good use in conjunction with flow chart
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Good use in conjunction with flow chart. Matter. describing matter. Matter. matter: anything that has mass and takes up space. Properties of Matter. property: characteristic Types of Properties 1. physical properties 2. chemical properties - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Good use in conjunction with flow chart
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Matterdescribing matter
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Matter
matter: anything that has mass and takes up space
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Properties of Matter
property: characteristic Types of Properties
1. physical properties
2. chemical properties
physical and chemical properties are used to identify, describe, and
classify matter
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Physical Properties Observed without changing the
substance into something else
Examples Color Density Shape Boiling Point Odor Solubility Hardness Malleability Ductility
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Chemical Properties
Observed only when substance is changed and interacts with another substance
Examples
flammability: able to burn
rusting: combining with oxygen to form rust
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Physical and Chemical Properties
What is an example of a physical property of a candle?
What is an example of a chemical property of a candle?
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3 States of Matter
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States of MatterSOLIDHas definite shape and volume.Particles vibrate.Particles are close together LIQUIDTake shape of container; volume confined to
container.Particles move more freely.Greater space between particlesGASNo shape and volume.Particles move most freely.Greatest space between particles
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Kinds of Matter
Fundamental kinds of matter interact to form everything around us
Elements
Compounds
Mixtures
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Pure Substance
A substance made up of only 1 particle throughout
Pure substances can be elements, compounds, molecules, atoms
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Elements A pure substance that cannot be
broken down into other substances chemically or physically
Made up of only 1 type of atom
examples sodium oxygen carbon aluminum sulfur
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Compounds
A pure substance made of two or more elements combined chemically
compounds have properties different from those of the original elements
Examples: Water Carbon dioxide Ammonia Methane
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Molecule
A pure substance chemically combined with a covalent (molecular) bond
Ex. CO2
Ex. H2O
Ex. Cl2
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Atom
The smallest building block of matter
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Mixtures
combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
examples salad frosted cake kool-aid
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Types of Mixtures Homogeneous Mixture Has constant
composition Is uniform throughout Ex. Coloured Water
Heterogeneous Mixture
Mixtures which do not have constant composition
Not uniform throughout Ex. Trail mix
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Changes in matter
two kindsphysical changeschemical changes
energy is used anytime a change in matter occurs
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physical change
Alters form or appearance of material, but does not change material into brand new substance
examples chopping wood bending wire molding clay
phase changes
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chemical change
produces new substances
examples wood burning sour milk
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Chemical Change the substance is altered chemically and displays different
physical and chemical properties after the change. new substance(s) are formed through reorganization of
atoms. A chemical change is irreversible Ex. Magnesium wire burns
producing white ash of MgO
Ex. Zinc is combined with Hydrochloric Acid
Ex. Food metabolizes in the body
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Changes of State are Physical Changes
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Crystallization/Deposition: the change in state from a gas to solid
Sublimation: the change in state from solid to gas
Condensing: the change in state from gas to liquid
Vaporization: the change in state from liquid to gas
Melting: the change in state from solid to liquid
Freezing: the change in state from liquid to solid
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Heating Curve for Water
A pure substance has a very distinctive graph
There are 2 plateaus on the graph when the substance goes through its phase changes
melting (solid to liquid at 0 C) and boiling(liquid to gas (100 C)
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Other heating curves
What is the melting point and boiling point for each substance?