BY: HADIWINATA

<menceritakan kembali>

RECOUNT IS : A story to retell about past activity<sebuah

cerita yang menceritakan kembali peristiwa lampau>

It can also be called spoof CIRI CIRI :

The tenses usually use SIMPLE PAST<tenses yang digunakan SIMPLE PAST>

Time signal: Last…..Ago……Yesterday…...

GENERIC STRUTURE <STRUKTUR TEXT> :

1. ORIENTATION <pengenalan masing masing tokoh,dimana terjadi,kapan terjadi>

2. SEQUENCE OF EVENTS <peristiwa,disampaikan secara kronologi>

3. RE-ORIENTATION<berisi rangkuman peristiwa>

THE PURPOSE<TUJUAN>: To retell past events for the purpose of

informing or entertaining

<untuk menceritakan kembali peristiwa lampau untuk tujuan menginformasikan dan kadang2 menghibur>

1. Yesterday was a holiday.sandra and dina went shopping at plaza senayan.there were a lot of people.they entered the supermarket.and then they bought some rice and milk for breakfast.they also bought some fruit and vegetables.Unfornately they didn’t have much money,they only bought a little.So,they didn’t buy any coffe or sugar.But,they could buy a few Australian apples for their mother.

2. It was Sunday evening October 7,2004.The day was a little bit foggy and drizzling since afternoon made the temperature so cold.The adi sumarmo airport in surakarta was so busy and crowded as usual planes landed and took off regularly.Flight officials and securities worked accordingly.passengers came in and went out.They all thought that everything was alright.

But suddenly,from a distance it looked that an old plane seemed to land.The drizzle of the rain and the fog caused the pilot found difficulties to find the landing path,special street for landing the planes.the plane landed almost in the middle of the landing path.It was really a dangerous landing.

The plane moved fast on the landing path.the pilot couldn’t stop it.The path was slippery as well.passangers became panic,scream came loudly almost at once.But it vanished soon and changed with a tremendous breaking sound that could be heard miles away.The plane stroke the port fence in west part.not in a minute,fire burst out.black thick fog blew up.Plane inflamed,but it didn’t stop.the plane kept moving fast to the west crossing the road out of the port.It jumped over a small river and rice field before stopped near a grave yard

3. I had just got into bed about half past eleven when I felt the tremor.The bed started to tremble and I noticed the electric light,when was hung on the ceiling was swaying.

Then I got out of bed quickly and went to look out of the windows.As I looked.I saw the house opposite began to fall sideways.Then I realize what was happening.I put on my dressing grown hurriedly and rush uot into the garden.I was alone in the house.My wife and children had gone to visit my mother-in-law.

For three or four minutes.I heard a terrible noise of walls falling down and people screaming.And I saw clouds of dust in the air.Then,the trembling stooped.

There were about fifty persons killed and more than two hundred injured.The damage to property was considerable,and about three hundred houses would have to be completely rebuilt.

<hikayat,dongeng,legenda>

NARRATIVE IS : an unreal story <only imagination>the story usually

about amusement such as <fable,legend,fairy tale,myth,tale>

sebuah cerita tak nyata<hanya imajinasi>ceritanya biasanya menghibur seperti <dongeng,legenda,hikayat,ceita rakyat>

CIRI CIRI : biasanya sifatnya menghibur seperti <dongeng,cerita

rakyat,legenda,hikayat> biasanya berupa cerita khayalan. Biasanya terdapat konflik serta penyelesaiannya.

THE GENERIC STRUCTURE <STRUKTUR TEXT> :

1. ORIENTATION<Pengenalan tokoh,waktu,dan tempat>

2. COMPLICATION<Awal timbulnya masalah,adanya konflik>

3. RESOLUTION<Penyelesaian konflik,keputusan terhadap

masalah/konflik>

4. RE-ORIENTATION<Akhir cerita/rangkuman cerita>

THE PURPOSE<TUJUAN> To amuse/entertain the readers<untuk

menghibur pembaca>

1. Once upon time there was a small farmer.he had grown in his field watermelon and cucumber.but amouse deer had come and destroy them.

One a day the farmer laid a trap and the mouse deer was trapped.he beat the mouse deer mercilessly with a stick.the mouse deer howled in pain and said,”please sir,forgive me.I’m sorry what I have done.I’ll never trouble you again.”

But the farmer grew more furious and angry.in his anger the farmer tied the mouse deerto awooden post with a string,wrapped a piece of cloth round its tail,lit a match stick,and set it on fire.the flames ran though the string by which the mouse deer was tired to the wooden poast.thus,the mouse deer got free but ran into a haystack.The haystack soon caught fire and the farmer haystack got completely destroyed

2. One upon time there lived a group of mice under a tree in peace.however a group of elephants crossing the jungle unknowingly destroyed the homesof all the rats.many of them were even crushed to death.Then taking of rats decided to approach the elephant king suddenly

remembered the king of the rats.he summoned one of the elephant of his herd,which had not been trapped,to go seek help from the king and told him about the trapped elephants.

The rats immediately took his entire group of rats and they cut open nets which had trapped the elephants herd.the elephants herd was totally set free.they danced with joy and thanked the rats.

3. Along time ago ,the wolf and the stork were friends.One day,the wolf asked the stork to come to his house to eat.When the stork arrived at the wolf house,the wolf put two bowls of soup on

the table.the wolf ate his bowl of soup so quickly.When he finished,he asked the stork”did you like my soup?”

But the stork was angry because he couldn’t eat the soup.his beak was too long.when the stork went home,he was still hungry.The wolf laugh and laughed.

Then the stork had an idea.He asked the wolf to come to dinner.He filled two tall pitches with good soup.They began to eat.When the strok finished eating,he asked the wolf if he wanted more to eat.But the wolf was angry.his mouth was so big that he couldn’t get it into the pitcher.the wolf went home hungry,and stork have never been friends ever since

4. Long ago , in a peaceful side of this country, there lived a boy, named Raka, and agirl, named Nimas. Raka and Nimas had been good friend since their childhood. However, there was something that led them to be apart. Nimas and her parents had to move to another town. But they belived some day the would meet again. Nimas said that she would be waiting for that moment. Than, there was Raka, left alone. What apoor boy ! Since that moment Raka and Nimas lost contact.

Many yeara passed. Like what Nimas said, finally they meet again after few years apart. But, they had changed. Nimas had grown to be a pretty young women, while Raka a handsome young man. Soon, they fell in love with each other. Raka always came to Nimas ‘s house. Nimas’ s parents welcomed him well because he was good young man.

But the happy moment didn’t last long. One day, Nimas’s parents heard a bad news about raka. Some body had said to them that Raka’ s father was a bad person.

Since that moment, Nimas’s parent disliked him. They were worried that Raka would be just like his father. They warned Raka to stop seeing Nimas. Nimas had to break up with Raka.The young lovers felt that is was unfair. Nimas’s parents could not judge Raka that he was bad guy just because of his father. Raka said that he was not his father. But, they never gave up. They kept on trying to see each other, and of course, to ensure Nimas’s parents that Raka wasn’t like what they thought.

One day, something terribly bad almost happened to Nimas. They day was already dark. Nimas walked alone one her way home. On the way, three, men stopped her and tried to do bad things to her. Nimas screamed, but nobody heard her cry for help. Fortunately, Raka came to help her. He straightly fought those men. He won and Nimas was safe.

After that, Raka took Nimas to her house. Infront to her parents Nimas told what just happened to her and how bravely Raka had saved her. Nimas’ parents felt grateful and felt sorry for what they had done to Raka.At the end of story. Nimas’s parents approved of their relationship.

5. Long ogo ,there was Mexican a boy named juan who helped raise money for his family by growing chili peppers in his garden.But one day when he came out to his chili patch,he found a ram there eating some peppers and stomping on other.”go away,mr.ram “said juan.”those are my peppers.”the ram replied ,”get away from me or I’ll butt you into the next country.”

Juan started to cry,and all the animals on the little farm fell sorry for him.the cat tried to help.she went up to the ram and said,”you should be ashamed of yourself.get out of there.those are juan chili peppers,but the ram lowered”his Head and said,”get out of here or I’ll butt you into the next country.”the dog too ran away.

Finally a little ant said”I can help you,I can help you,juan.”the ant climbed into the ram and began biting him all over.the ram jumped up and started running.he ran so fast and so far that now he is in the next country!

<

<Pendiskripsian>

DESCRIPTIVE IS : description about particular

person,thing or place. <pendiskripsian/penggambaran

sebuah ciri2 seseorang,hewan,tempat/sesuatu.

CIRI CIRI : Berupa penggambaran secara umum Penjelasanya secara umum

THE GENERIC STRUCTURE<STRUKTUR TEXT>:

1. IDENTIFICATION<Pengenalan subyek yang didiskripsikan>

2. DESCRIPTION<Tahap pendiskripsian>

THE PURPOSE<TUJUAN> : To describe a particular

person/animal,place or thing

<untuk mendiskripsikan cirri seseorang,hewan,tempat/sesuatu>

MY HOUSE

I live in a beautiful modern house .

The house has three bedroom s.The bedroom are upstairs.The livingroom,the kitchen ,and the dinningroom are downstairs.My house has a balcony.The garden is full of flowers and trees.The colour of the house is blue.There is a garage for our car.We like living here because its very nice.

MY PET

I has aparrot named coly.

It has colorful feather.They are yellow,blue,and red. Coly is very noisy.It always imitates the human voice.it has curved bill.it also has feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward.the feet help it to grip on the branches and hold food.

THE LION

The lion is called the king of beast.

Lions are found living wild in the grassland of Africa.They hunt smaller animals and feed on them.There are no wild animals in European Zoos.

Lion has four legs and brown eyes which are protected by very thick lashes.The male lion is a beautiful animals.All lions have manes.Round his head he has a ring of long hair called a mane.When the lion is young,the hair of his mine is yellow.When he is old,the hair is sometimes black.The female lion, or lioness,doesn’t have a mane.Lions are dangerous

animals.They can kill a man.

PROCEDURE IS : How to make or operate something

step by step Designed to describe how something is

achieved a sequence of action or step.it explains how people perform different processes in a sequence or steps.

<bentuk teks untuk mendiskripsikan bagaimana sesuatu itu di peroleh/dibuat secara berurutan atau sesuai langkah-langkah.menjelaskan bagaimana orang melakukan sesuai langkah-langkah>

CIRI-CIRI : Mengunakan Simple Present. MengunakanBentuk

imperative<perintah> Biasanya mengunakan “the temporal

conjungtions”

first,second,then,next,finally,etc

BiasanyaBerupa instruction(intruksi),direction(petunjuk)

Biasanya pada procedural hanya terdiri dari judul dan diikuti beberapa step(langkah) tidak terdapat material

Misal :

How Bread is Made

Some people eat bread every day,but how is it made?

First of all,grains such as wheat or rye are grown on farms.the grain are harvested and stored in silos.later,they are take to a flour mill where the grains are ground into flour.The floor is then sent to a large bakery.there it is mixed ith water,salt,and yeast to make dough.

Next,the dough is placed in mental pans.the pans are food inti an oven.the pans are put into an oven.the temperature is about 350f(180).after it baked for 45 minutes,the bread taken out of the oven to cool.Some loaves of bread are slices in a machine,and the wrapped in plastic bags.a ‘use by’ date is ussualy attached to the package.

Finnaly,the bread is sent to supermarkets or corner shops.

GENERIC STRUCTURE <STRUKTUR TEXT> :

1.Goal (tittle): (judul)2.Material :(bahan)

3.Step : (langkah)

THE PURPOSE<TUJUAN> : To describe how something is

made with followed some steps

HOW TO MAKE A BALLON FACES

You will need: flour felt-tip yarn glue a funnel pens ballons

STEP:1. Pour as much flour as you can through a funnel into a balloon2. Tie a knot in the ballon3. Glue on some yarn for hair4. Draw a face on the balloon with felt-tip pens5. Mold the balloon with your fingers

HOW TO MAKE AN ENVELOPE

a sheet of papera tube of gluea cuttera ruler

1. Take a sheet of paper2. draw a pattern by using a ruler3. cut the paper following the pattern4. fold it5. put some glue on it6. press it to get a good form

HOW TO MAKE A BANANA SHAKE

You will need: ½ glass milk 1 banana 1 egg 2 scoops ice cream Pitcher(jug) Bowl Fork Glass

STEP:1. pour the milk into the pitcher2. carefully break the egg into the milk3. peel the banana and mash it with a fork in the bowl4. add the banana to the milk5. add the ice cream6. beat the mixture with the fork until it is smooth7. pour the mixture into the glass8. clean up the mess9. drink your banana shake

HOW TO MAKE FRIED RICE

Red onions,red chilies,garlic,snrimp paste,tomatoes,rice,beef,celery,chicken,legs,cooking oil,flour,salt and pepper

First,steam the rice until it is cooked.Chop the red onions into very small pieces and fry them together with the red chilies and garlic until the onions become partly brown.Then add the sliced tomato and the shrimp paste

Add a little salt and pepper to the beef and put into the pan,stir it about four minutes and then add the red chilies,the chopped celery and the finally yhe cooked rice.Stir it well all time.Taste and see if more salt and pepper is needed.

Place a little salt over the chicken legs,turn them in flour and fry them until they are golden brown.Take two eggs and make an omelet.Cut the omelet into slices and use these together with the fried onions to put round the fried rice.Place the chicken legs on one side of the dish,the vegetables on the other and the four fried eggs on the top

Your “fried rice”is ready to serve.

<Laporan>

REPORT IS : Classifies / Describe something based on

systematic observation <mengklasifikasikan / mendiskripsikan sesuatu

berdasarkan analisis dan pengamatan secara sistematis>

CIRI CIRI : The tenses usually use SIMPLE PRESENT<tenses yang

digunakan SIMPLE PRESENT> Biasanya informasi yang disampaikan apa

adanya,sesuai hasil pengamatan. Biasanya pendiskripsianya secara detail Have a main idea(mempunyai ide pokok/kalimat

utama untuk menyusun berbagai informasi) Text report biasanya terdapat di majalah,Koran,atau di

media informasi lainya seperti televise,radio,dll.

GENERIC STRUTURE <STRUKTUR TEXT> :

1. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION

<General statement>Pernyataan umum,pengenalan subyek yang dilaporkan,biasanya disebut kalimat topic/kalimat utama>

2. DESCRIPTION<Tahap pendiskripsian>

THE PURPOSE<TUJUAN>: To inform about something<untuk

menginformasikan sesuatu> To describe specificly about something<untuk

mendiskripsikan secara khusus tentang sesuatu>

THE GIRAFFES

Giraffes are tall interesting animals Male giraffes are usually about six metres tall.half of the giraffes height comes from its neck.which is longer than its legs.A giraffe has a brown eyes which are protected by very thick lashes.since it lives in parts of Afrika which usually dry with a great deal of dust .The lashes are an important source of protection.It can also cover its nostrils in order to protect its nose.It has brown spots on tan skin and this coloring helps protect the giraffe.The giraffes also have to short horns on its head.Giraffes usually live in small hard and often feed with other animals.A baby giraffe is two meters tall at birth.It can stand up by itself within a few minutes and can run well in about two days.Like the Camel,the giraffe can go a long time without dringking water.One source of water is the leaves which the giraffe eats from trees.Since it is so tall the giraffe can reach the tender leaves at the top of a tree.Giraffes have two methods of self protection.Is something frighten an adult giraffe,it can gallop away at about fifty kilometers per hours orstay to fight with its strong legs.

BOROBUDUR TEMPLE

Borobudur is a Hindu Buddhist temple.Built in the 9 century under the sailendra dynasty of java,Indonesia.Abandoned in the 11 th century and paetially excavated by archeologist in the early 20 th century,burobudur temple is well known all over the world.Influenced by the Gupta architecture of India,the temple is constructed on a hill 46 m (150 feet) high and consist of eight step like stone terraces,one of bell shaped stupas(Buddhist shrines).The entire edifice is crowned by a large stupa at the center of the circle.they way to summit extend through some 4,8 km of passages and stairways.the design of borobudur,a temple mountain symbolizing the structure of the universe,the influence temples built at Angkor,Cambodia.Borobudur,rededicated as an Indonesia national monument in 1983,is an valuable treasure for Indonesian people.

BOROBUDUR TEMPLE

Borobudur is a magnificent Buddhist temple in central java,Indonesia.It was built,probably in the A.D 700’S AND 800’S.by budhist rulers named sailendras 9king of the mountain).the temple of borobudur stands near the city of jogyakarta.it is a popular tourist attraction.The huge,square rises out of a plain.the temple has been built as a shell enclosing a hill.borobudur has no interior and no roof.it is 155 feet (35 meters)high.The structure consist of three spheres.the first kamadatu,the sphere of passion.the second is rupadatu,the sphere of the visible world.the third is arupadatu,the sphere of the invisible or metaphysical world.the spheres represent the stages of human life through which Buddhists must go in pursuing the perfect state

THE STATUE OF LIBERTY

The statue of liberty is one of the first sight to welcome immigrants arriving in the united states,national monument Consist of two small island,liberty island and ellis island that lie in upper new york bay.the statue of liberty IS LOCATED ON LIBERTY ISLAND,ELLIS island was once the location where most immigrants entered the united states

The statue of liberty is a monumental sculpture that symbolizes freedom throughout the world.its normal name is liberty enlighteningthe world.the statue depicts a woman escaping the chains of tyranny,which lie at her feet.her right handhold a loft a burning torch that represent liberty.her left hand hold a tablet inscribed with a date “JULI 4,1776 (IN ROMAN NUMERALS),the day united states declared its independence.she is wearing flowing robes and the seven rays of her spiked crown symbolize the seven seas and continentsThe statue of lberty is 46 m(151)feet high.its base and pedestal increase the height of monument to93 m (305)feet.the surface of the statue is composed of hammered copper sheets 2,4 mm (0,01) thick that are riveted to an iron framework.the iron frame was devised by French engineer Alexander Gustave Eiffel,who also built the Eiffel Tower in Paris.The statue rest upon a concrete and granite pedestaldesigned by American architect Richard morrid hunt.A star shaped wall surrounds the 47m(154)feet pedestal.this wall was part of fort wood,which was built in the early 19 th century to defend new york during the war of 1812(1812-1815)