gidance & counselling - 26 pp

7/29/2019 Gidance & Counselling - 26 Pp

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GUIDANCE AND

COUNSELLING

RATHEESH

THAPASYA

THRISSUR


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GUIDANCE

Guidance is the personal help that is given

by one person to another in developing life

goals, in making adjustment and in solvingproblems that confront him in the

attainment of goals - Jones


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Characteristics of guidance

It is a form of assistance given by amatured and experienced person to lessmatured and inexperienced person.

It involves the promotion of anindividuals ability in self direction.

It helps an individual to recognize and

use his inner resources, to set goals, tomake plans to workout his own problemsof development.


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It is a organized program.

It consists of specialized services

testing, counselling, educational and

vocational information, placement and

follow up.

It is a continuous and life long process


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Need for guidance in schools

To help in the total development of the

school.

To enable the students to make proper

choices at various stages of their

educational career.

To help students choose, prepare for,

enter upon and progress in career.


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To help students make the best possible

adjustments to the situations in the

schools as well as in the home.

To minimize the mismatching between

education and employment and help in the

efficient use of manpower.

To check wastage and stagnation.

To minimize the incidence of indiscipline.


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Principles of guidance

Primary concern - dignity and worth of

the individual.

All round development of individual is

taken into account

should be continuous process of service

to an individual from childhood

based on individual difference.

based on rigid code of ethics.


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must be an integral part of school

organization.

guidance and instructional objectives are

complementary. Interdependent.

should be flexible according to the needs

of the individual and community.

periodic evaluation or appraisal should be

made of the guidance programme.


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Types of guidance

1. Personal guidance

Personal guidance assists the child to

adjust well with physical and social

environment and to solve all the emotional

psychological problems.

It makes the child socially well adjusted

and emotionally balanced and helps all

round development of his personality


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2. Educational guidance

It is the assistance given to pupils in their

choices and adjustments with relation to

school, curriculum, courses and school

life.

It is a process of rendering help to the

students in their proper educational

development and adjustment.


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3. Vocational guidance It is a process of helping the individual to

choose an occupation that fits him best.

This involves a thorough understanding ofthe individuals general and special

capacities interests and aptitudes as well as

close familiarity with the world of work withrespect to their nature and availability


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Counselling

It is a scientific process of assistance

extended by an expert in an individual

situation to a needy person.

Counselling is a series of direct contacts

with the individual which aims to offer him

assistance in changing the attitudes

behavior.


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It is personal and dynamic relationship that

exists between two individuals, a counsellor

and a counsellee in order to deal with a

problem of the latter with mutualconsideration for each other.


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Types of counselling

a. Directive counselling

It is a counsellor centred where the

counsellor direct the client to take steps inorder to resolve his conflicts.

It is based on the assumption that client

cant solve his own problem for the lack of

information and experience.


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The counsellor plays the major role in the

counselling process.

It is also known as prescriptive

counselling or counsellor -centred.

E G Willliamson is the exponent of this

school.


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b. Non Directive counselling

In this process the client is the pivot or centre,playing the primary role.

He actively participates in the process, gains

insight in to his problems with the help of thecounsellor.

The counsellor leads the client to a point of selfrealization, self actualization and self help

without telling him anything directly.


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Counsellors attitude is friendly, interested

and receptive.

The main function of counsellor is to createan atmosphere in which the client can work

out his problems.

It is also known as permissive counseling.

In this type of counseling emotional elements

rather than intellectual element are stressed.


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c. Eclectic counseling

It is a synthesis and combination of

directive and non directive counseling.

Here the counsellor is neither too active

as in directive counseling nor passive as in

non-directive counseling.


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It follows a middle path between these two

extremes.

He can start with the directive one but

when the situation demands, the

counsellor may switch over to the non-

directive or vice versa


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Importance of rapport in counselling

Rapport is a term used in clinical counselling andpsychotheraphy.

It refers to a relationship of confidence, trust andmutual appreciation between the counsellor and

counselee in a counselling situation. Rapport is a unique bilateral relationship of mutualconfidence and trust between the counsellor and thecounselee to have a meaningful exchange of ideas in

a personal situation. Establishment of rapport is essential for the successful

counselling.


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Techniques to increase the rapport.

Sympathy - counsellor express sympathy for thecounselee.

Homour - he attempts to ease tension in the mind

of counselee with humorous remarks. Assurance and approval counsellor express his

approval with something that the counselee hassaid or done.

personal reference and non personal experience-counsellor cites some his own experience andexperience of other


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Qualities of a good counsellor

Counsellor is considered as the nerve centre

of the school guidance program.Success of

counselling program depends on the personalqualities and competencies of the counsellor.

Magnetic personality should have pleasing

personality that attracts people.


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wide range of interest interested in

various types of people, interested

activities of children, working with people

Personal adjustment should possess

maturity, emotional stability, sense of

worth, confidence, flexibility and

adaptability. Should be well aware of hisstrength and limitations.


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Inter personal relationship should

maintain a warm interpersonal

relationship.

Professional competence should be a

competent person who knows his job well.

leadership should have the ability to

stimulate and lead others


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professional dedication vocational interests,professional attitude, sense of mission, loyaltyand enthusiasm for the cause of education ,dedication to service in student, strong sense ofprofessional ethics, willingness to work beyondcall of duty

philosophy of life should have a wholesomephilosophy of life, civic sense, acceptable valuesystem, respect for personal autonomy andintegrity of client.


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