future prospects of local non- governmental organization in cambodia : moving beyond aid and the...
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FUTURE PROSPECTS OF LOCAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION IN CAMBODIA:
Moving Beyond aid and the Relevance of Social Entrepreneurship
Cambodia ResearchCJCC, Phnom Penh
24 March 2011
Chhith Sam Ath, Executive Director, The NGO Forum on Cambodia
Outline of PresentationWhat is Civil Society in Cambodia? Five categoriesWhat are the roles of Civil Society?In what sectors are NGOs active?Trends of local and international NGOsFunding and ContributionChallenges face by CSOs/NGOsFuture prospects and trends of local NGOsNGOs and Associations LawFunding sources and its challengesFuture prospective on funding and effectivenessIntroduction to the NGO ForumConclusions
What is Civil Society?
Five categories of civil society Organizations
Traditional Associations/religion groups frequently linked to pagodas (1,111 association registered).
Community based organisations, village development committees, women, youth, farmer groups etc.
Non-Governmental Organisations, 1,564 registered local NGOs (450 active) and 316 International NGOs
Trade Unions, 370 trade unions by August 2005
Other, think tanks, business associations, etc
Functions of Civil Society
Check, monitoring and restraining the government’s exercise of power- Advocating for changes- demanding accountability
Training and empowering community and broad sectors in human rights
Serving as channels by which ideas, concerns, demands of affected people can reach decision makers
Serving as school of democracy and human rights- fostering democratic culture and social capital
What are the roles of Civil Society?
Channel for service delivery where governments are unable or unwilling to provide basic social services
Facilitator of dialogue and negotiation Social conscience – holding authorities
accountable for their actions, Corrective – campaigning against abuses
of power and for the protection and promotion of Human Rights
Source of policy advice - e.g. for peace building or poverty reduction
In what sectors are NGOs active ?
CSOs/NGOs significantly contribute to social and economic development in Cambodia.
Important sectors are: Health & Education Governance & Administration Community, social development Rural Development & Land Management Environment & Conservation Agriculture Gender etc.
NGO disbursements exceeded USD 203 million in 2009
Trends of LNGOs and INGOs Registered at the MOI and MFA
NGO core funding sectors and delegated cooperation 2009 (USD million)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Core Fund Development Partner contribution
Key Challenges faced by CSO/NGOs Limited technical capacity, notably in relation to
management and governance Lack of recognition for represented in dialogue
with Gov’t and DPs Difficulties in accessing relevant information Lack of long term, sustainable funding Uncoordinated demands from donors Lack of coordination, overlapping catchments
and project Limited democracy space for dialogue with
Gov’t and DP Concern over the draft law on NGOs and
Associations
Issues of development aid and its effectiveness: Future prospects and trends of local NGOs
CSOs/NGOs depend on donor findings Donor driven toward ownership of NGOs and
community people Good governance among the sector need to be
improved (16 of 3,000 NGOs registers as NGO good practices)
Localization process International to local NGOs NGO project/s to community based
organization (empowerment)
Continue
Rehabilitation, reconstruction, development (service delivery) and advocacy
Emerging trend of social entrepreneurship toward self-reliance is still limited.
Community mobilization to protect their rights and interest.
Update on the NGOs and Associations Law Since late 2008, NGO Forum has worked very hard on
this issue by strongly coordinating with CCC, MEDiCAM and CHRAC.
A joint statement was issued in mid 2010 asking RGC to: 1) release the draft law, 2) allow resource persons from ministries to attend NGO hosted consultations, 3) seek meaningful and series consultations.
Our collective efforts have resulted in: the draft was shared by MoI on 15 Dec. 2010 National Consultation was postponed from December 28th
to 10th Jan 2011. Most of the NGO/CSO concerns and comments were
heard by the MoI and MFA and the public with the hope that these be reflected/incorporated in the second draft.
NGO and MOI representatives will meet on 29th March to discuss on the second draft.
Funding mobilization and Soruces for NGOs/CSOs
Funding mobilization and sources Provide training, evaluation, assessment etc. Provide catering services Generate income from the credit and savings
project Member contribution and support Renting meeting and workshop room etc. From core fund (churches, and other NGOs) Development partners Other from individual
Challenges for fund mobilization
Key Challenges
Lack of clear plan and implementation for the sustainable of the organizations
No clear resources diversification strategy Lack of initiative toward social
entrepreneurship Less donors who have a long-term supports Confusion of profits and non-profits
organization. Idea of commercialization of the NGOs is
limited.
Future prospective on funding and effectiveness CSO/NGOs need to coordinate planning, funding,
implementation and evaluation Improved internal governance system Continue to have strong coordinating among
NGOs to have a strong voice (advocacy) Improve quality of the programme -- research
and evident based advocacy. Improve technical capacity to be effective
engage with the gov’t and DP.
Introduction of the NGO Forum on Cambodia
The NGO Forum on Cambodia is a membership organisation for 87 local and international NGOs
It exists for information sharing, debate and advocacy on priority issues affecting Cambodia’s development.
The NGO Forums seeks for pro-poor policies, fair and just benefits from the development and good governance.
NGO Forum facilitates and maintains the activities of 11 NGO networks/Fora.
NGO Forum wishes to engage constructively with all development stakeholders
NGO Forum has four programs: Core; Development Issues; Land & Livelihoods; Environment
NGO Forum’s networks/forum
1) River Coalition in Cambodia (RCC)2) Environment Core team (ECT)3) Pesticide Reduction Network (PRN)4) Economic Development Network (EDN)5) Development Policy Forum
1) Aid Effectiveness2) Budget Monitoring
6) Land Action Network for Development (LAND)
7) Forestry and Plantations Network (FPN)8) Indigenous Minority Rights network9) Resettlement Action Network (RAN)
Community Community Community Community Community Community Community
NGO NGO NGO NGO NGO NGO
NGO Network NGO Network
Project Officer Project Officer
Program Manag. Program Manag.
Admin/Finance
Exec Director
Dep. Exec. Dir.
Management Committee
NGO Forum membership
NGO Forum office
NGO Forum
Government
Donors, Embassies,
Aid Agencies
Regional/Internat-ional Advocacy
Campaigns
Through the NGO Forum, NGOs are coordinated and able to speak with one voice to:
Development Issue’s Framework
Development Issues Forum
Aid Effectiveness Working Group
Budget Monitoring WG
Economic Development
Network
Budget transparency, credibility, PFM monitoring
Aid alignment, transparency, accountability, development
effectiveness
Development Issues Forum
Aid Effectiveness Working Group
Budget Monitoring WG
Economic Development
Network
•All NGO Sector/Group•Monitor NSDP, JMIs, Priority Development
Agenda
PFM, EI revenue Management
Aid alignment, transparency, accountability, development
effectiveness
Conclusion
CSOs/NGOs have significantly contribute to economic and social development in Cambodia.
For sustainability of their funding, CSOs/NGOs need to have a long term planning.
Coordination among the CSOs/NGOs is important to ensure effectiveness.
Building capacity of the community is an importance for NGOs that need to be considered.
Democracy space is an important for CSOs/NGOs to ensure effective development.
Social entrepreneurship is a movement toward self-reliance.
GrKuNcMeBaHkarykcitþTukdak;sþb;
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