geant4 updates makoto asai (slac/sccs) g4namu meeting @ orlando jul/30/2006

Geant4 updates

Makoto Asai (SLAC/SCCS)G4NAMU meeting @ OrlandoJul/30/2006

http://www-unix.oit.umass.edu/~blaylock/hepex/sm-text-logo.gif

July 30, 2006 Geant4 updates @ G4NAMU meeting - M. Asai (SLAC/SCCS) 2

Contents

• Short introduction to Geant4

• New features in versions 8.0 and 8.1

• New features foreseen in version 9.0

• Short introduction to gMocren (former GRAPE)

• Conferences of interests


What is Geant4?

• Geant4 is the successor of GEANT3, the world-

standard toolkit for HEP detector simulation.

• Geant4 is one of the first successful attempt to

re-design a major package of HEP software for

the next generation of experiments using an

Object-Oriented environment.

• A variety of requirements have also taken into

account from heavy ion physics, CP violation

physics, cosmic ray physics, astrophysics, space

science and medical applications.

• In order to meet such requirements, a large

degree of functionality and flexibility are provided.

• G4 is not only for HEP but goes well beyond that.


Flexibility of Geant4• In order to meet wide variety of requirements fro

m various application fields, a large degree of fu

nctionality and flexibility are provided.

• Geant4 has many types of geometrical descriptio

ns to describe most complicated and realistic ge

ometries

– CSG, BREP and Boolean solids

– Placement, replica, divided, parameterized, r

eflected and grouped

– XML interface

• Everything is open to the user

– Choice of physics processes/models

– Choice of GUI, Visualization, persistency, his

togramming technologies


Physics in Geant4• It is rather unrealistic to develop a uniform physics model to cover wide variety of

particles and/or wide energy range.

• Much wider coverage of physics comes from mixture of theory-driven, parameter

ized, and empirical formulae. Thanks to polymorphism mechanism, both cross-s

ections and models (final state generation) can be combined in arbitrary manner

s into one particular process.

• Geant4 offers

– EM processes

– Hadronic processes

– Photon/lepton-hadron processes

– Optical photon processes

– Decay processes

– Shower parameterization

– Event biasing techniques

– And you can plug-in more


Geant4 – Its history• Dec ’94 - Project start

• Apr ’97 - First alpha release

• Jul ’98 - First beta release

• Dec ’98 - First Geant4 public release

• …

• Dec 17th, ’04 - Geant4 version 7.0 release

• June 30th, ’05 - Geant4 version 7.1 release

• Dec 16th, ’05 - Geant4 version 8.0 release

– Feb 10th, ’06 - Geant4 8.0-patch01 release

• June 30th, ’06 - Geant4 version 8.1 release

– Jul 27th, ’06 - Geant4 8.1-patch01 release

• We currently provide two to three public releases every year.

– Bimonthly beta releases are available to the registered beta-testers.


Geant4 Collaboration

Collaborators also from non-member institutions, including

Budker Inst. of PhysicsIHEP Protvino

MEPHI Moscow Pittsburg University

Lebedev

TRIUMF

J.W.GoetheUniversität


http://top25.sciencedirect.com/index.php?subject_area_id=21


http://www.in-cites.com/hotpapers/2004/november04-eng.html

http://www.in-cites.com/hotpapers/2005/jan05-eng.html

http://www.in-cites.com/hotpapers/2005/mar05-eng.html

http://www.in-cites.com/hotpapers/2005/may05-eng.html

http://www.in-cites.com/hotpapers/2005/july05-eng.html

July 30, 2006 Geant4 updates @ G4NAMU meeting - M. Asai (SLAC/SCCS) 12Courtesy of S.Incerti (IN2P3/CNRS)

MAXIISS Columbus AMS

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Bepi Colombo SWIFT

LISA

Smart-2

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JWSTGAIA

Herschel

Cassini

GLAST

XMM-Newton


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Harald Paganetti

GEANT4 based proton dose calculation in a clinical environment: technical aspects, strategies and challenges


Geant4 8.0 - general picture1. New capabilities

– EM (‘standard’) : new MSC model implementation

– New design for particle definitions, no longer ‘static’

– Concrete scoring and filter classes

– Geometry overlap check at construction

2. Improvements and fixes

– to existing hadronic physics modeling & models

– in physics process implementations

3. Migrations, updates

– Support for CLHEP 2.0.X series

– Keeping compatibility with 1.9.X series

– Usage of <sstream> replacing obsolete <strstream>


Geant4 8.1 - general picture1. Adoption of a new Geant4 Software License

2. New capabilities

– Updated particle definitions to match PDG-2005

– New ‘material scanner’ utility

– New ‘tessellated’ solids for interface with CAD systems

– ß-release of very low-energy processes in water

3. Numerous improvements in EM “standard” physics

– Simulation of back-scattering improved

– Tail of angular distribution now material dependent

– Visible energy in sampling calorimeters less sensitive to production threshold

3. Fixes in hadronic physics and reviewed physics-lists

– New combined elastic-scattering models

– Extended use of Binary and Bertini cascade models


EM Physics• New stepping algorithm for multiple-

scattering process (since 8.0)

– To improve behavior of low energy

particles

– Significantly reduced cut

dependency

– More precise visible energy in

sampling calorimeters

– Limits step size for particles

– Extra CPU cost when using same

value of production thresholds

– Mechanism provided to deactivate

step limitation

• Refinements to multiple scattering process (version 8.1)

– Improved back-scattering

– Improved scattering on very thin layers

– Tail of angular distribution now material dependent

– Even less sensitive to production thresholds in sampling calorimeters

• Reintroduced option to create secondaries below the cut near geometrical boundaries (sub-cutoff)

• Improved simulation of ionization for ions

– Data from NIST databases used


Physics … more

• Synchrotron radiation (version 8.1)

• New process version released: new methods for angular distributions; enha

nced to work with local fields and set polarization

• Transition radiation (version 8.1)

• New algorithm for XTR angular distribution

• Multiple scattering does not use table

– Needed to ensure repeatability

• Refined PAI (Photon-Absorption-Ionisation) model

• Low energy EM (version 8.1)

• New models for photoelectric angular distribution

• ß-release of low energy processes in water down to eV scale (Geant4-DN

A)


More …• Data sets

– New data set for high precision neutron processes G4NDL 3.9 (release 8.1)

– New data set for low-energy EM processes G4EMLOW 4.0 (release 8.1)

• Examples

– New extended examples:

• TestEm0 - uses G4EmCalculator to print x-sections and stopping power

• TestEm16 - simulation of synchrotron radiation

• Hadr01 - simulation of proton/ion beam interaction in water

• Parameterization/gflash - usage of gflash for shower parameterization

• Persistency/P01 - object persistency through Reflex

– New advanced examples:

• Microbeam - cellular irradiation beam line at CENBG facility, France

• Raredecay_calorimetry - photonuclear reactions for photon inefficiency

• Radiation_monitor - LHC radiation monitoring detectors

– Many improvements and fixes …


New features foreseen in 9.0 • Scheduled release date - December 15th, 2006

• Kernel / Geometry

– Parallel navigator, first implementation

– Revision of biasing/scoring processes

– Optimized navigation for voxelized phantom geometries

– Addition of magnetic moment to particle properties

– Ability to change temperature and density of gaseous materials

• Visualisation and Graphics Representations

– Support visualization of G4Polyhedra with generic constructor

– Extensions to G4RichTrajectory and provide examples

– Provide convenient visualization tools for new Scorers

– Provide solution integrated into normal visualization system for visualization of DICOM files

– Full support for visualization of boolean shapes

– Support visualisation of regions/envelopes/parallel geometries


New features foreseen in 9.0 • Standard EM

– Updates to ionisation processes

• Spin and mass effects for pions, muons, kaons

• Ability to plug-in user data for stopping powers

• Alternative multiple-scattering processes for different particle types

– e+, e-, muons, hadrons and ions

– Introduction of K-L shell X-rays in photo-electric process

• Low-energy EM

– Low energy extensions in water (down to O(1eV))

– Evaluation of Penelope multiple scattering

– Low energy extensions in silicon

• Hadronic Physics

– Evaluate and improve hadronic elastic scattering

– Extension to G4NDL data library and repackaging using ENDF

– Development of sub-models of Bertini cascade and application to ions

– Binary cascade interface to string models

– Review of total, elastic, inelastic cross sections


gMocren

• gMocren (former GRAPE) is being developed for the purpose of visualizing patient d

ata with a dose distribution which is calculated by Geant4-based simulation for the ra

diotherapy.

• This activity is a part of the project, "Development of Simulation Framework for Adva

nced Radio Therapy" supporting by CREST, JST (Core Research for Evolutional Sci

ence and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency).

• gMocren home page

http://geant4.kek.jp/gMocren/

– Currently, only the Windows version is available for download. Linux version sho

uld come soon.


Screen shots of gMocren


Conferences of interests• First European Workshop on Monte Carlo Treatment Planning of the European

Workgroup on MCTP

– October 22 - 25, 2006

– Gent, Belgium

• The Japan-Taiwan Symposium on Simulation in Medicine

– December 12 - 15, 2006

– Tsukuba, Japan

• Monte Carlo techniques in radiotherapy and verification : Third McGill International

Workshop

– May 28 - June 1, 2007

– McGill University, Montreal, Canada

geant4 updates makoto asai (slac/sccs) g4namu meeting @ orlando jul/30/2006

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