Fuel Cells and HydrogenJoint Undertaking (FCH JU)

2nd Stakeholders General Assembly

Professor Peter P. EdwardsUK Sustainable Hydrogen Energy Consortium (UK-SHEC)

Head of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Oxford

26th October 2009

Hydrogen Production and DistributionHydrogen Production and Distribution

Hydrogen: First on the Periodic TableHydrogen: First on the Periodic Table

Metallic HydrogenMetallic Hydrogen

Metallic HydrogenMetallic Hydrogen

Hydrogen: The First Alkali MetalHydrogen: The First Alkali Metal

P.P.Edwards, V.L.Kuznetsov, W.I.F.David, N.P.Brandon, Energy Policy, 36, (2008), p.4356

The Hydrogen EconomyThe Hydrogen Economy

The Innovation LandscapeThe Innovation Landscape

Research Applied Research and Development Demonstration

Pre-competitive demonstration

and deployment

Market deployment

Research Councils

Technology Strategy Board

Energy Technologies Institute

Carbon Trust

Environmental Transformation Fund

Market-based mechanisms

Ray Eaton, Assistant Director, Department of Energy & Climate Change

• Strong research base – universities

• Relatively small number of potentially world-class companies

• Regionally focused activities including infrastructure development

• UK has been a good source of capital

The UK Fuel Cell and Hydrogen SceneThe UK Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Scene

Ray Eaton, Assistant Director, Department of Energy & Climate Change

• SUPERGEN directed programmes in Hydrogen (2) and Fuel Cells (1)

• Socio-economics is integrated within the work of the UK Sustainable Hydrogen Consortium (UK-SHEC)

• University spin-off companies

Research BaseResearch Base

Ray Eaton, Assistant Director, Department of Energy & Climate Change

• Fuel cell developers– Intelligent Energy (PEM)– Ceres Power (SOFC)– Rolls Royce Fuel Cells Ltd (SOFC)– CMR Fuel Cells (DMFC)

• Component suppliers / Other– Johnson Matthey (MEAs, catalysts)– ITM Power (electrolysers)– Acal (Liquid cathode technology)

Some UK Fuel Cell CompaniesSome UK Fuel Cell Companies

Ray Eaton, Assistant Director, Department of Energy & Climate Change

• The Technology Strategy Board supports industrial research and development in a wide range of technologies through a series of competitions.

Support for Industrial Research, Development and Support for Industrial Research, Development and DemonstrationDemonstration

Ray Eaton, Assistant Director, Department of Energy & Climate Change

• North East – hydrogen and electric vehicle recharging• Midlands – British Midlands Hydrogen Ring• London – London Hydrogen Partnership, buses• Scotland – Aberdeen hydrogen highway• Wales – Renewable Hydrogen Centre

Regions / Devolved AdministrationsRegions / Devolved Administrations

Ray Eaton, Assistant Director, Department of Energy & Climate Change

• Delivery of Sustainable Hydrogen

14 consortia £62m support since 2003 Over 40 institutions Programme finishes 2010-3

SUPERGEN ConsortiaSUPERGEN Consortia

University of Glamorgan

University of Leeds

Loughborough University

University of Sheffield

University of Nottingham

University of Birmingham

University of Oxford

Imperial College London

Rutherford Appleton Laboratories

Newcastle University

Strathclyde University

University of Warwick

Swansea University

Cardiff University

University of Salford

University of SurreyUniversity of ReadingUniversity of Southampton

University of St Andrews

University of Greenwich

University of Manchester

University of Ulster

University of Sussex

Kingston University

Heriot Watt University

Queen Mary, University of London

University of Cambridge

University of East Anglia

University of Bath

University College London

University of Glasgow

University of Edinburgh

University of LiverpoolUniversity of Hertfordshire

UK-SHECH&FC Research at UK UniversitiesH&FC Research at UK Universities

UK-SHEC considers that hydrogen ultimately derived from

renewable sources and used as an energy vector must be

considered as a major component of a sustainable energy

future in the UK and internationally

The UK Sustainable Hydrogen Energy Consortium The UK Sustainable Hydrogen Energy Consortium (UK-SHEC) (UK-SHEC)

VisionVision

“There exists the necessity for an epoch-making advance in new materials for hydrogen storage…. This is the hardest challenge”

Masatami TakimotoExecutive Vice President, Toyota Motor Corporation

Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Expo 2006Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Expo 2006400 Exhibitors: 23,039 Professional Visitors

R.Helmolt, U.Eberle (General Motors), J. Power Sources, 2007, 165, p.833

Hydrogen Storage:Hydrogen Storage:The OptionsThe Options

The Light Periodic TableThe Light Periodic Table

Hydrogen UtilizationHydrogen Utilization

P.P.Edwards, V.L.Kuznetsov, Turning Points in Solid-State, Materials and Surface Science, Chapter 4, 2008, RSC Publishing

Hydrogen Storage UtilizationHydrogen Storage Utilization

J.Kilner, P.P.Edwards, V.L.Kuznetsov, Materials World, July 2009

Nature Materials, 7 (2), 138 - 141 (2008).

Metal-Organic Framework MaterialsMetal-Organic Framework Materials

X.Lin et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2006, 45, 7358 –7364

Hy StorMTuning Promising H2 Storage Materials Towards

Automotive Applications

A Technology Strategy Board Funded Project

ISIS

High throughput materials discovery and characterisationRutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxford University, Ilika, Johnson Matthey

In-situ bulk characterisation Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxford University

Chemical control of decomposition temperature Chemical control of decomposition temperature (LiK(BH(LiK(BH44))22) )

(LiK(BH4)2) LiBH4

E. A. Nickels, M. O. Jones, W. I. F. David, S. R. Johnson, R. L. Lowton, M. Sommariva and P. P. EdwardsAngewandte Chemie Int. Ed., 47 1-4 (2008)

Renewable Energy (all Known Sources)

Electricity - then electrolysis of water

Hydrogen

CO2 + H2 CO + H2O

2H2 + CO (CH2)n + H2O

HydrocarbonsStore energy as hydrocarbons

Transport energy as hydrocarbons

Use hydrocarbons as liquid fuels

Hydrocarbons + air CO2 + water

NET production of carbon dioxide in ZERO

Professor Malcolm L. H. Green, Professor Peter P. Edwards

Sequestered

Oxford Energy CycleOxford Energy Cycle

• Principle Investigator – Ian Metcalfe (Univ. Newcastle)• Research Director – John T.S. Irvine (Univ. St. Andrews)• Project Manager – Martin J. Smith (Univ. St. Andrews)

UK EPSRC Supergen Consortium XIV1st October 2008 - 2012

Delivery of Sustainable HydrogenDelivery of Sustainable Hydrogen

Delivery of Sustainable HydrogenDelivery of Sustainable Hydrogen

Main focuses:•Conversion of electrons, hydrocarbons and biomass-derived fuel sources into hydrogen or indirect hydrogen carriers •Lower cost and improved efficiency•Socio-technical impacts•Technical elements:

• Catalytic and electrocatalytic processes• Separation membranes – oxide, metal, polymer• Chemical cycling & CO2 re-use

• Alternative H2 carriers – urea & NH3

• Efficient small scale liquifaction

Oxford: A Chemical Grand ChallengeOxford: A Chemical Grand Challenge

Turning COTurning CO22 into Fuel into Fuel

The UK Sustainable Hydrogen Energy ConsortiumThe UK Sustainable Hydrogen Energy Consortium