glass and solar control 2008 technical advisory service
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Glass and solar control
2008
Technical Advisory Service
ThermalInsulation
Solar
Control
AcousticInsulation
Safety
Aesthetic andDecoration
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Introduction
Heat
Introduction
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
Intensity(W/m²)
Wavelength(nm)
0
280 380 780
Energy
2500
UV Light Short I.R.
Introduction – Solar radiancy
Solar spectrum :
UV : 280 to 380 nm 5% energy
Light : 380 to 780 nm 50% energy
Short I.R. : 780 to 2500 nm 45% energy
Introduction – Solar radiancy
Introduction
Solar radiancy Radiators
Close IR
Long IR
Radio wavesV
isible
Introduction – Greenhouse effect
1. Solar radiancy :UV, visual, short IR
2. Absorption: heating of the objects
3. The objects irradiate heat (long IR)
4. The glass is opaque with long IR
= Greenhouse effect
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
The light factors (from 380 to 780 nm)
Lights factors
v = LT = transmitted light incident light
Light
LT
v
LR
v
0,10 0,90
1
SG clear
The light factors (from 380 to 780 nm)
v = LR = light reflexion
v = LT = light transmission
The energy factors (from 280 to 2500 nm)
}g
Energetic factors
SF = g = transmitted heat incident heat
e
qiqe
ER
DET
e
0,08 0,87
0,05 0,02
0,85
1
SG clear
Heat
The energy factors (from 280 to 2500 nm)
Energy equation: DET + EA + ER = 100 %
e = ER = energy reflexion
e = DET = direct energy transmission
e = EA = energy absorption
g = SF = solar factor = total energy transmission
Remarks : american index SHGC (solar heat gain coeeficient) = FS SC (shading coefficient) = FS/87 SC sw = TED/87 SC lw = SC – SC sw
RHG (Relative Heat Gain) = 630 SC + 7.8 U
The energy factors (from 280 to 2500 nm)
Light and energy factors - Selectivity
LIGHT = SOLAR ENERGY (50 %) LT = 80 SF = 40 at least SF = 25 LT = 50 at the maximum
SELECTIVITY = LT <= 2 SF
Clear glazing
100
0
50
280 380 780 1000 2000 2500 2700
Clear glazing with selective coatin
Tra
nsm
issi
on
Wavelength [nm]
Selectivity =LT
SF2
Light and energy factors - Selectivity
Light and energy factors
Clear glazing Solar Factor SF Light Transmission LT
SG 4 mm 87 90
DV 4-15-4 (mm) 76 80
Solar Factor
Lig
ht tr
ansm
issi
onLight and energy factors
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
SG
DG
impossible
Light and energy factors
SG
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Facteur solaire
Tra
nsm
issi
on lu
min
euse
DG
Optimal characteristics in summer
not very interesting (“black” glazing)
Characteristics optimal in winter as
long as there is sun on the glazing
Criterias characterizing the glazings : Ug: thermal insulation heating
FS: solar control ventilation
TL: light transmission lighting
Aesthetic criterias
Introduction
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
How decrease the SF of a glazing ?
Modify the composition of the glass (increase absorption)
Planibel coloured
Solar control glazings
Method of coating (increase reflexion and/or absorption)
« Pyrolytic » coatings– Stopsol– Sunergy
« Magnetron » coatings– Stopray
Requirements on spandrels:– Good matching with vision glass– Angular stability – Preferably single glazed units
Technical solutions– Enamelled float or pyrolytic coated glass– Double glazing «Blackpearl»– Shadow box
Solar control glazings - Spandrels
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Sand (70 %) Melting(15 %)
Stabilising agents(15 %)
Soda LimestoneDolomieFeldspar
Furnace
Tinted glass + metallic oxides
Planibel coloured
Planibel coloured - Range
Linea Azzura Green Bronze Grey Azur Dark Blue Priva Blue
Planibel bronze Tower ITT - Brussels
Planibel coloured - Performances
Example: PLANIBEL green 6 mm
ER
39
DET
44
12
FS
565
EA51
LT = 73LR = 7
single glass 6 mm
Wavelength (nm)
Planibel coloured - PerformancesTra
nsm
issi
on (
%)
90
80
60
50
40
30
20
10
70Clear (selectivity 1)
Bronze (0,7)Grey (0,7)
Azur (1,3)Green (1,3)
280380 780 1000 2000
0
2480
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
280 780 1280 1780 2280
Priva Blue (0,8)
Planibel coloured - Performances
Facteur solaire
Lig
ht
tran
smis
sion
ThermobelThermobel HR Planibel coloured
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100FS
TL
Solar factor
Single glazing
Double glazing
Double glazing with lowemissivity coating
Safety / laminated glazing
Safety / tempered glazing
Enamelled glazing
Planibel coloured - Transformations
Planibel coloured - Spandrels
Coloured enamelled and tempered Planibel
Planibel coloured + Blackpearl
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Technology
Pyrolytic (Spray)Moustier
Pyrolytic (Spray/CVD)Moustier
Pyrolytic (CVD)Moustier
Pyrolytic (CVD)Moustier
1970 1980 1990 2000
Stopsol Classic
Stopsol Supersilver
Stopsol Silverlight
Sunergy
1970 1980 1990 2000
Pyrolytic coating glazing - History
Pyrolytic coating glazing - Process
From « Spray » process (1)
Micro-drops screening
1
To CVD process (Chemical Vapour Deposition) (2) Best lateral uniformity Higher reactivity « Multicoating » possibilities
2
1
2
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Pyrolytic coatings
Can be used in single and double glazing
High light reflexion
Low selectivity
Can be tempered and curved
Stability of aesthetic aspect and performances
Spandrels range available in SG and DGU
Stopsol
Stopsol - Performances
Example : 6 mm Stopsol Classic Green #1
ER
38
DET
21
13
SF
3428
LT = 31
LR = 34
AE51
Stopsol - Performances
Example : 6 mm Stopsol Classic Green #2
RE
50
DET
21
18
SF
3911
TL = 31
LR = 19
AE68
Stopsol - Performances
Example : 6 mm Stopsol Supersilver Green #2
ER
41
DET
32
14
SF
4613
LT = 51
LR = 24
AE55
Stopsol - Performances
Example : 6 mm Stopsol Silverlight Green #2
ER
39
DET
36
14
SF
5011
LR = 58
LR = 19
AE53
Stopsol - Performances
Supersilver Classic Silverlight Sunergy
GREEN #1
Stopsol - Performances
Supersilver Classic Silverlight Sunergy
GREEN #2
Stopsol Classic Clear
Business Park
Bolzano, Italy
Innopolis
Toulouse (France)
Stopsol Classic Clear
Espace Rolin
Brussels
Stopsol Silverlight Green #1
Stopsol - Range
StopsolAspect couche
RL (#1) Clear Green Bronze Grey Azur Priva Blue Dark Blue
Classic Ambre 34% X X X X (X)
Supersilver Argent 35% X X X X
Silverlight Bleu 26% X
Single glazing 6 mm
Stopsol - PerformancesTra
nsm
issi
on (
%)
Wavelength (nm)
Clear float (selectivity 1,0)
CL. CLEAR # 1 (0,7)
CL. BRONZE # 1 (0,5)
CL. GREY # 1 (0,5)
CL. DARK BLUE # 1 (0,7)
CL. GREEN # 1 (0,9)
280380 780 1000 2000 2480
90
80
60
50
40
30
20
10
70
0
Stopsol - Performances
Solar factor
Lig
ht
tran
smis
sion
ThermobelThermobel HR Thermobel coloré Stopsol
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100FS
TL
Stopsol - Transformation
No necessary edge stripping before assemblage
Single glazing
Double glazing
Double glazing with lowemissivity coating
Safety / laminated glazing
Safety / tempered glazing
Enamelled glazing
Enamelled and tempered Stopsol
1 2
1 = Stopsol coating2 = Glass3 = Colorbel enamel
3
Stopsol - Spandrels
Stopsol + Blackpearl
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Sunergy
Pyrolytic coatings
Can be used in single and double glazing (not in pos.1)
Low light reflexion
Low emissivity
Can be tempered and curved
Stability of aesthetic aspect and performances
Sunergy - Performances
Example : 6 mm Sunergy Green #2
ER
52
DET
30
12
SF
426
LT = 55
LR = 7
AE64
La Samaritaine
Paris, France
Sunergy Clear
GulliverLecce, Itale
Sunergy Azur
Sunergy green
Tambest
Finland
Sunergy - Range
Aspect LR #2 Clear Green Bronze Grey Azur Dark Blue PrivaBlue
Sunergy Neutral 9% X X X x
Single glazing 6 mm
280380 780 1000 2000 2480
90
80
60
50
40
30
20
10
70
0
Clear float(selectivity 1,0)
Sunergy clear(selectivity 1,1)
Tra
nsm
issi
on (
%)
Wavelength (nm)
Sunergy - Performances
Sunergy - Performances
Solar factor
Lig
ht
tran
smis
sion
ThermobelThermobel HR Thermobel coloré Stopsol Sunergy
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100FS
TL
Sunergy - Transformation
Single glazing
Double glazing
Double glazing with lowemissivity coating
Safety / laminated glazing
Safety / tempered glazing
Enamelled glazing
No necessary edge stripping before assemblage
Sunergy - Spandrels
Sunergy + Blackpearl
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Magnetron coating glazing
Technology
Dial SputteringLodelinsart
Magnetron sputteringLodelinsart
Magnetron sputteringLodelinsart
Magnetron sputteringLodelinsart
1970 1980 1990 2000
Double silver Stopray
Single silver Stopray
Gold Stopray
Solarbel
1970 1980 1990 2000
Load
Washer
Inspection
Buffer
Buffer
Coat zones
Unload
Magnetron coating glazing
« off-line » deposit
« vacuum » process
Magnetron coating glazing
Cathode (-)
Ions (+)
Magnets
Coating
Glass
Gas
Anode
++ +
++
+
+
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Magnetron coating (precious metals)
Can be used only in double glazing
Position 2
Always low emissivity
High selectivity (LT/SF)
Stability of aesthetic aspect and performances
Spandrels range available
Stopray & Planibel Energy N/NT
Clear glazing
100
0
50
280 380 780 1000 2000 2500
Clear glazing with selective coating
Selectivity =LT
SF2
Stopray & Planibel Energy N/NTTra
nsm
issi
on (
%)
Wavelength (nm)
Planibel / Thermobel Energy N
t° out = 0°C t° in = 20°C
t° of inner sheet = 17.3°C
LT = 71 % - SF = 42 %
ar: U = 1,2 – 1,1 W/m²K
Dimensions max: 3210 mm x 6000 mm
Standard thicknesses : 4 – 6 – 8 – 10 mm
Processings : laminating
Planibel / Thermobel Energy NT
t° out = 0°C t° in = 20°C
t° of inner sheet = 17.3°C
LT = 74 % - SF = 45 %
ar: U = 1,2 – 1,0 W/m²K
Dimensions max: 3210 mm x 6000 mm
Standard thicknesses: 4 – 6 – 8 – 10 mm
Processings: tempering, laminating
Stopray - Brand
Facteurs lumineux Facteurs énergétiques U (ar)
Stopray 6-12-6 Aspect RD65 LT RL Rli DET* RE* AE* FS* SC* FS ** W/(m²K)
Elite Neutral 97 67 14 15 34 32 34 37 0.43 40 1.2 Safir Neutral 95 61 15 18 29 34 37 32 0.37 35 1.2 Vision 50 Neutral 92 49 19 22 23 34 43 27 0.31 28 1.2 Vision 50 T Neutral 96 50 20 22 26 37 37 29 0.33 31 1.2 Galaxy Neutral 87 40 16 19 17 32 51 20 0.23 21 1.2
Silver Silver 95 43 47 42 22 49 29 25 0.29 27 1.2
Lime 61 T Green 88 60 10 13 28 9 63 30 0.35 32 1.2 Emeralda Green 90 36 33 42 16 21 63 20 0.23 21 1.2
Bright Sepia Bronze 90 25 18 41 14 23 63 18 0.21 19 1.2
Titanium 37 T Grey 94 36 6 12 22 14 64 25 0.28 27 1.2 Granite Grey Grey 94 21 14 41 12 21 67 17 0.20 18 1.2
Reflex Blue Blue 88 36 33 42 16 22 62 21 0.24 22 1.2
Indigo 48 T Blue 80 47 8 12 25 10 63 28 0.32 30 1.2
Stopray - Brand
Temperable Stopray
Stopray Vision 50 T
Stopray Vision 60 T
Stopray Lime 61 T
Stopray Titanium 37 T
Stopray Indigo 48 T
Stopray - Performances
Solar factor
Lig
ht
tran
smis
sion
ThermobelThermobel HR Thermobel colored SunergyStopsol EnergyStopray
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100FS
TL
100
0
50
Clear double glazing
Stopray Neutral 50/40
Stopray Cristal 61/40
Stopray - Selectivity
1st generation (single coating)
Tra
nsm
issi
on (
%)
Wavelength (nm)
0
50
100Neutral
Cristal
Elite
Safir
Energy
Carat
Stopray - SelectivityTra
nsm
issi
on (
%)
Wavelength (nm)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Solar Factor [%]
Lig
ht t
ran
smis
sio
n [%
] Planibel ENERGY (71;39)ELITE (67;37)
SAFIR (61;32)
CARAT (52;26)
Galaxy (40,21)
Stopray - Selectivity
Memorial Roi Baudoin
Brussels
Stopray Elite
Mid CityLondon, UK
Stopray Safir
HQ Hewlett PackardParis, France
Sunergy clear curved
Stopray Neutral
Paris AusterlitzStopray Neutral – Stopray Carat
Gregory CarsSaint Petersburg, Russia
Stopray Silver 43/25
Varsovie, Poland
Stopray Silver 43/25
Double glazing
Safety laminated glazing
Stopray - Transformation
Necessary edge
stripping before
assemblage
For Stopray TSafety / tempered glazing
Stopray - Spandrels
1
1 = Glass2 = Colorbel
2
Colorbel tempered or DGU Blackpearl1 2 3
1 = Glass2 = Stopay coating3 = Blackpearl
Evolution du vitrage pour façade
2 ranges for 2 markets
Climates « with lot of sun » Solarbel
Monolithic product with SF and LT very lowSelectivity (<1) and U coefficient insignificantMatched Spandrels
« All » climates Stopray
Insulating glazing with low SF but high LTSelectivity of 1.3 to 2Low U coefficientMatched Spandrels
Stopray - Using
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Low level of light reflexion
High degree of energetic absorption
Convenient for all utilisation
Moderate price
Easy cleaning
Spandrel in single enamelled glazing or Blackpearl
Synthesis – Planibel coloured
High level of light reflexion
Convenient for all utilisation
Moderate price Resistant coating, stable, can be tempered,
curved and laminated 3 variants : Classic, Supersilver and Silverlight Large selection of colours Regular cleaning is necessary (#1) Spandrel in single enamelled glazing or
Blackpearl
Synthesis - Stopsol
Synthesis - Sunergy
Modern aesthetic
Low level of light reflexion
3 variants : clear, azur and green
High selectivity
Low emissivity coating
Convenient for all utilisation
Resistant coating, stable, can be tempered, curved and laminated
Spandrel in Blackpearl
High range of coloursHigh level of solar protectionLarge range of light reflexionSelectivity : high LT and low SFHigh thermal insulationNeutral colours availableAlways in double glazingEasy cleaningSpandrel in single glazing Colorbel or Blackpearl
Synthesis – Stopray & Planibel Energy N/NT
Synthesis
Pyrolithic coatingsMagnetron coatings
Stopsol Sunergy Stopray
Mechanical resistance
high high low
Using in SG pos. 1 or 2 pos. 2 -
Using in DG
pos. 1 or 2 pos. 2 pos. 2
Edge stripping
no no yes
Transfor-mations
TemperingLaminatingEnamelling
Curving
Tempering
Laminating
Enamelling
Curving
(Laminating – contact AGC Flat
Glass Europe)T Temperable
Synthesis
Pyrolithic coatings Magnetron coatings
Stopsol Sunergy Stopray
Light reflexion
High (pos.1) low (pos.2)
low low to high
Thermal insulation
low medium high
Selectivity
low medium high
Neutrality medium medium high
SynthesisThe choice of the glazing depends essentially of :
The type of the building– aesthetic– application (tertiary sector, residential …)– equipement (HVAC….)– quality and comfort needed (thermal, visual, acoustic …)
Of the climatic zone– exposition to the wind, snow …– annual average temperature outside– average sunny period
• latitude• orientation/declination of the façade• outside environment (shadows)
Of the local regulation (energy, safety, ...)
Glass and solar control
Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass
– Stopsol– Sunergy
Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray
Synthesis Comments
Comments – Conventions coating position
1 2
1 2
Monolithic glass (from 1 to 2)
Comments – Conventions coating position
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
Double glass (from 1 to 4)
Comments – Conventions coating position
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6
Triple glass (from 1 to 6)
Comments – Conventions coating position
Example
= Stopsol classic green #1 + Planibel clear
= Planibel clear + Stopsol classic green #2
Comments – Conventions coating position
Example
= Stopsol classic green against PVB + Planibel clear
= Planibel clear + Stopsol classic green against PVB
Comments – Deformation of pictures
Do not place different glazing side by side
Respect the orientation of placing
Comments – Aspect
If the difference of temperature is higher than 30°C between two points of a same glazing, there is a risk of thermal breakage
Comments – Thermal shocks
See training ” thermal shock”
Thermal insulation
Solar
control
Acoustic insulation
Safety
Aesthetic and decoration
Solar control coating
UV resistant silicone
Safety: Laminated glass
Thermal insulationlow-e coating
Acoustic insulation :
Laminated glass and DG
assymetric