GETTING MORE OUT OF THE RESEARCH PROCESS

QHTA 27th June 2009

Overcoming the hurdle?

If you don’t encourage the worth of the research process, then the students will not value it.

REMEMBER

Process of Inquiry

Scaffolding to Death!

Keep it simple

1. Identify topic + question2. Initial research3. Identify hypothesis4. Identify focus questions5. Detailed research + ongoing revision of

hypothesis/focus questions6. Planning + drafting, using hypothesis &

focus questions as guide7. Responding to drafting, maintaining record

of changes made

Source of Evidence

Notes Reflection

REMEMBERDon’t be the busiest person in the room at research time.Build towards independence at the end of Year 12.Have a consistent structure and format to build mastery.

Process of Inquiry

A student at A standard:

identifies conceptually complex issues for investigation, devises and focuses historical research questions and appropriate sub-questions

Process of Inquiry

A student at A standard:

identifies conceptually complex issues for investigation, devises and focuses historical research questions and appropriate sub-questions

Process of Inquiry

A student at A standard:

demonstrates initiative by locating and organising primary and secondary sources that offer a range of perspectives

How did Augustus use propaganda to promote an image of the Principate?

Prima Porta Augustus StatueAccording to Wikipedia-Shows him as godlike [no shoes]-Breastplate – return of the Parthian standards-Date of production?-Wikipedia says either 20BC or during the reign of Tiberius. May have been a copy.

?? What is Prima Porta?-Livia’s palaceWhy the cherub?-His family supposed to be descendants of Venus-This makes a big difference. If it is during Tiberius’ reign – we can’t say that this is ‘Augustan propaganda’??

Supported by[Galinsky, K: 1998: 24 – 25] BUTdoesn’t say anything about date?

Process of Inquiry

Process of Inquiry

A student at A standard:

creates and maintains detailed, systematic, coherent records of research that demonstrate the i/relationships of the aspects of inquiry

Maintaining a record of research What constitutes

‘detailed’? Quantity vs Quality

What constitutes ‘systematic’? By focus question? By text? By stage of research? A combination of the

above? What constitutes

‘coherent’? Evidence of

development; doesn’t just ‘jump’

Maintaining a Record of Research Demonstrates the

interrelationships of the aspects of inquiry

‘Demonstrating the Interrelationships of the Aspects of Inquiry’

This means: There is evidence of

the student defining as needs be. Defining key terms, defining the topics, defining the parameters of the topic, defining the key questions, defining key sources

This means: There is evidence of

the student thinking about the sources, including qualifications, background, perspective, reliability, primary or secondary, ‘Schools of thought’ etc

Definitions Sources

‘Demonstrating the Interrelationships of the Aspects of Inquiry’

Do they investigate background of the issue being investigated?

Do they considered what changed?

Do they find the ‘connections’?

Do they identify personal or group motivation? [maybe in the sources?]

Do they consider the causes?

Do they define the short term & long term significance of this phenomenon?

Do they identify and define which individuals/groups who benefited or suffered?

Do they consider if there is controversy around this phenomenon? Do they define the different fields of thought held by sources?

Backgrounds, Changes & Continuities; Motives and Causes

Effects, interests and Arguments

‘Demonstrating the Interrelationships of the Aspects of Inquiry’

Are they thinking about the process of research?

Refer to the reflective questions document.

Reflections and Responses

Process of Inquiry

A student at A standard:

demonstrates critical reflection during research to make valid choices about direction or emphasis.

Emphasise Work = Value

Criterion Cat 4 OSARTS

Cat 1 EWRHE

Cat 2 WRT Overall

1 - - A A

2 B B B B

3 A B A A-

In this typical course scenario, Planning and Using an Historical Research Process constitutes

1/3 of the semester result.

The research task constitutes 5/9 of the semester result.

Conferencing

‘I can’t come up with an hypothesis’ ‘I’m stuck’. ‘I’m having trouble finding sources about

...’ ‘I want to change topic’

Corroboration

Student has written notes about an issue from one source.

Supported by [Thorley: 2008: 209], [Hammond: 1967: 178]

[Wikipedia: online] Supplemented by

[Thorley: 2008: 209 – also notes Pericles’ opposition to the scheme in later years]

[Hammond: 1967: 178 – not as emphatic about the link between the two]

In conflict with [Wikipedia: online] – offers totally different statistics?

Are these more up to date???

Wikipedia 3 Theories of a fall, decline, transition and continuity

3.1 Vegetius 3.2 Edward Gibbon 3.3 Henri Pirenne 3.4 J. B. Bury 3.5 Radovan Richta 3.6 Lucien Musset and the clash of civilizations 3.7 Arnold J. Toynbee and James Burke 3.8 Michael Rostovtzeff, Ludwig von Mises, and Bruce Bartlett 3.9 William H. McNeill 3.10 Peter Heather 3.11 Joseph Tainter 3.12 Bryan Ward-Perkins 3.13 Adrian Goldsworthy 3.14 Environmental degradation 3.15 Mining Output 3.16 The West demoted to the periphery 3.17 Late Antiquity 3.18 Role of lead poisoning

Wikipedia [2009] ‘Decline of the Roman Empire’ Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_the_roman_empire

Wikipedia Notes

^ Bowersock, "The Vanishing Paradigm of the Fall of Rome" Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 49.8 (May 1996:29-43) p. 31.

^ Alexander Demandt: 210 Theories, from Crooked Timber weblog entry August 25, 2003. Retrieved June 2005.

^ Alexander Demandt: 210 Theories, Source: A. Demandt, Der Fall Roms (1984) 695. See also: Karl Galinsky in Classical and Modern Interactions (1992) 53-73.

^ Arnaldo Momigliano, echoing the trope of the sound a tree falling in the forest, titled an article in 1973, "La caduta senza rumore di un impero nel 476 d.C." ("The noiseless fall of an empire in 476 AD").

^ Hunt, Lynn; Thomas R. Martin, Barbara H. Rosenwein, R. Po-chia Hsia, Bonnie G. Smith (2001). The Making of the West, Peoples and Cultures, Volume A: To 1500. Bedford / St. Martins. p. 256. ISBN 0-312-18365-8. 

^ Arther Ferrill, The Fall of the Roman Empire: The Military Explanation (New York: Thames and Hudson Ltd., 1986),

^ a b Bury, J.B. History of the Later Roman Empire • Vol. I Chap. IX

^ See, for instance, "How Excessive Government Killed Ancient Rome", by Bruce Bartlett, and "The Rise and Decline of Civilization", by Ludwig von Mises

^ "How Excessive Government Killed Ancient Rome", by Bruce Bartlett

^ Albion's Seedlings: Heather - The Fall of the Roman Empire

^ Tainter, Joseph (1988) "The Collapse of Complex Societies" (Princeton Uni Press)

^ The Complete Roman Army (2003) p. 214 Adrian Goldsworthy

^ sidan finns inte - 404 - Lunds universitet

^ Browne, Malcolm W. Ice Cap Shows Ancient Mines Polluted the Globe, The New York Times, December 9, 1997. Accessed May 23, 2008.

^ Peter Brown, "The Making of Late Antiquity" (Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1978), 2-3

^ a b c Milton A. Lessler. "Lead and Lead Poisoning from Antiquity to Modern Times". https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/23252/1/V088N3_078.pdf. Retrieved on 11 JAN 2009. 

^ a b Nriagu JO (March 1983). "Saturnine gout among Roman aristocrats. Did lead poisoning contribute to the fall of the Empire?". N. Engl. J. Med. 308 (11): 660–3. PMID 6338384. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/extract/355/18/1935-a. 

^ Director: Chris Warren.. Tales of the Living Dead: Poisoned Roman Babies. [television]. Brighton TV for National Geographic. 

^ Mark E. Anderson MD FAAP (22 AUG 2007). "Children’s Environmental Health: Tribal Nations CEH Summit". ftp://ftp.epa.gov/r8/ceh/2007/Anderson.pdf. Retrieved on 11 JAN 2009. 

^ "Metabolism of Lead". http://www.trace-elements.org.uk/leadmet.htm. Retrieved on 11 JAN 2009. 

^ a b c "A CLUE TO THE DECLINE OF ROME". 31 MAY 1983. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9D04E3DE163BF932A05756C0A965948260. Retrieved on 11 JAN 2009. 

^ Winchester, Simon (2003). Krakatoa: The Day the World Exploded, August 27, 1883. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-621285-5.