations Members
Washington Naval Conference[1921-1922]
Washington Naval Conference[1921-1922]
U. S. Britain Japan France Italy 5 5 3 1.67 1.67
U. S. Britain Japan France Italy 5 5 3 1.67 1.67
Kellogg-Briand Pact: 1928Kellogg-Briand Pact: 1928
15 nations committed to outlawing aggression and war for settling disputes.
Problem no way of enforcement.
15 nations committed to outlawing aggression and war for settling disputes.
Problem no way of enforcement.
Raymond Poincaré & the Conservative Right
Raymond Poincaré & the Conservative Right He sent French troops into the Ruhr in 1923.
Pushed for large-scale infrastructure reconstruction programs [counting on German reparations to pay for them].
After 1926-29:
• New taxes & tightened tax collections.
• Drastic decline in govt. spending that stabilized the franc [the threat of runaway inflation was avoided!]
He sent French troops into the Ruhr in 1923.
Pushed for large-scale infrastructure reconstruction programs [counting on German reparations to pay for them].
After 1926-29:
• New taxes & tightened tax collections.
• Drastic decline in govt. spending that stabilized the franc [the threat of runaway inflation was avoided!]
Problems in Interwar France
• Severe economic problems• inflation• war debt• cost of building defenses against Germany
The Maginot Line
The Maginot Line
Locarno Pact: 1925Locarno Pact: 1925
GustaveStresemann(Ger.)
GustaveStresemann(Ger.)Aristide
Briand(Fr.)
AristideBriand(Fr.)
Austin Chamberlain (Br.)
Austin Chamberlain (Br.)
Guaranteed the common boundaries of Belgium, France, and Germany as specified in the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.
Germany signed treaties with Poland and Czechoslovakia, agreeing to change the eastern borders of Germany by arbitration only.
Guaranteed the common boundaries of Belgium, France, and Germany as specified in the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.
Germany signed treaties with Poland and Czechoslovakia, agreeing to change the eastern borders of Germany by arbitration only.
Locarno Pact: 1925Locarno Pact: 1925
France Tries to Encircle Germany in Defensive
Alliances
• Czechoslovakia
• Poland
• Romania
• Yugoslavia
• Russia
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Losing Confidence in French Gov’t
due to the Great
Depression
Losing Confidence in French Gov’t
due to the Great
Depression Leon Blum
Popular Front
Partial nationalization
*gov’t attempting to control economy
*unions gain political strength
Leon Blum
Popular Front
Partial nationalization
*gov’t attempting to control economy
*unions gain political strength
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Ramsay MacDonald: 1924, 1929
Ramsay MacDonald: 1924, 1929
Labour PartyLabour Party
Stanley BaldwinStanley Baldwin
Conservative PartyConservative Party
1926 General Strike1926 General Strike
Trades Disputes Act (1927):
All general or sympathy strikes were illegal.
It forbade unions from raising money for political purposes.
Trades Disputes Act (1927):
All general or sympathy strikes were illegal.
It forbade unions from raising money for political purposes.
Irish QuestionsIrish QuestionsEaster Rising 1916
Michael Collins -Irish nationalist
Sinn Fein - Irish nationalist party. Their military branch was the Irish Republican Army (IRA)
1922 Irish Free State - Northern Protestant counties remain w England.
- Catholic Southern counties become Republic of Ireland
Many still want one united country
Easter Rising 1916
Michael Collins -Irish nationalist
Sinn Fein - Irish nationalist party. Their military branch was the Irish Republican Army (IRA)
1922 Irish Free State - Northern Protestant counties remain w England.
- Catholic Southern counties become Republic of Ireland
Many still want one united country
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Eastern Europe Before World War II
Shaky
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George Grosz
Grey Day
(1921)
George Grosz
Grey Day
(1921)
DaDa
George Grosz
The Pillars of Society
(1926)
George Grosz
The Pillars of Society
(1926)
DaDa
Picasso Studio with Plaster Head [1925]
Picasso Studio with Plaster Head [1925]
Cubism
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Guernica by Pablo Picasso 1937This monumental work has eclipsed the bounds of a single time and place, becoming a perpetual reminder of the tragedies of war, an anti-war symbol, and an embodiment of peace.
Georges Braque Still Life LeJeur [1929]
Georges Braque Still Life LeJeur [1929]
Cubism