Gamal Abdel Nasser

  الناصر عبد جمال

By Allon Posen

The Rise and Rule of Nasser(As well as Culture and Religion)

• Born on January, 15th 1918 in Bakos, Alexandria

• Sunni Islam

• He lived in Alexandria until he was eight

• Nasser was not liked by his teachers

• Had Anti-British colonization feelings

• Took part in anti-British street demonstrations

The Rise and Rule of Nasser (cont)• Joined the Royal Military Academy in March 1937

• In May 1948, sent to fight in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War

• By August, he was surrounded by the Israeli Army

• In 1949, joined the “Association of Free officers”

• Elected as the organization’s chairman

• Reassigned himself to a

lower position

The Rise and Rule of Nasser (cont)

• In January 1952, published a “Six-Point Program”

• Group made plans for taking over the government

• Main aim to reestablish a parliamentary democracy

• The revolution began in July 22, 1952

• The revolution ended as a success after a few

days

The Government and its Opposition• Nasser appointed Vice-Chairman of the RCC

(Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council)

• Later, deputy Prime Minister and Interior Minister

• In January 1953, Banned all political parties

• Creating a one-party system called the “Liberation Rally”

• In January 1956, new constitution drawn up

• Most popular during the elections

• In December 1962, the

Arab Socialist Union formed

Domestic Policies• Policies aimed to

– End poverty in Egypt

– Create national pride

– Identify in Egyptians

– Build up the country’s infrastructure

– Egypt free of any British colonialism

• Suez Canal owned by Britain and

France

• In October 1956 Nasser nationalized

the canal

• Resulted in the 1956 Suez Crisis

Foreign Policy• Ended long political influence and relationship with Western countries

• Wanted to bring back an Arab-Islamic identity

• Commenced on relationship with the Soviet Union

• Received military and economic aid

• After the 6 Day War, Arab leaders met in Sudan for the

Khartoum Arab Summit, decided on the “Three Noes,”

No Peace, No Recognition and No Negotiations with Israel

Press Relations

• No Specific Policies

Education and Youth Programs• Modernized Egypt’s education system

• Education freely available to everyone

• Supported the arts, the film, the music industries and literature

Role of Woman

• The National Charter called for an increase of women’s rights

Treatment of Minority Groups

“The Jews of Egypt are living among us and are sons of Egypt. Egypt makes no difference between its sons whether Muslims, Christians, or Jews.”

• Official government stance of Egypt from the 1954 Lavon Affair where nine Egyptian Jews planted bombsaround Cairo

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