Glenohumeral JointAmber Robbins

Classification● Synovial, Diarthrodial joint

➔ Movable➔ Ends of long bones➔ Articular capsule➔ Synovial Membrane

Important Ligaments● Acromioclavicular ● Coracoacromial ● Coracoclavicular

➔ Conoid➔ trapezoid

● Transverse

Important Tendons● Tendon of biceps

brachii muscle● Tendon of

supraspinatus muscle

● Tendon of infraspinatus muscle

Movements● Abduction: OUT deltoid, supraspinatus● Adduction: IN pectoralis major● Flexion: FORWARD deltoid● Extension: BACKWARD triceps brachii,

teres major, deltoid, latissimus dorsi

Movements● Internal Rotation: MEDIAL

subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major

● External Rotation: LATERAL teres minor, infraspinatus

Glenoid Labrum● Increases depth

of glenoid cavity about 50%

● Fibro-cartilaginous reduces friction, provides stability

Torn Labrum● Bankart tear: between

3 and 6 ● SLAP (superior labral

anteroposterior) tear● Posterior labral tear

of reverse Bankart lesion between 12 and 9

Torn Labrum● Dislocation, direct hit,

sudden fall, fall on outstretched arm, sudden pull (heavy object)

● Athletes are prone● Old age comes with an

increased risk

Rehabilitation for Labrum● Before final diagnosis: anti-

inflammatory● Exercises to increase rotator cuff

muscles● Arthroscopic surgery: removal/repair

Frozen Shoulder● Adhesive Capsulitis● Symptoms

➔ Freezing: any movement causes pain

➔ Frozen: Pain decreases, motion decreases

➔ Thawing:Range of motion begins to increase

Frozen Shoulder● Causes: joint capsule thickens and

tightens➔ Cause is uncertain➔ More likely to occur in diabetes

patients, people who have immobilized arm for long period

Frozen Shoulder● Diagnosis: evaluation of movement,

rarely MRIs● Treatment:

➔ Range of motion exercises➔ Steroids➔ Joint distension: sterile water ➔ Shoulder manipulation: anesthetic➔ Surgery: rare, arthroscopically

Bibliography● Glenohumeral Joint. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.physio-pedia.com/Glenohumeral_Joint

● Glenoid Labrum. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article.asp?article=1399● Glenoid Labrum Tear. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/glenoid_labrum_tear/

● Labral Tears (Glenoid Labrum of the Shoulder). (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from

http://www.hss.edu/condition-list_labral-tears-glenoid-labrum.asp#.VQMZF473-iw

● Mayo Clinic Staff (n.d.). Frozen shoulder. Retrieved March 16, 2015, from

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/frozen-shoulder/basics/causes/con-20022510

● Shoulder Joint - Glenohumeral Joint - 3D Anatomy Tutorial. (2012, July 20). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vG1XQkj3Yx0

● Shoulder Joint Tear (Glenoid Labrum Tear). (2001, January 1). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from

http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00426