geographygeografi - nationella prov geografi€¦ · geographygeografi Årskurs 9 Ämnesprov,...
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Elevens namn och klass/grupp
GeografiGeography
9Årskurs
Ämnesprov, läsår 2013/2014
Delprov B
Prov som återanvänds av Skolverket omfattas av sekretess enligt 17 kap. 4 § offentlighets- och sekretesslagen. Detta prov återanvänds av Skolverket t.o.m. 2020-06-30.
Provet är frisläppt enligt beslut av Skolverket. (2019-05-08) Dnr: 2019:00779
2
The ArcticThe Earth has two poles, the North Pole and the South Pole. This test is about the Arctic, the area around the North Pole. The Arctic is one of the most sparsely populated areas of the World. Interest in the Arctic from the rest of the World is great. This is because the Arctic is rich in natural resources. Since extraction of these resources could threaten the Arctic’s sensitive environment, there are many who support protection of the Arctic.
In contrast to the South Pole, there is no land area at the North Pole but the sea at the North Pole is covered by ice throughout the year. This is due to the cold climate. The satellite picture shows the extent of sea ice over the Arctic in the winter. In the summer the amount of ice declines. The map of the Arctic shows the Arctic without sea ice.
North Pole
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4
180°
50°
0°65°
80°
Nuuk
Thule
Anadyr
Murmansk
Nordpolen
Stockholm 10° C Isoterm (i juli)
Norra Polcirkeln
Trädgräns
Permafrost
Permafrost (50-90% av ytan)
MAP OF THE ARCTIC
There are various ways of defining the Arctic. In the past, the northern Polar Circle was used as a boundary. Today it is more common to use the tree line or the 10°C-isotherm in July.
An isotherm is a line that links together places with the same average temperature. In the area north of the 10°C-isotherm, the average temperature in July is never above 10°C.
Permafrost
Permafrost (50-90% of the surface)
Northern Polar Circle
Treeline
10°C-isotherm (july)
5
True False
a) The Arc*c is itself a con*nent.
b) The Arc*c is itself a country.
c) Thule lies west of Nuuk.
d) The Arc*c´s southernmost parts lie nere to the Equator.
e) The Arc*c extends over part of Scandinavia.
f) The town of Murmansk lies farther to the north than Anadyr.
g) The average temperature in Thule is 15°C in July.
h) Large parts of the Arc*c are covered by forest.
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18
Study the map of the Arctic.Read the sentences about the Arctic and mark each with a cross as either true or false.
a) Which two towns have a polar day (midnight sun) in the summer?
o Anadyro Nuuko Thuleo Murmansko Stockholm
b) What are the reasons that these specific towns have a polar day (midnight sun) in the summer? Explain.
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6
Kanada
Grönland
Ryssland
Alaska(USA)
(Danmark)
(Danmark)
Övrig befolkning
Ursprungs-befolkning
Finland
SverigeIsland
Norge
Färöarna
Arc$c regions 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Alaska (USA) 129 226 300 401 550 627
Canada 33 51 81 100 116 121
Greenland (Denmark)
24 33 46 50 56 56
Iceland 144 176 205 229 256 282
Norway 222 237 243 244 240 239
Sweden 242 262 256 267 263 257
Finland 167 205 197 195 201 192
Russia -‐ 1 128 (1959)
1 509 1 948 (1979)
2 599 (1989)
1 981 (2002)
Four million people live in the Arctic. Many indigenous people have lived here for thousands of years, for example the Sami in Sweden. The majority of indigenous people have today left the nomadic life and moved into permanent homes. The indigenous population is often in the minority where they live.
The proportion of indigenous population and other population in the Arctic regions. The dark grey area marks which parts of the countries constitute the Arctic.
Population changes in the Arctic regions between the years 1950 and 2000. Note! Population in thousands.
THE ARCTIC POPULATION
Källor: AMAP och AHDR
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19
20
Study the map and answer the questions. Mark with a cross one alternative.
a) Which of the following regions in the Arctic has the largest proportion of indigenous population?
o Norwayo Russiao Finlando Canada
b) In which region of the Arctic is the indigenous population in the majority?
o Alaskao Greenlando The Faeroe Islandso Sweden
Study the table and answer the questions. Mark with a cross one alternative.
c) Which Arctic region had the largest population after Russia in the year 1960?
o Alaskao Canadao Icelando Sweden
d) Which Arctic region had the largest population after Russia in the year 2000?
o Alaskao Canadao Icelando Sweden
In some Arctic regions the population has increased rapidly within a short time, for example in Alaska.What do you think is the most important reason for this rapid increase in population over a short time? Explain.
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Källa: Arctic Human Development Report
ÅLDERS- OCH KÖNSFÖRDELNING ÅR 2001 FÖR INFLYTTADE TILL ARKTISKA KANADA
ÅLDERS- OCH KÖNSFÖRDELNING ÅR 2001 FÖR URSPRUNGSBEFOLKNINGEN I ARKTISKA KANADA
ÅLDERS- OCH KÖNSFÖRDELNING ÅR 2002 FÖR FÖDDA PÅ GRÖNLAND
ÅLDERS- OCH KÖNSFÖRDELNING ÅR 2002 FÖR INFLYTTADE TILL GRÖNLAND
0-45-9
75-79
65-6960-64
50-5455-59
45-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24
10-1415-19
85+
70-74KvinnorMän
80-84
1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,0 %0-45-9
75-79
65-6960-64
50-5455-59
45-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24
10-1415-19
85+
70-74KvinnorMän
80-84
1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,0 %
0-45-9
75-79
65-6960-64
50-5455-59
45-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24
10-1415-19
85+
70-74KvinnorMän
80-84
1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,0 % 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,08,09,0
0-45-9
75-79
65-6960-64
50-5455-59
45-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24
10-1415-19
85+
70-74KvinnorMän
80-84
%
Källa: Arctic Human Development Report
ÅLDERS- OCH KÖNSFÖRDELNING ÅR 2001 FÖR INFLYTTADE TILL ARKTISKA KANADA
ÅLDERS- OCH KÖNSFÖRDELNING ÅR 2001 FÖR URSPRUNGSBEFOLKNINGEN I ARKTISKA KANADA
ÅLDERS- OCH KÖNSFÖRDELNING ÅR 2002 FÖR FÖDDA PÅ GRÖNLAND
ÅLDERS- OCH KÖNSFÖRDELNING ÅR 2002 FÖR INFLYTTADE TILL GRÖNLAND
0-45-9
75-79
65-6960-64
50-5455-59
45-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24
10-1415-19
85+
70-74KvinnorMän
80-84
1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,0 %0-45-9
75-79
65-6960-64
50-5455-59
45-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24
10-1415-19
85+
70-74KvinnorMän
80-84
1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,0 %
0-45-9
75-79
65-6960-64
50-5455-59
45-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24
10-1415-19
85+
70-74KvinnorMän
80-84
1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,0 % 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,08,09,0
0-45-9
75-79
65-6960-64
50-5455-59
45-4940-4435-3930-3425-2920-24
10-1415-19
85+
70-74KvinnorMän
80-84
%
Indigenous population in Arctic Canada 2001 Other population in Arctic Canada 2001
Källa: AHDR
POPULATION PYRAMID
Men Women Men Women
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21 Which of the population pyramids is typical for a population which is expected to increase rapidly?
o Indigenous populationo Other population
Explain your answer.
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Why do the population pyramids for the indigenous population and for the other population look so different? Discuss different explanations. Use the terms in the box to help you.
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Earning a livingEducation
HealthEquality
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År 1900 År 2000
Ton per km²3 ton (3 000 kg) 11 ton (11 000 kg)
ARCTIC FISH
Fishing is an important industry for the population of the Arctic. Some of the World’s richest fisheries are found here and fishing has been widespread.
The maps show how the cod stocks have declined between the years 1900 and 2000.
How much fish is there in the sea?The maps show cod (in metric tons) per km2
Year 1900 Year 2000
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24
Fish are an example of a renewable resource that is found in the Arctic.
a) Explain what characterises a renewable resource.
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b) Give two additional examples of renewable resources.
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The maps show that the amount of cod has declined greatly in the North Atlantic. The decline is due, to a large extent, to how fishing has been conducted in the region.
How can fishing be more sustainable? Give several suggestions and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each suggestion.
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12
25
Global warming is seen particularly clearly in the Arctic. The average temperature increases, which means that glaciers and sea ice melt. Because the changes are happening so quickly, plants and animals cannot adapt. The polar bear is just one animal species that is threatened by climate changes.
The Earth’s climate has changed many times due to natural causes.
a) Which two natural causes can result in climate changes?
o Landslideo Volcanic eruptiono Changed ocean currentso Hurricaneso Tidal watero Flooding
CLIMATE CHANGES
13
Today, most climate researchers agree that we humans are contributing to the climate changes.b) Which two activities contribute to global warming?
o Release of radioactive materialso Burning of fossil fuelso Liming of lakes and riverso Increase the number of wind powered generatorso Overfishing of the seao Release of methane gas from rice cultivation
The populations of the World’s countries contribute by different extents to the climate changes.c) In which two counties is the release of carbon dioxide greatest when calculated per person?
o Australiao Indiao Peruo USAo Chinao Somalia
Climate changes could be slowed down if certain measures were taken.d) Which two measures could contribute to slowing down global warming?
o Increase artificial irrigationo Reduce forest fellingo Use more energy from natural gaso Develop more water powero Increase trade between the World’s countrieso Stop using nuclear power
You too can contribute towards slowing down climate changes.e) Which two choices can you make yourself in order to contribute to slowing down global warming?
o Choose public transport (bus or train) instead of the caro Buy vegetables grown in heated greenhouseso Choose products that have a lower fat content eg. low fat creamo Say that you do not want to receive postal advertisingo Leave electrical items on stand-by instead of switching them off completelyo Eat beef instead of chicken
14
THE ICE IS MELTING
Climate changes have huge consequences for the Arctic. Glaciers are melting more quickly and the sea ice has reduced greatly in extent.
The area of summer ice 2012
The ice’s usual summer extent
(during the last 30 years)
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26
If global warming of the climate is not stopped it is likely that the glaciers and sea ice will continue to melt.
What consequences could the melting of sea ice and glaciers have? Reason from the following perspectives:
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People – Society – the EnvironmentLocally (in the Arctic) – Globally
In the short term – In the long term
16
Ordinarie färdruttNordostpassagen
The North-East Passage is a sea route between the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans, north of Europe and Asia.
The first time a ship sailed through the North-East Passage was in 1878-1880. It was a Swedish expedition, led by Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, which successfully completed this difficult voyage. It took a long time because the ship, Vega, became frozen in the ice for ten months.
Due to the melting of sea ice in the Arctic, the route through the North-East Passage is more often ice-free. During 2012 about 40 ships travelled through the North-East Passage. Five years before this the number was zero.
THE NORTH-EAST PASSAGE
12
3
1
2
3
4
5 6
4
North-East PassageNormal route
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27
28
Imagine that you are travelling from Norway to Japan through the North-East Passage. In what order would you pass the following places?
a) Write the names in the correct order.
North Cape, Berings Strait, Kola Peninsula, Hokkaido
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
Imagine that you are travelling from Norway to Japan along the normal shipping route. In what order would you pass the following places?
b) Write the names in the correct order.
Sri Lanka, The Suez Canal, Strait of Gibraltar, Sumatra, Great Britain, The Red Sea
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
5. ___________________________________
6. ___________________________________
he North-East Passage and the normal shipping route together encircle a continent that comprises both Europe and Asia. What is this continent called?
Svar:_________________________________
18
ISLAND
(Danmark)
Nordpolen
(USA)
NORGESVERIGE
FINLAND
GRÖNLAND
(Norge)SVALBARD
KANADA
ALASKA
RYSSLAND
Planerad PipelinePipeline för olja och gasOmråden med olja och gas
GruvaGasOlja
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST ABOUT THE ARCTIC’S FUTURE
A quarter of the World’s oil and gas reserves are believed to be in the Arctic. Currently, interest in the Arctic’s resources is very large. Therefore, conflicts of interest arise between countries around the Arctic and between different agencies, such as businesses and environmental organisations.
OilGasMine
Area with oil and gas
Pipeline for oil and gasPlanned pipeline
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29
Interest in the Arctic’s oil and gas is large. Opinions are divided about whether they should be extracted or not.
What are the arguments for and against extraction of the Arctic’s oil and natural gas? Reason from the following perspectives:
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People – Society – The Environment
In the short term – In the long term
Locally – Globally
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21
Bildförteckning Sida Titel Upphovsman Licenss. 2-3 Arctic Sea Ice - March 2010 NASA Goddard/flickr CC BYs. 2 Arctic Ocean relief location map Uwe Dedering/wikimedia CC BY-SAs. 8 ö. v. Kanada ursprungsbefolkning Jan Wiklund ©Uppsala universitets. 8 ö. h. Kanada övrig befolkning Jan Wiklund ©Uppsala universitets. 8 m. Inuit girls susanvg/flickr CC BY-NC-SAs. 8 n. Greenland 5, Ilulissat Vincent van Zeijst/wikimedia CC BYs. 10 v. Fish0193 NOAA Photo Library/flickr CC BYs. 10 h. Fish fillets - Yanni's Seafood Spot avlxyz/flickr CC BY-NC-SAs. 12 ö. Polarbär 12 2004-11-17 Ansgar Walk/wikimedia CC BY-SAs. 12 n. Power Allan Hood/flickr CC BYs. 14 ö. Arctic Sea Ice Hits Smallest Extent NASA Goddard/flickr CC BYs. 14 n. Tromsö Panorama fjellheisen Ragnilius/wikimedia CC BY-SAs. 16 Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld George von Rosen ©Nationalmuseums. 18 v. Oil Rig off California Michael Wilson/flickr CC BY-NC-SAs. 18 h. Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Luca Galuzzi/wikimedia CC BY-SA
Kartförteckning
s. 4 Arktis avgränsningar ©Norstedts kartor 2014s. 6 Arktis befolkning ©Norstedts kartor 2014s. 10 Beståndet av torsk i Atlanten ©Norstedts kartor 2014s. 16 Nordostpassagen ©Norstedts kartor 2014s. 18 Arktis resurser ©Norstedts kartor 2014
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Lärarens anteckningar
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Geografi
Delprov A E C A E C A E C A E C A
Uppgift 1 ☐ ☐Uppgift 2-3 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 4 ☐ ☐Uppgift 5-6 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 7 ☐Uppgift 8 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 9 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 10 ☐ ☐Uppgift 11 ☐ ☐Uppgift 12 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 13 ☐Uppgift 14 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 15 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 16 ☐ ☐ ☐
Delprov B E C A E C A E C A E C A
Uppgift 17 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 18a ☐Uppgift 18b ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 19 ☐ ☐Uppgift 20 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 21 ☐ ☐Uppgift 22 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 23 ☐ ☐Uppgift 24 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 25 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 26 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 27-28 ☐ ☐ ☐Uppgift 29 ☐ ☐ ☐
E C A E C A E C A E C A Max. antal belägg 7 7 5 4 4 4 12 9 4 4 4 4
Antal belägg E-nivå E 27
Antal belägg C-nivå C 24
Antal belägg A-nivå A 17
Provbetyg: 68
Max. antal belägg
Totalt antal belägg
Summeringar
Förmåga att göra geo-grafiska analyser av omvärlden och värdera resultaten med hjälp av kartor och andra geografiska källor, teorier, metoder och tekniker.
Förmåga 1
Förmåga 2
Förmåga 3
Förmåga att analysera hur naturens egna processer och människors verk-samheter formar och förändrar livsmiljöer i olika delar av världen.
Förmåga att utforska och analysera samspel mellan människa, samhälle och natur i olika delar av världen.
Summering av totalt antal belägg i hela provet:
Förmåga 1 Förmåga 2 Förmåga 3 Förmåga 4
Förmåga 1 Förmåga 2 Förmåga 3 Förmåga 4
Förmåga 4Förmåga att värdera lösningar på olika miljö- och utvecklingsfrågor utifrån överväganden kring etik och hållbar utveckling.
Antal förmåg-or som beläg-gen är förde-lade på
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