Grammar B+C

Unit4Unit4

Countable and uncountable nouns

A countable noun refers to something

we can count.

An uncountable noun refers to

something we cannot count.

Here are some examples.

Countable nounsUncountable

nounsSingular Plural

an apple two apples bread

a table two tables water

a ruler two rulers hairOnly countable nouns have

plural forms: apples tables

rulers

TIP

To form the plural form of most countable nouns, we add ‘s’ to the singular form.However, there are some exceptions.

Most nouns + s a book → books

Nouns ending in a consonant + y

– y + ies a story → stories

Nouns

ending in s,

sh, ch or x+ es

a glass → glasses

a wish → wishes

a watch → watches

a box → boxes

Nouns

ending in o

+ s

+ es

a piano → pianos

a radio → radios

a mango → mangoes

Nouns

ending in

f or fe

– f or fe + vesa shelf →shelves

a knife →knives

Look at the pictures. Write a C for

countable nouns and a U for uncountable

nouns.

1

bread ( )

2

banana ( )U C

3

tea ( )

4

carrot ( )U C

We can also use nouns in front of We can also use nouns in front of uncountable nouns to show their uncountable nouns to show their amounts.amounts.

a…of + uncountable noun

a glass of milk a kilo of meat

a…of + uncountable noun

a cup of tea

a packet of salt a bowl of rice

Finish and write the nouns in the

correct column of the table.

Millie: Mum ,What do we need?

Mrs. Wang: We need some _________,

a____ of_____ and

a ________ of____.

Millie: Do we need to buy some

_______?

chicken

bag rice

packet salt

fruit

Mrs. Wang: Yes. Let’s buy some_______

and _________.

Millie: I want to buy some__________.

They are Grandpa’s favourite,

And we have only one_______.

We need to buy some, too.

carrots

potatoes

mangoes

apple

Mrs. Wang: OK,I think we need

some_____ and three

_________of ______.

Millie: Yes.

Coke

cartons milk

Countable

nouns

Uncountable

nouns

potatoes

carrots

mangoes

vegetables

apples

chicken

rice

fruit

salt

Coke

milk

Grammar: C

Using “there is/ there are”

There isa singular noun

an uncountable noun

There are + a plural noun

否定形式 : BE + not

一般疑问句形式 :

Is therea singular noun

an uncountable noun

Are there + a plural noun

还记得 there be 吗？1 ． there be 结构主要表示“某地（某时） 有…”表示事物的存在。 There be 中的动词 be (is, are) 是“存在”的意思。 be

(is, are) 的形式取决于后面的名词。其结构如下： 　“There be+ 名词（主语）＋地点状语或时间状语。”例如：

(1)There are many students in the

classroom.

教室里有许多学生。(2)There is a picture on the wall.

墙上有一张画。 (3)There are seven days in a week.

一周有七天。

(4) There is a box of apples on the table.

在 there be 结构中一定要注意谓语就近的原则。(5) There is a pen and two books on the

desk.

(6) There are two books and a pen

on the desk.

There be 的句型转换：一般疑问句及其回答：Is (Are) there...? Yes, there is.

No, there isn't.

否定句： There is (are) not...

1. 桌上有一些面包 .

There is some bread on the table.

2. 他的笔袋里有一块橡皮 .

There is an eraser in his pencil case.

3. 我们学校有两个网球场 .

There are two tennis courts in our

school.

句型转换 : a) 否定句 b) 一般疑问句

A) My pencil case

B) My school

C) My bedroom

D) My classroom

Using “There is/ are” to make a

composition with your classmates

Oral composition

Talking about SunnysideTalking about Sunnyside

Kitty wants to send an e-mail

about Sunnyside Shopping Mall to

her e-friend. Help her complete the

sentences below with “there is”

and “there are”