Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Blood

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

What is Blood?• Blood is the fluid that carries

nutrients, gases, hormones and wastes around the body

• Blood consists of:– plasma (the liquid part) 55% of volume– cellular components 45% of volume

(red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets)

• Average adult human has 5 to 6 L of blood (about 8% of body mass)

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Blood Composition

Plasma is a straw-colored liquid that contains dissolved proteins, salts, minerals, and hormones

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Cellular Components of Blood

POINT OF COMPARISON

RED BLOOD CELL

WHITE BLOOD CELL

PLATELETSLEUCOCYTES LYMPHOCYTES

ORIGINRed bone marrow

Red bond marrow

Spleen, lymph glands

Red bone marrow, lungs

CELLS/mm3 OF BLOOD

4.5 - 5.5 million 6000 2000 250 000

RELATIVE SIZE

Small (8 μm diameter)

Largest (up to 25 μm)

Large (10 μm) Smallest (2 μm)

FUNCTION

To carry oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from cells

To engulf foreign particles

To play a role in the formation of antibodies

To play a role in the clotting of blood

LIFE SPAN 120 daysA few hours to a few days

Unknown 7-8 days

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Blood Groups• There are four different kinds of

blood types: A, B, AB, or O

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Blood Groups

BLOOD GROUP

ANTIGENS PRESENT ON SURFACE OF

RBC

ANTIBODIES PRESENT IN

BLOOD PLASMA

A A B

B B A

AB A and B Neither A nor B

O Neither A nor B A and B

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

RH Factor• Many people also have an Rh factor on the

RBC’s surface. This is also an antigen. • If Rh antigen is present, you are typed Rh+• A person with Rh- blood, does not have Rh

antibodies in their blood plasma. BUT, a person with Rh- blood can DEVELOP Rh antibodies if he/she receives blood from an Rh+ person.

• A person with Rh+ has no problem receiving blood from an Rh- person

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Agglutination• The A antigen and the A antibodies

can bind to each other in the same way that the B antigens can bind to the B antibodies.

• This is what would happen if, for instance, a B blood person receives blood from an A blood person.

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

You are a surgical intern at Seattle Grace Hospital working long hours in the ER. Consider the following cases…

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Blood Groups• Which blood group would be

considered a “Universal Donor”?

• Which blood group would be considered a “Universal Recipient”?

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Intro To Stem Cells

Friday December 7, 2007 SBI3U | A. Manaktola

Debate TopicCan you fix a broken heart?

• Embryonic stem cell research is a controversial topic. – While some people believe that research should go

on in this field in order to develop cures for many diseases, others believe that it is not ethical to kill embryos – even if it is to save the lives of others.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3529765.stmhttp://stemcells.nih.gov/info/scireport/

chapter9.asp