gmit cansat 2014
TRANSCRIPT
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GMIT CANSAT 2014Team Unicorn
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Team Members
• Max Phelan• Vincent Slevin• Niall Redmond
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ObjectiveA CanSat is a simulation of a real satellite, contained within the volume of a 330ml soft-drinks can. The Primary Mission of the CanSat is to remotely measure temperature and pressure, and transmit the data to the ground-station (laptop computer). In addition to a computer (Arduino UNO microcontroller), radio communications module, sensors and power supply, the CanSat will eventually need a parachute to land safely after launch from high altitude (eg. from a rocket, balloon, plane).
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ParachuteSignal to Laptop from Satellite Transmitter
Signal Receiver
Laptop
Primary Mission
CanSat – contains computer, radio communications module, T & P sensors and power supply
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Primary Mission
As the Can drops sensor information will be relayed to the Arduino Serial Monitor allowing the user to plot and analyse the data
Temp = 22.3Temp = 22.4Temp = 22.6Temp = 22.7Temp = 22.8Temp = 22.9Temp = 23.0Temp = 23.4Temp = 24
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The secondary mission that was chosen was to enhance the program written for the Arduino.
Because temperature effects pressure we decided that the temperature readingwould feed into the pressure formulagiving a more accurate reading.
Secondary Mission
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NTC Thermistor Sensor
NTC - Thermistor was used to measure the change of temperature as the can dropped
Calibration curve for the NTC thermistor
Circuit Diagram for the NTC - Thermistor
• Used to calibrate the Arduino software to ensure a correct temperature reading is given
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NTC Thermistor Sensor
Program used to run NTC Thermistor
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A MPX4410 pressure sensor was used for the cansat
Pressure Sensor
Calibration Curve used for the MPX4410 pressure sensor
• Used to calibrate the pressure sensor with the Arduino program
Circuit Diagram for the MPX4410 pressure sensor
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Pressure SensorMPX4410 Transfer function plots voltage against pressure
Formula used to Calculate Pressure from formula. Gives pressure in KPa
Example of Arduino program used to calculate pressure
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Pressure Sensor
Calculating altitude from pressure
Formula for getting Height
Pow Function for writing exponents in Arduino program
Program written for Altitude. Note that temp is being inputted from NTC Thermistor reading
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Final Program
Program used for the Launch of the satellite.
Secondary mission is included in the altitude formula as the temperature input.
Some changes could be made to tidy up the code, but it is functional for the mission.
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APC220 Communication Module
This module transmits data from the Arduino to the Computer
This allows the user the see the serial data wirelessly on a computer
It was set to a different frequency band to ensure it would not be disrupted by other team radio-link connections
Circuit Diagram showing how the APC220 module should be connected
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AUU Sensor Board
The AUU Sensor board is a printed circuit board which connects the sensors such as NTC Thermistor and the MPX4410 pressure sensor
Developed by http://www.space.aau.dk to give a easy platform to link sensors to a Arduino for satellite missions.
Its small size allows students to fit electronics Into something as small as a soda can.
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Aluminium ChassisAluminium chassis was built using the supplied aluminium sheet in the kit
First Designed in Creo to ensureOptimal design in consideration to all the parts involved
3d rendering of the design
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Aluminium Chassis
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Parachute was constructed using the formula shown from NASAThe Brief required a terminal velocity of 8m/s to 11m/sMaximum CanSat mass: 350g
Parachute
A CAD model was doneof the parachute in CREO as a Sheet part. this allowed a flattened pattern used a reference for making the parachute.
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CanSat Construction
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CanSat Construction
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Launch Area
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Launch Method
A DJI Hexacopter S550 lifted the CanSat Approximately 20m-30m vertically from the Launch site.
Allowing the CanSat enough time to take adequate readings of temperature and pressure
Hexacopter - Specifications:- Made by DJI in China- Model Flame Wheel 550 (F550)- Frame Weight 478g- Diagonal Wheelbase 550mm- Take-off Weight 1200g ~ 2400g- Propeller 10 × 4.5in- Brushless Motor 2212 22 × 12mm (Stator size)- ESC 30A OPTO
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Readings
0:03:29:192 1.96,17.93,1001.82,94.61 0:03:29:302 1.96,17.93,1001.82,94.61 0:03:29:411 1.96,17.93,1001.82,94.61 0:03:29:521 1.96,17.93,1001.82,94.61 0:03:29:521 1.96,17.93,1001.82,94.61 0:03:29:630 1.96,17.93,1001.82,94.61 0:03:29:739 1.96,17.93,1001.82,94.61 0:03:29:848 1.96,17.93,1002.91,85.37 0:03:29:957 1.96,17.93,1002.91,85.37 0:03:30:066 1.96,17.93,1002.91,85.37 0:03:30:175 1.96,17.93,1002.91,85.37 0:03:30:285 1.96,17.93,1002.91,85.37 0:03:30:394 1.96,17.93,1002.91,85.37 0:03:30:503 1.96,17.93,1003.99,76.15 0:03:30:612 1.96,17.93,1002.91,85.37 0:03:30:722 1.96,17.93,1003.99,76.15 0:03:30:831 1.96,17.93,1003.99,76.15 0:03:30:940 1.96,18.02,1003.99,76.17 0:03:31:049 1.96,18.02,1003.99,76.17 0:03:31:158 1.96,18.02,1003.99,76.17 0:03:31:268 1.96,18.02,1003.99,76.17 0:03:31:268 1.96,18.02,1005.08,66.95 0:03:31:377 1.96,18.02,1005.08,66.95 0:03:31:486 1.96,18.02,1005.08,66.95 0:03:31:595 1.96,18.02,1003.99,76.17 0:03:31:704 1.96,18.02,1005.08,66.95 0:03:31:814 1.96,18.02,1005.08,66.95 0:03:31:923 1.96,18.02,1005.08,66.95
Readings taken from moment of descent to landing (crashing) of CanSat
A program called CoolTerm was used to capture the data from the receiver. This added a useful timestamp to the data.
Data was then imported into Excel to plot the various information gathered
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Height Vs Pressure
1001
.82
1001
.82
1001
.82
1001
.82
1002
.91
1002
.91
1002
.91
1002
.91
1003
.99
1003
.99
1003
.99
1005
.08
1003
.99
1005
.08
020406080
100
Height (m) vs Pressure (milliBars)
milliBars
Met
res
This graph demonstrates that pressure is inversely proportional to the height perpendicular from the ground
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Height Vs Temperature
17.93
17.93
17.93
17.93
17.93
17.93
17.93
17.93
17.93
18.02
18.02
18.02
18.02
18.02
020406080
100
Height (m) vs Temperature (Celsius)
Celsius
Met
res
This graph demonstrates that temperature is inversely proportional to the height perpendicular from the ground
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29.19
2
29.41
1
29.52
1
29.73
9
29.95
7
30.17
5
30.39
4
30.61
2
30.83
1
31.04
9
31.26
8
31.37
7
31.59
5
31.81
4
020406080
100
Height (m) Vs Time (Seconds)
Time
Met
res
Height Vs Time
This graph show the distance travelled per second. The velocity and initial acceleration can be determined from this graph
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Determining Velocity and Acceleration Time (Seconds) Distance(Metres)
A 29.739 94.61B 31.704 66.9
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SummaryWhat we learnt:
• How to program an Arduino• How to fully complete a project within time• Designing something within the brief parameters• Prototyping using CAD programs such as Creo• Engineering Formulae needed to complete the projectChallenges:
• A major challenge was designing the parachute with such a high descent velocity went against our intuition of what a safe descent velocity should be. Our multiple calculations of the size of the parachute led to a very small parachute area.
Future Work:
• Better landing mechanism such as deployable wings or propellers to slow the CanSat
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ANY QUESTIONS?