g balasubramanian. individual position on a learning curve position in a given learning cohort ...
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Individual position on a learning curve Position in a given learning cohort Position in a given universe
Why evaluate?
A marking scheme contains value points for assessment.
They are suggestive. The evaluator has the flexibility to award so
long as the value point is reflected.
What does a marking scheme contain?
It reduces ambiguity in evaluation It reduces subjectivity in evaluation Ir provides standards for evaluation. It is a normative tool for the entire universe
of the examinees.
What is the relevance of marking scheme to an evaluator?
Identification of schools/ candidates Focus on the remuneration by increasing
the quantity of evaluated papers Poor computation of marks No standardized procedures for addition or
recording.
Threats to effective evaluation
It reflects the performance profile of examinees in a given situation.
It shows a meaningful profile when the volume of the examinees is large
It is just an indicator. There is no pre-condition that it has to
remain always normal. The standard curve is never forced on a
cohort
What is the meaning of a Bell curve?
In all normal conditions the curve is skewed. Skewing could be positive or negative.
The skewing of the curve
When the question paper is too easy. When the evaluation is quite liberal and
subjective. When the given cohort are high profile and
high performing learners. When the volume of the examinees is quite
less. When the marking scheme is not objective
When does positive skewing occur?
When the question paper is quite difficult. When the questions are out of focus or
syllabus. When the performance profile of the learners is
low When the learning experiences have been
inadequate When the evaluation is quite tight and
rigorous. When the marking scheme is not objective
When does a negative skewing occur?
Undue emphasis on a given mark Psychological pressure on examiners to
award a given mark Moderation or standardization focusing on a
given mark Student performances targeting a given
mark
What causes J-effect?
Standard Deviation The Standard Deviation is a measure of how
spread out numbers are. Its symbol is σ (the greek letter sigma) The formula is easy: it is the square root of
the Variance. The Variance is defined as: The average of
the squared differences from the Mean.
What is standard deviation?
Standard deviation is the measure of dispersion away from the mean, or average, value
What does standard deviation indicate?
Relating the mean score of a school in a subject with that of the Board score.
Relating the distribution profile of the learners of a school with that of the Board.
How do we assess the performance of a school?
Perceptional variations Indifference in observations Oversights Misconceptions about answers/questions
What kind of variations could occur during evaluation?
Lack of focus/attention Speed of assessment Personal preferences Poor handwriting Styles of answers Ideological differences
Issues in evaluation
Issues in evaluation
Does the teacher have adequate knowledge?
Does the teacher have adequate competence?
Does the teacher take the task with seriousness it deserves?
Mindsets in evaluation
All students getting the same marks in a given subject
All students getting the same marks in Maths and sciences
Case study 3