governance on small towns water supply project in nepal · presentation outline project background...

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Governance on Small Towns Water Supply Project in Nepal

Shashi BhattaraiDevelopment Research [email protected]

Binay ShahWater and Sanitation [email protected]

Srijan AryalProject [email protected]

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Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal2

Presentation Outline

Project BackgroundGovernance OverviewProject Cycle & Implementation ProcedureProject StatusPlanning and Development PhaseDetail Engineering PhaseImplementation and Post Construction PhasePositives from the Governance CycleConclusion and Recommendation


Project Background

The project utilize community-based demand responsive approachOwned and Operated by CommunityThe project design is based on Cost sharingand Partial recovery basisInitial Capital Cost consists of Loan, Community contribution and Government GrantLocal tariff system to cover all O&M, Loan repayment and System expansion, as needed by community

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Governance Overview 1

EDC

TDF

CM NGO

CWC

TPO

DWSSPMOPIC

WUSCTown Project WUSC: Water User and Sanitation Committee

DWSS: Department of Water Supply & SanitationTDF: Town Development Fund EDC: Engineering Design ConsultantsPMO: Project Management OfficeCWC: Civil Works ContractorCM NGO: Community / Social Mobilization NGOMPPW: Ministry of Physical Planning and WorksPIC: Project Implementation ConsultantsTPO: Town Project Office

Asian Development Bank and MPPW, Government of NepalProject Governance

UN-HABITAT Water for Asian Cities - NepalFacilitation and Support (If needed):

Strengthening intuitional & local capacity, Gender mainstreaming, and Pro-poor urban water governance



PMO

NGO

WUSC

PMO

WUSC

PMO

PMO

TPO

EDC

NGO

WUSC

EDC

TDF

NGO

WUSC

PMO

TPO

EDC

TDF

NGO

WUSC

CWC

TDF

NGO

WUSC

PMO

TDF

WUSC WUSC

Planning and Development Implementation Post Implementation

Time

Age

ncie

s

NGO

6


TDF30% Loan

WUSCO&M 100%

WUSCKind 15%

WUSCCash 5%

GON50% Grant

WUSCTown Project

WUSC: Water User and Sanitation CommitteeGON: Government of NepalTDF: Town Development Fund

Financial Governance


Project Cycle & Implementation Procedures

Joint application, evaluation and prioritization of applications (PMO, PIC) NGOs selection to conduct Public Awareness Campaign and Hygiene Education (PMO, PIC)Signing of Community Action Plan prepared with support of CM NGO by WUSC. Feasibility study from engineering design consultants (EDC)Detailed engineering design from EDCTown project agreement signed by WUSC, PMO & TDFTendering and bid evaluation by PMO/PIC and WUSCCivil Construction Contractor (CWC) on boardConstruction supervision by EDC, TPO & WUSC

Project Web Site: www.stwsssp.gov.npProject Web Site: www.stwsssp.gov.np


Project Status

Batch No. of TownProjects 0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76-100%

Batch I 8 0 2 3 3Batch II 15 5 4 3 3Batch III 8 8 0 0 0

Status of Projects / Progess

FIRST PHASE: 2001 - 2006


Planning and development Phase

Community Mobilizing: Public Awareness Campaign and Health & Hygiene Education (NGO, WUSC)Establishment of the scope of the works (WUSC, NGO, EDC, PMO)Incorporating Design Feedbacks (EDC)Need and demand assessment (WUSC, NGO, EDC) Interaction with WUSC in determining service area of project (EDC)


Detailed Engineering Design Phase

Streamlining design approach and assumptions (PMO/PIC & EDC)Incorporating demand responsive principles in detailed design (EDC/WUSC)Detail Engineering Report / Tender Documents (EDC/PMO)EIA / IEE as required (EDC)Invitation to Civil Works Contractor (PMO)Evaluation and award of construction (TDF, PMO, WUSC)


Implementation and Post Construction Phases

Manpower for Construction Supervision (EDC)Balancing the community’s demands and contract management (WUSC, EDC, CWC, TPO, PMO)Community’s role during implementation (NGO, EDC, WUSC, PMO, PIC)Balancing government financial requirements and ADB regulations and the community (PMO, ADB, WUSC, EDC, CWC, TPO, NGO)Community’s responsibility and capacity building(NGO, WUSC, PMO, PIC)


Positives from the Governance Cycle

Community participationCost recoveryLocal tariffGender involvement and social inclusionEnhanced service levelImplementation in conflict situationInterests from other program (Water for Asian Cities – UN HABITAT)


Conclusion and Recommendation 1

Features of effective community participation, cost recovery, local tariff, increased involvement of women & better service level are essential for sustainability in small town water projects.Appraisal process of projects in terms of needs assessment and general feasibilityhas to be done in a robust manner with special focus on the determination of service area.


Conclusion and Recommendation 2

The design process needs to be streamlined to enhance consistency & effectiveness.Introduction of greater flexibility in contract administrationGreater financial autonomy to WUSC is essential for effective implementation & sustainable outcome.

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Thank You !Comments and Suggestions:[email protected]

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