greece. greece geography the sea –greece is a peninsula surrounded by the sea. greece geography
TRANSCRIPT
GREECEGREECE
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Sea– Greece is a peninsula surrounded by the sea.
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Sea– Greece is a peninsula surrounded by the sea.– Traded with other societies because they did
not many natural resources.
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Sea– Greece is a peninsula surrounded by the sea.– Traded with other societies because they did
not many natural resources.– Used a travel method called island hopping to
travel across the sea.
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• Island Hopping
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Land
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Land– Rugged mountains cover three-fourths of
ancient Greece.
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Land– Rugged mountains cover three-fourths of
ancient Greece.– Independent city-states developed because
the mountains keep the communities separate.
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Climate
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Climate– The temperature is
moderate and it only rains in the winter.
• Avg. temps:– 48˚ winter, – 80˚ summer
• Developed an outdoor culture for Greek males– Exs: meetings,
discussions
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Climate– The temperature is moderate and it only rains
in the winter.– Most Greek societies spent the majority of
their time outside because of the favorable climate.
GREECE GEOGRAPHYGREECE GEOGRAPHY
• The Climate– The temperature is moderate and it only rains
in the winter.– Most Greek societies spent the majority of
their time outside because of the favorable climate.
– Men spent most of their lives outdoors at the agoras, gyms, and political meetings or at the theater, civic or religious celebrations.
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• Mycenaeans
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• Mycenaeans– Ancient Greek civilization who controlled most
of the peninsula.
GREECEGREECE
• Mycenaeans– Ancient Greek civilization who controlled most
of the peninsula.– Traded across the seas
(influenced by Minoans)
GREECEGREECE
• Mycenaeans– Ancient Greek civilization who controlled most
of the peninsula.– Traded across the seas
(influenced by Minoans)– Greeks made contact with many societies
across the Mediterranean Sea
GREECEGREECE
• Mycenaeans– Ancient Greek civilization who controlled most
of the peninsula.– Traded across the seas
(influenced by Minoans)– Greeks made contact with many societies
across the Mediterranean Sea– Population increases forced Greek societies
to develop colonies in neighboring lands
GREECEGREECE
• Mycenaeans– Ancient Greek civilization who controlled most of the
peninsula.– Traded across the seas
(influenced by Minoans)– Greeks made contact with many societies across the
Mediterranean Sea– Population increases forced Greek societies to
develop colonies in neighboring lands– The Greeks also went to war with neighboring
societies and their colonies.
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• Trojan War
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• Trojan War– 10 year battle between Mycenaeans and Troy
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• Trojan War– 10 year battle between Mycenaeans and Troy– The battle ends when the Mycenaeans sneak
into Troy aboard a giant fake horse.
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• Trojan War– 10 year battle between Mycenaeans and Troy– The battle ends when the Mycenaeans sneak
into Troy aboard a giant fake horse.– Fact or Fiction?
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• Dark Ages (1150 – 750 B.C.)
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• Dark Ages (1150 – 750 B.C.)– No written records exist from this time period.
GREECEGREECE
• Dark Ages (1150 – 750 B.C.)– No written records exist from this time period.– History and information was passed through
oral tradition (ex. epics and myths)
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• After the Dark Ages, the “polis” developed - that is a city-state (a city and its surrounding land).
• All citizens (free adult land-owning males) were expected to serve the polis– Meetings were held in the agora (market
place) or the Acropolis (the fortified hilltop).
– Armies of citizens formed and made iron weapons.
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
–Every citizen was expected to be a soldier for his polis.
–Hoplites (foot soldiers with armor, spear, and shield) developed.
–The phalanx developed - the most powerful fighting machine of its day.
Greek City-State (Polis)Greek City-State (Polis)
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• City-State (Polis)– Fundamental political unit in ancient Greece
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• City-State (Polis)– Fundamental political unit in ancient Greece– Central urban area for surrounding
countryside
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• City-State (Polis)– Fundamental political unit in ancient Greece– Central urban area for surrounding
countryside– Citizens discussed government issues at the
agora
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• Citizenship
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• Citizenship– Adult Male Landowners
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• Citizenship– Adult Male Landowners– Gave input into
government issues
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• Citizenship– Adult Male Landowners– Gave input into
government issues– Served in the military in
times of war
GREEK SOCIETYGREEK SOCIETY
• Citizenship– Adult Male Landowners– Gave input into
government issues– Served in the military in
times of war– Wealthy citizens began
their formal education at the age of seven
GREEK RELIGIONGREEK RELIGION
• The Olympics were held in honor of the gods• The Greeks imagined their gods to be a lot like
humans • They had their passions/weaknesses (love,
hate, fear, jealousy) • They were quarrelsome, but they were
immortal. • Greeks developed myths about their gods and
goddesses and used these myths to understand the mysteries of nature/life.
GREEK PHILOSOPHERS
• Socrates
• Aristotle
• Plato
ATHENSATHENS
ATHENSATHENS
• Early Government
ATHENSATHENS
• Early Government– Oligarchy – governments ruled by a few
powerful people
ATHENSATHENS
• Form a Democracy– Draco introduces a legal code to make all
Athenians equal under the law
ATHENSATHENS
• Form a Democracy– Draco introduces a legal code to make all
Athenians equal under the law.– Solon outlaws debt slavery and organized
Athenian citizens into four social classes according to wealth.
ATHENSATHENS
• Form a Democracy– Draco introduces a legal code to make all
Athenians equal under the law.– Solon (594 B.C.) outlaws debt slavery and
organized Athenian citizens into four social classes according to wealth.
– Cleisthenes (508 B.C.) allowed all citizens to submit laws for debate and passage. He creates the Council of Five Hundred. This creates a limited democracy in Athens.
GREEK ARCHITECTUREGREEK ARCHITECTURE
GREEK ARTGREEK ART
ATHENSATHENS
• Women had few rights in Athens.
ATHENSATHENS
• Women had few rights in Athens.– No Voting– No testifying in court without a male
representative– Must remain in the house– Adulterers were put to death
SPARTASPARTA
• Spartans worked to create a strong city-state:– only healthy children were allowed to live– boys were trained for the army at 7– life in army training was harsh to toughen the soldiers
up– men remained in the army until the age of 30; then in
reserves– women were healthy and vigorous; exercised and
played sports; could not vote– created such a strong army, left little time to be
creative in the arts– military valued duty, strength, and discipline.
GREEK SOLDIERGREEK SOLDIER
GREEK PHALANXGREEK PHALANX