geothermal energy in the klamath basin
TRANSCRIPT
Geothermal Energy
in the Klamath Basin
Toni Boyd
Geo-Heat Center
Oregon Institute of Technology
O R
C A
N M
O KT X
M N
IA
M O
A R
LA
W I
ILIN
T N
M S
M I
O H
A L G AS C
N C
V A
W V
M DD E
N J
N YV T
N H
M A
C TR I
M E
Te mperature A bove 100 oC (212 oF)
Te mperature Below 100 oC (212 oF)
A Z
ID
W A
C O
N D
S D
N E
K S
W Y P A
N V
U T
M T
F L
Geothermal Resources of the USA
• High temperature: Electric
Power
• Low temperature: Direct Use
•Ambient temperature: Heat
Pumps
R efrige rat ion
P lant
Food P rocessing
P ow er P lan t
A pa rtm en t
B uilding
G reenhouse
F ish Fa rm400
0F
2000F
C ascad ing to m axim ize use
o f the geothe rm al ene rgy
Cascading geothermal fluids – combined heat & power
M odo c Poin t
To C h iloq uin 6
m i. (10 km )
King sle y
F ield
Klamath Falls
Alta mo nt
Olen e
Olen e Ga p
M id la nd
Ke no
M erril l
W orde n
Stu kel M tn.
65 25 ft (19 89 m )
H am aker M tn .
65 98 ft (20 11 m )
H ogb ack M tn.
61 98 ft (18 89 m )
5 ki lom ete rs10 2 3 4
0 1 2 3 4 5 m iles
S CALE
Hot well area
Potentia l geotherm al area
White line Reservoir
Swan Lake
Round
Lake
Spring
Lake
Kla
m
ath
Riv
er D
ive
rs ion Canal
Nus s
Lake
LO WE R
KL AMA TH
LA KE BE D97
39
66
39
14 0
14 0
97
14 0
12 1030
'
12 1045
'
12 2000
'
42030 '
42 015 '
42 000 '
W illia
ms o
n R
ive
r
OIT
UPP ER
KL AMA TH
LA KE
Klamath CountyDistrict Heating
3 sites
Industrial
2 sites
Greenhouse
2 sites
Aquaculture
1 sites
Space Heating
Over 600 sites
Snow Melting
4 main areas
Resort/Spas
4 swimming pools
Klamath Falls
• 600 geothermal wells
• 100 to 1,800 ft deep
• 100 to 220oF
• Majority use downhole
heat exchangers
• City district heating
system – 24 buildings
• Pavement snow
melting systems
• Oregon Institute of
Technology
“Big Springs” – Modoc field
O IT-2
O IT-6
Stop 1
O IT-5
O ITIN J- 1
O ITIN J- 2
O R EG O N IN STITU TE
O F TEC H N O LO G Y
Ph ys ica l
Plan t
C o rn e tt H all
Pu rv ine
H all
Sem on
H all
So u th
H all
O wen s
H all
L ibr ary
Sto p 6
C o llec tion T an k
an d B oo ste r Pu m p s
Sto p 5
C h ille r
Sn e ll Hall
R esiden ce
H all
Sto p 3
C o lleg e
U nio n
P.E .
B u ild in g
Stad ium
Sto p 2
H eat E xch an ger
B u ild in g
B o ard B u sX
Sto p 4
Oregon Institute of Technology
Past and Present
• Original location was a military facility
• Original campus (1947 – 1960) spent
$100,000/yr for heating
• Appropriation of $150,000 for
exploration for a new campus for OIT –
late 1950s
– Used for master plan
– Exploration to determine availability of
geothermal water for space heating
Normal fault system on the east side of campus
OIT
Normal fault
Offset fault
Geothermal wells
Injection wells
Well Drilling
• OIT #1 – 1959– Depth 1,200 ft produced 510
gpm of 78oF water – used as domestic water now
• OIT #2 – 1960 further west and south of OIT#1– Depth 1,220 ft producing 170
gpm of 176oF water
• OIT#5 and 6 – 1963 – area close to OIT#2– Depths 1,716 and 1,800 ft
producing 442 and 250 gpm of 191oF water
OIT production
and injection
wells
OIT heating system
OIT snow
melting
using
geothermal
New geothermal snowmelt system on campus
New OIT Geothermal Projects
• Small-scale power plant: 280 kW
– Completed
• Deep Well Drilling project
– Completed
• Medium-scale power plant: 1.5 MW
– Development stage
• Incubator greenhouses
• Incubator aquaculture ponds
Small-Scale Power Plant
• Use existing wells at approx. 600 gpm
• Take 15oF off the top – actually is 27oF – to campus around 165oF
• Remainder adequate to heat campus
• Binary (organic Rankine cycle) power plant –280 kW gross (208 kW net)
• Water cooling though a cooling tower - 70oF
• Provide 10% of electrical energy use
• Demonstration site and student laboratory
Hot W ate r /
Steam
O IT -2
O IT -6 O IT -5
W ells
Fault
Zo ne
280 kW plant using OIT existing wells
Small-Scale Power Plant 2
• Unit installed in existing Heat Exchange Building
• Testing and commission started in February 2010
• Interconnection agreement signed
• Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) signed
• Selling Power in March 2010
• Total cost of project - $1.1 million
• Funding– Blue Sky Fund Award - $100,000
– Energy Trust - $487,000
– BETC - $279,273
– State Bonds
Small-Scale Power Plant 3
• Water Rights
– Limited Use
– Transfer
• UIC permit
– Added power to the mix
• Controls
• Combining meters
Deep Well Project
• Completed a reflection seismic survey– Better location of the fault
– Located the drilling site
– 63 2.2-lb dynamite charges at 18 feet deep
– Located on campus and surrounding property
• Optimum drilling target 3,000 to 4,000 ft
• Drill site in southeast corner of parking lot
• Completed Environmental Assessment - FONSI
Proposed
well location
Proposed
well location
OIT seismic survey
D ee p
W e ll
H ot W ater /
S te am
New well for high temperature plant - deviated
Dedication – Jan. 24, 2009
Deep Well Project 2
• Drilled a deep well to 5,308 ft (deviated)
• Based on geochemistry analysis - >300oF should be encountered
• First Pump Test Results– 196oF temperature
– 1500 gpm
– 23 feet of drawdown
• Another pump test needed– to monitor surrounding wells and
for water rights
– 2500 gpm with 75 feet of drawdown
• Need to purchase a pump for the well
OIT #7
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220
Temperature
Dep
th
Temperature
profiles of
deep well
Final profile
after liner
and cleaning
S.W.L
.
Profiles
before liner
and cleaningStart of
liner
Well location
Injection wells
Production wells
In jec tion W ells
Drill R ig at the
Production W ell
G eotherm al
Pow er P lant
Existing
G eotherm al
W ells
Oregon Institute of Technology
Geotherm al H igh Tem perature
Pow er Project
Normal fault system on the east side of campus
OIT
Normal fault
Offset fault
Geothermal wells
Injection wells
Medium-Scale Power Plant
• Drilled a deep well to 1,615 m (5,300 ft) (deviated)
• Binary power plant – 1.5 MWe gross – 1.0 MWe net
• Will provide nearly 60% of campus electrical needs
• Reject water could be used to supply additional heat to campus and to surrounding buildings
• Used as a demonstration site and student laboratory
Medium-Scale Power Plant 2
• Cultural Survey
• Drill an injection well– Contract awarded
• Complete pipeline from power plant to injection well– Design completed
– Working on RFP
• Hopefully operational by late 2012
Medium-Scale Power Plant 3
• Completed pipeline up to heat exchange building
• Pump test completed in June 2010– Water Rights
– Injection well
– Specify pump
• First RFP for the Power Plant Design closed
• Second RFP will close this month
• Applications– Interconnection Agreement
– PPA
– FERC
– BETC (completed)
– Energy Trust (applied)
– EIA Form 860 report
Medium-Scale Power Plant 4
• State agency – Proposal process
– Legal sufficiency – DOJ
• Funding– CDP
• FY08 $ 984,000
• FY09 $1,522,400
• FY10 $1,000,000
• FY11 $ 400,000 ???
– State Bonds• F-Bonds $1,000,000 with $2,000,000
• G-Bonds $1,000,000 with $2,000,000 (??)
Cost And Time
• Low temperature power plant: $1,100,000
• High temperature power plant: $11,900,000
• Incubator greenhouse: $300,000
• Incubator aquaculture facility: $300,000
Conclusion
• OIT is the first campus to receives all of its heating energy from a geothermal resource under campus
• OIT has the first geothermal power plant on a university campus and the only one operating in Oregon
• We are approaching a 100% “green” campus – PV, wind and biomass will be added in our Sustainable Energy Park.
• With our Renewable Energy Engineering BS program – we are a training facility in all forms of geothermal energy use – as well as a demonstration/tour site.
Addition Information
From
Geo-Heat Center• http://geoheat.oit.edu
• Bulletin Articles
• Technical Articles
• Technical Assistance
• Geothermal in Oregon report
• Updates on campus geothermal projects
THANK YOU