future challenges in transportation (handels 20101011).pptx
DESCRIPTION
The transportation industry faces a number of challenges in the near future. This presentation describes the transportation system from different points of view and suggests that the future can be described in four areas: Connected Vehicle, Connected Goods, Connected Business and Connected Infrastructure.TRANSCRIPT
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Future challenges in transporta6on
(and logis6cs)
Per Olof Arnäs, PhD TRB Sverige per-‐[email protected]
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How much of the goods transported by the haulage industry are loaded on pallets?
Source: SIKA
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How much of the traffic work* are dedicated to the transport of pallets?
* Traffic work = Vehicle km
Source: SIKA
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How much of the transport work* are dedicated to the transport of pallets?
* Transport work = tonne km
Source: SIKA
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Number of trucks equipped to transport pallets
Source: SIKA
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What do all the other trucks do?
Source: SIKA
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A resource-‐ and competence center 16 partners Turnover 13.5 bn SEK (1.4 bn euro) 7 900 vehicles: 5 900 trucks 2 000 heavy duty machines
10 500 employees Almost 20% of the Swedish haulage industry 2,5 million orders for 80 000 customers Owns more than 30 terminals and 80 quarries
Updated 2010-02-02
Alltransport Norrköping
GDL Helsingborg
MLT Uppsala
ALWEX Växjö/Alvesta
GKF Frakt Kris6anstad
Närkefrakt Örebro
BDX Norrbocen
GLC Göteborg
Samfrakt Kalmar
Bilfrakt.se Skelleeeå/Umeå
LBC Frakt Karlstad
Sundfrakt Sundsvall
Centralen Trollhäcan
LBC Varberg Varberg
FORIA Södertälje
MaserFrakt Borlänge
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LBC-‐companies
Owned by hauliers
Regionally focused
One-‐stop shopping Construc6on industry Waste management and recycling Tradi6onal goods transport Tank and bulk Forest transports Industrial transports 3PL-‐services (storing, kilng etc.)
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Focal areas The work of TRB is closely related to issues relevant for the single haulage company Environmental issues Logis6cs Fuel and supplies IT Procurement Educa6on Safety issues
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Haulage companies own vehicles that are used by…
…transport companies that service…
…customers that own…
…flows that are controlled by…
…logis6cs principles
1 2
3 4
5
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Maintenance
ROI
U6lisa6on
Fuel economy
Second hand value
Alco lock
ISA – Intelligent Speed Adapta6on
Cer6ficates
Driver Educa6on
Rules and regula6ons
Safety
Security
Selec6on of fuel
Mobile IT-‐systems
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The role of a vehicle in the informa6on system
Data consumer: • Order data • Traffic data • AdministraMve data
Data producer: • Order data • Traffic data • AdministraMve data • OperaMon data
Today, most of this communicaMon is carried out by phone, paper, and pencil. In the 70’s, radio communicaMon was used, nothing of note has happened otherwise…
To meet future customer requirements, all of this communicaMon needs to be electronic
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Utlilisa6on
Cer6ficates
Educa6on
Customer contacts
Environmental repor6ng
Resource alloca6on
Route op6misa6on
Transport Management
Service Level
Security Safety
Mobile IT-‐systems
System integra6on
Track and Trace RFID
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The customer pays for transport work. Measured in tonne km.
The haulier’s costs are driven by traffic work.
Measured in vehicle km.
The transport company wants to maximise the amount of transport work and minimise the amount of traffic work
This mechanism is
fundamental to all transport opera6ons!
vehicle km
tonne km
MAX
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From order to invoice (transporta6on company)
Basic data From/To/What/When Owner: the customer
Resource alloca6on What vehicle? Owner: Traffic controller
Cargo informa6on Loaded amount Owner: Supplier
Proof of Delivery Time/date/signature Owner: Driver
Pricing Owner: Financial dept.
Enough informa6on to create invoice
All of these steps cost money!
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Goal: De-‐couple the dependecy between administa6ve cost and order volume
Number of orders per year
Total cost for administra6on of
all orders
An increase in the number of orders lead to increased cost
Handle excep6ons – not transac6ons!
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Cabotage ”Cabotage is the transport of goods or passengers between two points in the same country.” (Wikipedia)
Sweden has a rela6vely high salary level compared to several of the nearby countries such
as the Bal6c states and Poland
Mainly FTL – low barrier The simple reposi6oning of a semi-‐trailer
only requires a trailer truck and a GPS
As soon as value added service elements are introduced in the end points, cabotage becomes more difficult LTL Consumer contact Construc6on industry Etc.
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Four strategies to reduce the environmental footprint of transporta6on
Use less fuel Educa6on Feedback/follow-‐up system
U6lise vehicles more efficiently Planning systems
Informa6on sharing throughout the chain
Use alterna6ve sources of energy Limited availability Warran6es from engine manufacturers
Reduce distances in 6me Resolve conges6on
Use low-‐intensity periods Redirect traffic dynamically
Image: Aspen Petroleum
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Service level
Transport Quality
Price
Reliability Environmental footprint
Lot sizing
Stock levels
System integra6on
Environmental repor6ng
Security
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Central warehouse – tradi6onal layout
• Manufacturers deliver to the same warehouse
• Sales offices have their own warehouses close to their markets
• Sales offices order from the central warehouse
• Several transportaMon companies involved
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Example, decentralised system
• A customer in Östersund (middle of Sweden) orders products before 15.00 day 0. The warehouse is in Helsingborg (south of Sweden).
• Delivery within 44 hours (before 11 day 2)
• Day 0: – Order registra6on
• Day 1: – Picking – Prepare shipment – Pick up by hauler – Line-‐based transport to des6na6on terminal
• Dag 2: – Distribu6on to consignor before 11 o’clock
Day 0 Day 1 Day 2
15:00 11:00 44 h
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Central warehouse – new layout
• Manufacturers deliver to the same warehouse
• Sales offices collect orders and work the market
• The central warehouse delivers directly to the customer
• Probably only one transportaMon company involved
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Example, centralised system
• The same customer in Östersund order products before 15 day 0. The warehouse is in Brussels.
• Delivery is s6ll carried out within 44 hours (before 11 day 2) • Day 0:
– Customer orders electronically. The order is sent directly to the forklie in the central warehouse. – Picking is instantaneous
– Shipment prepared for the ”Sweden line” – Pick up by hauler, transport to transshipment loca6on in Sweden (ca 16 h)
• Day 1: – Transshipment at line-‐based terminal
– Line-‐based transport to receiving terminal
• Day 2: – Distribu6on to consignor before 11 o’clock
Dag 0 Dag 1 Dag 2
15:00 11:00 44 h
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Lot sizing
Uniqueness
Length
Goods or products Goods Heterogeneity
Width
Repe66veness
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What makes some goods heterogeneous?
Difficulty of handling
Poor stowability
Extended liability
Low/high density
FOUR
DIMENSIONS
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Informa6on
Handling
Coordina6on Planning
Time
Control Tower
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Counter
Customer order point/Warehouse
Resellers
Customers
Production
Wholesaler, ”Supply chain manager”
Frie
s D
eep fry
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Transport
Traffic
Goods Vehicles/ vessels
Ways and terminals
Sjöstedt, L. (2005) A conceptual framework for analysing policy maker's and industry roles and perspec6ves in the context of sustainable goods transporta6on In Barriers to sustainable transport : ins0tu0ons, regula0on and sustainability Rietveld, P. and Stough, R. (Eds) Spon, London, pp. 198-‐222.
The haulage industry mainly focuses on the vehicles
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LokalisaMon Land use
Sourcing och distribuMon
Products
LocaMon FaciliMes
Sjöstedt, L. (2005) A conceptual framework for analysing policy maker's and industry roles and perspec6ves in the context of sustainable goods transporta6on In Barriers to sustainable transport : ins0tu0ons, regula0on and sustainability Rietveld, P. and Stough, R. (Eds) Spon, London, pp. 198-‐222.
Transport buying companies tradiMonally focus on products and their movements
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Transport
Traffic
Goods Vehicles/ vessels
Ways and terminals
LocalisaMon Land use
Sourcing and distribuMon
Products
LocaMons FaciliMes
Sjöstedt, L. (2005) A conceptual framework for analysing policy maker's and industry roles and perspec6ves in the context of sustainable goods transporta6on In Barriers to sustainable transport : ins0tu0ons, regula0on and sustainability Rietveld, P. and Stough, R. (Eds) Spon, London, pp. 198-‐222.
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Haulage companies own vehicles that are used by…
…transport companies that service…
…customers that own…
…flows that are controlled by…
…logis6cs principles
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How will the future play out for transporta6on companies?
It is Mme to connect the various enMMes to each other
6
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Connected|Vehicle Seamless communica6on WiFi, 3G/4G, GPRS, Satellite, RFID etc.
First:
Replace current data with electronic alterna6ve
Then: Create new func6onality that uses the new infrastructure
GIS-‐services Vehicle management
Infotainment ”Run6me” cost/revenue 6cker
Subscribe to vehicle func6onality as needed, e.g. extra horse powers
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Connected|Business
When data becomes readily available, data
mining becomes possible Visualisa6ons and mash-‐ups to assist decision making
Large-‐scale and frequent route-‐ and load op6misa6ons
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Connected|Goods The goods will be able to inherit and process the state of their load carrier
The goods will, by their own accord, be able to change route and otherwise affect their movement
The RFID technology taken to the next step
True distributed decision making
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Connected|Infrastructure
Slot management
Conges6on control
Dynamic road pricing
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And finally… The Internet became accesible for Swedish consumers 15 years ago
A (bad and expensive) mix between Teletext and the Yellow Pages
Not very precy
Only nerds owned computers
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And finally… Today, 15 years later, we have
sites like Google Flu Trends Based on what people google and where their computer is located
Two weeks ahead of the official flu tracker
www.google.org
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How will we use the technology in 15 years?
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Thank you!
Per Olof Arnäs per-‐[email protected]
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