Handbook ofReference Data forNondestructive Testing

Leonard Mordfin,Editor

ASTM Data Series: DS68ASTM Stock Number: DS68

ASTM International100 Barr Harbor DrivePO Box C700West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959

Printed in the U.S.A.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Handbook of reference data for nondestructive testing / Leonard Mordfin, editor.p. cm. — (ASTM data series ; DS 68)

‘‘ASTM Stock Number: DS68.’’Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8031-2092-31. Non-destructive testing—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Mordfin,

Leonard. II. ASTM data series publication ; DS 68.

TA417.2.H37 2001620.1�127—dc21

2001043939

Copyright � 2002 ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. All rightsreserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part,in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storagemedia, without the written consent of the publisher.

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NOTE: This publication does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user ofthis publication to establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Printed in Baltimore, MDFebruary 2002

v

Foreword

QUALIFIED NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT) personnelregularly demonstrate their abilities to carry out their responsi-bilities with accuracy and efficiency. They understand the capa-bilities of their equipment and the approaches that will yield themost accurate and reliable results.

Much nondestructive testing is repetitive although neverroutine because the needs for careful attention to detail and foralertness to tiny discrepancies are always present. On the otherhand, it is not at all uncommon for the NDT professional to befaced with a new challenge—a test object that involves differentmaterials, shapes, or dimensions, and a requirement for an im-mediate test. This handbook is intended to serve as a useful toolin such situations. In the absence of his or her library or com-puter, this little book is intended to furnish all or most of thereference data needed to proceed.

The reference data are provided here in tables, charts,graphs, and equations that will help the NDT professional todevelop a promising approach and to carry out a test that islikely to produce reliable results. However, several words of cau-tion are in order.

A considerable portion of the data documented herein arematerial property data: densities, acoustic velocities, X-ray ab-sorption coefficients, magnetic permeabilities, and so on. Thesedata have been gleaned from the literature and are believed tobe reliable, but they have not been independently verified inmost cases. (Note, however, that a blank page (or two) has beenprovided at the end of each chapter for the user to record dataparticular to his or her needs, which could include instrument

vi Foreword

serial numbers, characteristics, and calibrations, as well as rele-vant material properties.)

Testing conditions and parameters are presented here, hav-ing been compiled from recognized standards, but their appear-ance here is intended only to serve as reminders. They do notreplace the standards that may apply. Clearly, the excerpts fromstandards that are given here may not comprise all of the rele-vant requirements, and, certainly, testing parameters outside ofthose cited may be authorized by the contracting organization.

Finally, it is acknowledged that, with a few exceptions, thisbook does not address the interpretation and evaluation of NDTindications, these activities most commonly being carried out inplaces where more thorough sources of reference data are easilyaccessible.

In closing, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to Da-vid Mackintosh, Sam Robinson, John Slotwinski, Patrick Abbott,and Charles Ehrlich, who compiled and organized entire chap-ters for this book. I am also indebted to many other experts whocontributed to this volume, providing data, sources, and valu-able reviews and comments. Two of these merit particularmention, namely, Connie Presley and, most especially, DennisPoffenroth.

Leonard MordfinSilver Spring, MD