health it pp3.pptx

8/14/2019 health it pp3.pptx

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Information technology (IT) concerned with the useof technology to treat information health information

technology describe the comprehensive management ofhealth information across computerized systems and itssecure exchange between consumers, providers,government and quality entities, and insurers


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According to WHO, health technologies are developedto solve health problem and improve the quality oflives.It can help in collection, storage, retrieval, and transferof information electronically. Health information technology can prevent medical

errors, reduce health care costs and also lead toexpansion of accessible health care


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IT in health sector can be utilized in

three broad categoriesImproving the execution of health system by improving themanagement of information and access to that informationImproving the health care delivery through betterdiagnosis, better mapping of public health threats, bettertraining and sharing of knowledge among health workers Improving communication about health, includingimproved information flows among health workers and thegeneral public, better opportunities for health promotion;and improved feedback on the impact of health servicesand interventions


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Current Status of Health IT in India India is hub of IT and IT enabled service industry.Use of HIT is very less in India. It is often used by big

pharmaceutical companies, corporate hospitals andother private health sector.But public health sector is far behind in its utilization. In past decade, health insurance has grown very

rapidly which uses IT in collecting, analysis andtransferring information when needed.


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Role of Health Information

Technology in India Electronic Health RecordHealth and Hospital Information System

Electronic Health RecordDigital Health Knowledge ResourceE-learning Technologies and Applications inHealth SciencesTelemedicinePublic Health Informatics


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Electronic Health Record

Electronic health record (EHR) systematically collectelectronic health information about individualpatients or population.

It record information in digital format which can beshared across different health care settings.


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EHRs may include a range of data

including demographics, medical history, medicationand

allergies, immunization status, laboratory test results,radiology images, vital signs, personal information like age and weight,and billing information.


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Health and Hospital Information

System Most of the hospitals in the country especially publichospitals and health facilities uses manual process andavoid the use of IT.Patients record and its timely availability can affectthe quality of health delivery. Automation can helphospitals to meet the challenges of modern health caredelivery. the major players in this field are CDAC, Wipro, TCSand Siemens Information Systems Ltd (SISL)


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the major software application

areas for information systemspatient admission and registration (data collection,

form production, census management);patient/payer accounting (patient service pricing,patient billing and insurance or other claims,

electronic data interchange, payer logs)

medical records management (assignment of amedical record number, chart location completionmonitoring, procedure and diagnosis codingtranscription processing);


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general financial management;Patient care management;

department clinical management (laboratorysystems, pharmacy systems, radiology systems,operating room systems);outpatient management;


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decision support (budgeting system, cost accountingsystem; financial modeling system, case-mix analysissystems, market analysis systems, productivitymanagement systems); management reporting;office automation and specialty systems (critical care

system, imaging devices).


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Digital Health Knowledge

Resource Digital health knowledge resource is a concept wherecontents are stored in digital format e.g. digital medical library in which information are collected

and stored in digital formats and accessible bycomputers.

A health or medical digital library is designed to assistphysicians, health professionals, students, patients,

consumers and medical researchers in finding healthand scientific information to improve, update, assess

evaluate health care.


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Medical libraries are typically found in hospitals,medical schools, and private industries and in medicalor health associations.It can be accessed at any point of time and from anylocation where internet facility is available. It needs little space for storage.

The cost of maintenance is much lower than that of atraditional library. Digital libraries are user-friendly interfaces, givingclickable access to its resources.


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E-learning Technologies and

Applications in Health Sciences E-learning is transfer of skills and knowledgeelectronically. E-learning applications and processesinclude web-based learning, computer-based learningand digital collaboration.Content can be any form of text, image , animation,streaming video and audio which can be deliveredthrough the internet, intranet/extranet, audio or videotape, satellite TV and CD-ROM.


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Various public health courses are running on e-learning from various public and private institutions

like National Institute of Health and Family Welfare,Institute of Health Management Research,Indira Gandhi National Open University


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Telemedicine Telemedicine is essentially an application of informationand communication technologies which uses a

combination of hardware and software and transmitsignals for the exchange of valid information betweenthe care provider and the receiver for diagnosis,treatment and prevention of diseases and injuries, usingthe internet network.


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The technology is also useful in medical education andtraining of doctors and paramedical staff located inremote locations in the country.Desktop computer with a webcam and a microphoneat both ends is sufficient for basic telemedicineservices.

For transmitting live data to the other end, severalperipheral equipment like electronic stethoscope,microscope and computed tomography (CT) scan canbe connected.


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A basic telemedicine facility may not cost more than 6lakh and an advanced facility can be created within 20lakh. To run this application high-speed internetconnectivity is essential.Satellite-based internet connection can be used in the

places where wire connection will take long time toreach


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Private hospitals like Apollo Hospitals, Aravind Eye Hospitals , NarayanaHrudayalayaare using this technology on a bigger pace to helppeople to access their services at distant locations


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Public Health Informatics Public Health Informatics has beendefined as the systematic application of informationand computer science and technology to public healthpractice, research, and learning.The scope of public health informatics includes theconceptualization, design, development,deployment, refinement, maintenance, and evaluationofcommunication, surveillance, and informationsystems relevant to public health


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SAPPHIRE (Healthcare) or Situational Awareness andPreparedness for Public Health Incidences andReasoning Engines is a semantics based healthinformation system capable of tracking and evaluatingsituations and occurrences that may affect publichealth


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Successful Health Information

Technology Projects in India: CDAC, an autonomous government IT organizationhas developed the first HIS software in collaboration with Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of MedicalSciences, Lucknow in 1997 which has beenimplemented at SGPGI and GTB hospital, New Delhi.GRAMSAT (rural satellite) programme of Indian SpaceResearch Organization (ISRO) has been applying itsspace technology into healthcare


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Aravind Eye Hospital provides online eyeconsultations. Operators are trained to take pictures ofeyes and e-mail them to hospital doctors. Based onthese images, doctors can make a preliminarydiagnosis and recommend various courses of action.


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The Health Inter-Network India

Project Health Inter-Network (HIN) project was launched in2000.This pilot project was designed to document and assessthe impact of Information, Communication andTechnology (ICTs) on the flow of reliable, timely, andrelevant information for health services provision, policymaking, research, and to evaluate and better understandthe challenges for improving the flow of and access torelevant health information in developing countries.


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Challenges in Implementing health

Information Technology India is a hub of IT but still its utilization is very less inhealth sector. Several studies have documented thechallenges faced in implementing information technologyespecially in health sector.Major constrain is lack of accessibility as internetconnectivity is not available in all geographical areasespecially in rural areas.Non availability of comprehensive policy on HIT whichresults in absence of standards, guidelines and qualitycontrol mechanism.Cost is one important aspect which is mainly incurred inpurchasing and installation of technology, improving theinfrastructure to support IT.


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Most of the staff working at health institutions lacksbasic knowledge of computers.Government arranged several courses timely to makehuman resource competent


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Conclusion and Recommendations IT has a role in all the sectors. Health sector is also applyingIT applications but its usage is very less.To expand the utilization

of HIT several actions need to be taken. Firstly, policy,standards or guidelines need to be formulated to maintainandcontrol the quality.Government funding need to be improved in such areas which can result in availability and improvement incurrent infrastructure, purchasing and installingtechnology, recruiting the competent staff or train existinghealth staff.


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To make the health staff competent governmentshould arrange training programmes or courses toenhance their computer skills as well as partnershipcan be done with the private sector for conductingsuch training.


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health it pp3.pptx

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