NAME : SAVSANI KRUTI

STD : 10th ASUB : S.STOPIC :GLOBAL MOVEMENTROLL NO :23SCHOOL : SARVODAYA SECONDARY SCHOOL

GLOBAL MOVEMENT

INDEXPROTEST IN HONG KONG

UNREST IN ROMANIAPROTEST IN TURKEYISRALI SOCIAL JUSTICE MOVEMENT

BOLIVIAN PROTEST

PROTEST IN HONG KONG Since the 1997 handover of Hong Kong to China, the semi-

autonomous city has operated under a "one country, two systems" formula, allowing a limited democracy.

In August, the Chinese government announced plans to vet candidates in Hong Kong's 2017 elections, virtually assuring only pro-Beijing politicians would be on the ballots. Student groups and pro-democracy supporters have taken to the streets in recent days to protest the limitations and to demand universal suffrage.

Tens of thousands of demonstrators have occupied Hong Kong's Central District, bringing parts of the city to a standstill. The protests are one of the largest political challenges to Beijing since the 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown. Chinese officials have scolded protesters and warned against any foreign interference.

A protester raises his umbrellas in front of tear gas which was fired by riot police to disperse protesters blocking the main street to the Central district outside the government headquarters in Hong Kong, on September 28, 2014.

Protesters wave their mobile phones in the air in the streets outside the Hong Kong Government Complex on September 29, 2014 in Hong Kong.

Riot police fire teargas to disperse protesters in Hong Kong.

Thousands of pro-democracy demonstrators gather outside Hong Kong's government headquarters.

A protester raises placards that read "Occupy Central" and "Civil disobedience" in front of riot policemen.

Police stand guard as students carry a defaced cutout of Hong Kong Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying during a protest march to his residence in Hong Kong.

A secondary school student wears a yellow ribbon pinned to her T-shirt during a rally against Beijing's election framework for Hong Kong.

Tens of thousands of protesters block traffic on the main road leading to Hong Kong's Central district on September 28, 2014.

A student pro-democracy protester covers his face in plastic wrap to protect against pepper spray.

Protesters wear masks and goggles to protect themselves from pepper spray while blocking a police car outside the government headquarters.

Riot police launch tear gas into the crowd as thousands of protesters surround the government headquarters.

Riot police fire pepper spray on student protesters surrounding the government headquarters

Police pepper spray protesters after thousands of people block a main road.

UNREST IN ROMANIASocial issues

Romania is the country with the highest poverty levels in the European Union. More than 30% of the population lives on less than $5 per day. In a report conducted by the Presidential Commission for the Analysis of Social and Demographic Risks is specified that there are visible discrepancies between social strata, privileged groups benefiting of higher wages and pensions in comparison with the rest of the population.Bankruptcy of many companies thickens the unemployment rate, in July 2013 reaching the value of 7.6%, highest since onset of the economic crisis in 2010.[3] Other companies, including state companies –Romanian Post, Romanian Railways, are on the verge of bankruptcy, being forced to make cutbacks.

2013 social protests Worsening working conditions, mass layoffs and poor

payroll have taken to the streets thousands of employees even in the early days of 2013.

. Probably the most dramatic and publicized case is Oltchim Râmnicu Vâlcea, one of the largest chemical companies in Romania.

The company recorded losses of €90.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, thus ending the year with a negative result of 270 millioNlei.

The company's leadership was forced to reduce expenses and liabilities, even without announcing employees.

 The company's leadership was forced to reduce expenses and liabilities, even without announcing employees.

. Protests took place throughout the year, one of the largest being organized on 28 March, when nearly 1,500 employees refused to start work and blocked the traffic on national road DN64

The unrest escalated with the storming of company's headquarters on 4 July, while in the subsequent months, some employees launched a hunger strike.

CFS CRISIS The deplorable situation of the national railway company took

to the streets thousands of employees under the threat of job loss or salary reduction.

On 16 January 2013, thousands of employees triggered a spontaneous strike,[51] 138 trains being blocked for several hours in major railway stations in the country, including Bucharest, Craiova, ClujNapoca, Iași, Galați andConstanța.

A larger strike took place on 23 April 2014, when, for two hours, rail traffic was paralyzed in major train stations in the country.

About 400 passenger trains and 200 freight trains stood in the stations or on route

PROTEST IN TURKEY A wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Turkey began

on 28 May 2013, initially to contest the urban development plan for Istanbul's Taksim Gezi Park. The protests were sparked by outrage at the violent eviction of a sit-in at the park protesting the plan.[79] Subsequently, supporting protests and strikes took place across Turkey protesting a wide range of concerns, at the core of which were issues of freedom of the press, of expression, assembly, and the government's encroachment on Turkey's secularism. With no centralised leadership beyond the small assembly that organized the original environmental protest, the protests have been compared to the Occupy movement and the May 1968 events. Social media played a key part in the protests, not least because much of the Turkish media downplayed the protests, particularly in the early stages. 3.5 million of Turkey's 80 million people are estimated to have taken an active part in almost 5,000 demonstrations across Turkey connected with the original Gezi Park protest.[80] 11 people were killed and more than 8,000 were injured, many critically

The sit-in at Taksim Gezi Park was restored after police withdrew from Taksim Square on 1 June, and developed into an Occupy-like camp with thousands of protesters in tents, organising a library, medical center, food distribution, and their own media. After the Gezi Park camp was cleared by riot police on 15 June, protesters began to meet in other parks all around Turkey and organised public forums to discuss ways forward for the protests.. In addition to the 11 deaths and over 8,000 injuries, more than 3,000 arrests were made.

During Gezi Park protestsStanding man/woman protests

Riot police clearing Gezi Park on 15 June

2013 May On the morning of 28 May, around 50 environmentalists are camping out in Gezi Park in order to prevent its demolition.

 Photos of the scene, such as an image of a young female protester (later nicknamed the"woman in red") holding her ground while being sprayed by a policeman, quickly spread throughout the world media.

The size of the protests grows.[156]

 Online activists' calls for support against the police crackdown increase the number of sit-in protesters by the eveningPolice carry out another raid on the encampment.

DemandsOn 4 June a solidarity group associated with the Occupy Gezi movement, Taksim Dayanışması ("Taksim Solidarity"), issued several demands

the preservation of Gezi Park; an end to police violence, the right to freedom of assembly

and the prosecution of those responsible for the violence against demonstrators;

an end to the sale of "public spaces, beaches, waters, forests, streams, parks and urban symbols to private companies, large holdings and investors";

the right of people to express their "needs and complaints without experiencing fear, arrest or torture."

for the media "whose professional duty is to protect the public good and relay correct information ... to act in an ethical and professional way."

ruling authorities to realise that the reaction of the citizens is also about the third airport in Istanbul, the third bridge over The Bosporus, the construction on Atatürk Forest Farm, and the hydro-electric power planT

ISRAELI SOCIAL JUSTICE MOVEMENT The 2011 Israeli social justice protests  

which are also referred to by various other names in the media, were a series of demonstrations in Israel beginning in July 2011 involving hundreds of thousands of protesters from a variety of socio-economic and religious backgrounds opposing the continuing rise in the cost of living (particularly housing) and the deterioration of public services such as health and education. A common rallying cry at the demonstrations was the chant; "The people demand social justice!".

As the protests expanded during August 2011, the demonstrations began to also focus on other related issues relating to the social order and power structure in Israel.

A major focus of the protests have been what organizers have termed social justice. Part of the movement is about changing the social order, and the economic system. Calls to topple the government were made by some parts of the protests.[1]

 Criticism of the protests includes accusations of a political agenda rather than a social one with revelations of funding from specific left-wing individuals and organizations like S. Daniel Abraham and the New Israel Fund.[2] Maariv journalist Kalman Libeskind claimed that the spontaneous protests had actually been three months in the planning by Stan Greenberg and orchestrated by left-wing organizations and The National Left.[3] Criticism within the protests accused the 'protest leaders' of not publicizing specific goals, the lack of visibility of their goals, and the damaging impact of media focus being on a few activists.[4]

Following the first large-scale protests in early August, the government announced that a series of measures would taken to solve the housing shortage, some of which were already under preparation and ratification, and some which were new measures proposed in response to the demands of the protest movement leadership

DEMAND The initial objective of the leaders of the protest

movement focused on reducing the costs of housing in Israel. For the most part, the protest leadership has declared that they would not offer any concrete solutions to the crisis on the grounds that it is not their role, but the government's role. However, the demonstrators in Tel Aviv have promised to work together with the Knesset members and other decision makers to promote legislation aimed at protecting apartment renters against exploitation of their hardships by landlords, in a way that would correspond to similar legislation worldwide.[79] At some of the public events, protesters call revolution, for Netanyahu's resignation, and the downfall of the government.[69][80]

1. A new taxation system would be implemented

2. Free schooling from an early age. 3. Privatization of state-owned enterprises

would end. 4. More resources would be invested on 

public housing and public transportation

BOLIVIAN PROTESTThe 2011 Bolivian protests were a series of

demonstrations by indigenous peoples who opposed the construction of the Villa Tunari – San Ignacio de Moxos Highway through the Isiboro Sécure National Park and Indigenous Territory, similar to theTrans-Amazonian Highway in Brazil, the ancestral lands of over 12,000 indigenous residents, from the Chimane, Yuracaré, and Mojeño-Trinitario peoples.[1]

 The subcentral TIPNIS, the Confederation of Indigenous Peoples of Bolivia (CIDOB), and the highland indigenous confederation CONAMAQ—supported by other indigenous and environmental groups—organised a march from Trinidad, Beni to the national capital La Paz in opposition to the project, beginning on 15 August 2011.[

The highway project was supported by domestic migrants, highland indigenous groups affiliated with peasant organizations, and the government.During the protests the lowland tribes peoples briefly held Foreign Minister David Choquehuanca in their protests so as to pass through a police roadblock. Defense Minister María Chacón Rendón later resigned as a result of the violent crackdown on protests on 24 September that caused four deaths; due to the adverse reaction to the government crackdown Interior Minister Sacha Llorenti also resigned.. Protests were held in the national capital La Paz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Yucomo,Rurrenabaque, Trinidad, San Antonio, El Alto and Beni.

n April 2012, a new round of protest marches commences in protest against Morales' continued support for the project

 More than 1,700 protesters, including pregnant women and children, joined the 375-mile

On 25 September, after the protesters reached the Yucomo region led to police firing tear gas and detaining some protesters, it also led to several injuries and four deaths.

]Maria Carvajal, a rights activist, said that the police attacked the protest camp with "extreme violence" and that she "could not believe what was happening." The next day, protesters returned and set barricades on fire at the airport runway in Rurrenabaque in order to secure the release of 300 protesters who had been arrested, according to Mayor Yerko Nunez. Protests also occurred in the capital city of La Paz as riot police had to organize a security cordon around the Quemada government building, where thousands of protesters denounced the crackdown. Solidarity protests were also held in Cochabamba (the scene of similar anti-government riots prior to Morales taking office, which some said were instrumental in leading the social movements that brought Morales to power, with student protests and members of the Aymara and Quechua indigenous peoples beginning a hunger strike

On 28 September, several thousands again gathered to protest against the government crackdown and to defend the national park. The Central Obrera Boliviana called for a 24-hour general strike though some businesses stayed open, schools and medical services were affected. The strikers marched outside the capital of La Paz to El Alto.

The protesters were said to be encouraged by the solidarity protests in the urban areas and the general strike..

On 19 October, almost 2,000 protesters reached the capital city of La Paz. Despite the suspension of the project the protest march continued in order to see the project canceled. d that the protest march would continue

YOU….THANK