general psychology psychology human behavior

7/28/2019 general psychology psychology human behavior

1/15

Introduction to

Psychology


2/15

What is

PSYCHOLOGY?


3/15

DEFINITION

Etymological Definition"Psyche" - mind or soul

"Logos" - study

Literal Definition

- it is a study of the mind

Technical Definition

- it is a scientific study of human behavior


4/15

Behavior is...Old Definition"Behavior is limited to gestures,

and speech - all of which is observable

and measurable."

New Definition

"Behavior is the way in which aperson, organism or group responds to aspecific condition. It is divided into twocategories: overt and covert behavior."

What is BEHAVIOR?


5/15

Categories of Behavior:Overt Behavior

- a response or activity that is

directly obersevable by another.- crying, shouting, smiling, etc.

Covert Behavior- any response or activity that isnot directly observable by others.

- thoughts, feelings, emotions, etc.


6/15

Psychologyis a scientificstudy of human behavior.


7/15

Psychology as a Science

Psychology is a science because itinvolves a systematic approach to

the gathering of knowledge.


8/15

Psychology as Science

Some distinguishing characteristics of aPsychology as a Science are the

following:

1. Psychology maintains objectivity

2. Psychology follows explicit

procedures3. Psychology disseminates research

findings


9/15

Basic Steps of the Scientific Method

1. recognition of the Problem2. definition of the Problem

3. development of hypothesis

4. development of techniques andmeasuring intruments that will provideobjective data pertinent to the hypothesis

5. collection of data

6. analysis of data

7. drawing conclusion relative to thehypotheseis based upon the data


10/15

Goals of Psychology

1. To describe behavior;

2. To identify factors that help predict

the behavior;3. To understand or explain behavior

by identifying causes that bring

about certain effects; and4. To control or change behavior.


11/15

Approaches To Psychology

Neurobiological Approach- this approach attempts to relatebehavior to events taking place inside thebody, particularly within the brain and

nervous system.Behavioral Approach

- this approach studies an

individual by looking at their behaviorwhich, to the behaviorist, pertains to thoseactivities of an organism that can beobserved or measured.


12/15


Cognitive Approach- this approach aims to conduct

experiments and develop theories that

explain how mental processes areorganized and function.

Psychoanalytic Approach

- this approach attempts to showhow early experiences affect adults. It alsobelieves that events in our childhood canhave a significant impact on our behavior

as adults.


13/15


Phenomenological Approach

- this approach seeks to

understand events, or phenomena, asthey are experienced by the individual and

to do so without imposing any

preconceptions or theoretical ideas.


14/15

Branches of Psychology

General PsychologyDevelopmental Psychology

Comparative Psychology

Dynamic Psychology

Physiological Psychology

Abnormal PsychologyClinical Psychology

Social Psychology


15/15

Branches of Psychology

Educational/School Psychology Industrial/Organizational

Psychology

Vocational/Counseling Psychology

Engineering Psychology

Psychometric PsychologyLegal/Forensic Psychology

Experimental Psychology

general psychology psychology human behavior

Documents