healthcare - rasmussen college · as the baby boomer generation ages, dentists and dental...

HEALTHCARECAREER OUTLOOK Your guide to planning a future in healthcare

TABLE OF CONTENTSIntroduction ��1

Direct Patient Care �� 2

Indirect Patient Care �� 36

Social Wellness ��46

Dietitians and Nutritionists ��2

Dental Professions �� 4

EMTs and Paramedics ��6

Exercise Physiologists �� 8

Home Health Aides and Personal Care Aides �� 10

Licensed Practical Nurses �� 12

Medical Assistants �� 14

Nurse Anesthetists, Midwives and Practitioners �� 16

Nursing Assistants and Orderlies �� 18

Occupational Therapy Professions �� 20

Pharmacy Professions ��22

Physical Therapy Professions �� 24

Physicians and Physician Assistants �� 26

Radiologic and MRI Technologists �� 28

Registered Nurses �� 30

Respiratory Therapists ��32

Surgical Professions �� 34

Medical Records and Health Information Technicians �� 36

Medical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians �� 38

Medical Administrative Assistants �� 40

Medical and Health Services Managers �� 42

Nurse Educators �� 44

Health Educators and Community Health Workers ��46

Social and Community Service Managers ��48

Social and Human Service Assistants ��50

Conclusion �� 52

INTRODUCTIONAs the population ages and increases, and as health technology and laws become more complex, the need for healthcare professionals who are compassionate, detail-oriented and focused on making a difference in the lives of others continues to expand rapidly. Because of this, individuals entering the healthcare industry can expect to see higher-than-average job projections well into the future.

The healthcare industry is growing, and with it, so are related career opportunities. This guide is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the career options projected to experience significant growth from 2016 to 2026, as reported by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics in the Occupational Outlook Handbook.

The following profiles provide insight into in-demand healthcare career opportunities through job descriptions, education requirements, career outlook and salary averages. This information can be used to help make an informed and thoughtful decision about entering the healthcare industry and a specific healthcare career.

This resource was created by Rasmussen College to support its educational programs. Rasmussen College may not prepare students for all positions featured within this content. Please visit rasmussen.edu/degrees for a list of programs offered. External links provided on rasmussen.edu are for reference only. Rasmussen College does not guarantee, approve, control, or specifically endorse the information or products available on websites linked to, and is not endorsed by website owners, authors and/or organizations referenced. Rasmussen College is a regionally accredited private college and Public Benefit Corporation.

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http://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees

Career OutlookEmployment for dietitians and nutritionists is projected to grow 15% from 2016 to 2026. With more than a third of U.S. adults considered obese by the Centers for Disease Control, the importance of diet and nutrition is higher than ever. This growth can also be attributed to the aging population; the older baby boomer generation is looking for ways to stay healthy.

Dietitians and nutritionists counsel patients on nutrition issues and serve as experts in the use of food and nutrition to promote health and manage disease. Based on a patient or client’s health needs, the dietitian or nutritionist creates a customized plan—taking preferences and cost into account. They offer advice on which foods to consume, as well as which ones to avoid. An example may be a client with diabetes who needs to limit their sugar intake or a client with heart disease who needs to incorporate healthy fats into their lifestyle. Dietitians and nutritionists work in a variety of settings, with some of the most popular being hospitals, clinics, government agencies, cafeterias and schools.

Projected Job Growth

15% (2016–2026)

Salary by percentile for dietitians and nutritionistsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

National Earnings Data

10% $36,910

25% $47,720

50% $59,410

* BLS salary data represents national, averaged earnings for the occupations listed and includes workers at all levels of education and experience. This data does not represent starting salaries. Employment conditions in your area may vary.

DIETITIANS AND NUTRITIONISTS

2

Education RequirementsA Bachelor’s degree is typically required to work as a dietitian or nutritionist. Common degrees are in dietetics, clinical nutrition or public health nutrition. While in school, students will take valuable courses in nutrition, chemistry, biology and psychology. Many states also require licensure or certification in addition to formal education. Common certifications are the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) credential and the Certified Nutrition Specialist (CNS) credential. Nutritionists may also obtain certifications in specialty areas such as sports or pediatric nutrition.

Skills You NeedCompassion—This career requires a caring and empathetic heart. Health and dietary issues can be emotional for a client, and whether health issues arise out of lifestyle choices or because of genetics, dietitians and nutritionists need to be understanding.

Organization—Some nutritionists and dietitians are self-employed and need to manage scheduling, billing and patient files on their own. Other nutritionists and dietitians use their organizational skills to effectively manage multiple clients at once.

Problem solving—After evaluating the health status of a patient or client, the dietitian or nutritionist determines the most appropriate food choices to help their patient or client improve their overall health or manage a disease. They may have to tackle problems along the way such as their client’s food preferences or budget.

DIETITIANS AND NUTRITIONISTS

3

Career OutlookAs the baby boomer generation ages, dentists and dental assistants will be needed to perform more complicated dental work, such as dental implants and bridges. This can explain the faster-than-average projected growth for these two careers; the overall employment for dentists and dental assistants is expected to grow 19% from 2016–2026.

Dental professions work to help improve and maintain patients’ oral health. This includes preventive care such as taking X-rays and administering fluoride treatments, as well as reparative procedures such as removing decayed teeth or performing root canals. There are several careers in dentistry: dental assistants, dental hygienists and dentists—who may specialize and have titles such as endodontists, orthodontists and periodontists. The duties of those in dental careers range from diagnosing and treating diseases of the gums, teeth and mouth to scheduling appointments and processing X-rays. Each dental professional works as part of a team to provide optimal patient care.


19% (for both Dentists and Dental Assistants, 2016–2026)

DENTALPROFESSIONS

4

Salary by Percentile for dental assistantsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for dentistsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $26,170 10% $69,210

25% $31,160 25% $104,800

50% $37,630 50% $151,440


Education RequirementsDentists first need a Bachelor’s degree, usually in a science field, and then must take the Dental Admission Test (DAT) before applying to dental school where they’ll earn a graduate degree. Dental school programs contain in-depth courses on anatomy, periodontics and radiology and also include a clinical component. After graduating from dental school, dentists must become licensed in the state where they work. The requirements to become a dental assistant are not as intensive because the scope of work is smaller. Some states require a license and graduation from an accredited program, which usually take a year to complete. On-the-job training may also take the place of formalized education.

Skills You NeedCommunication—Both roles interact daily with patients, some of whom may be anxious or in extreme pain. Knowing how to relay important medical information while also staying calm and kind can help patients feel more comfortable.

Dexterity—Dentists and dental assistants should both be skilled in working with their hands. They work on a small part of the body and should be able to smoothly navigate tools and instruments around that space.

Organization—Dentists may manage a high volume of patients, and therefore need to keep detailed and accurate medical files and records for each. Dental assistants need to keep the exam areas organized so dentists know where all tools and supplies are.

DENTAL PROFESSIONS

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Career OutlookEMT and paramedic positions are expected to grow at the faster-than-average rate of 15% from 2016 to 2026. These medical professionals are needed to respond to emergencies such as car crashes, acts of violence and natural disasters—especially in rural areas and smaller cities. In addition, the aging population means a rise in the amount of health emergencies, such as strokes and heart attacks, requiring more EMT and paramedic services.

Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics respond to emergency calls and provide medical assistance, which can often be lifesaving. These medical professionals may administer first-aid treatment, life support care and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to patients. They then work to safely transport the patient to a hospital to receive further medical care. EMTs and paramedics oftentimes work alongside police and firefighters in emergency situations. An emergency medical technician is able to provide lifesaving care with minimal equipment. Paramedics, on the other hand, are more advanced and are licensed to administer certain medications orally or through an IV and may also interpret electrocardiograms.


15% (2016–2026)

EMTS AND PARAMEDICS

6

Salary by percentile for EMTs and paramedicsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $21,880

25% $26,470

50% $33,380


Education RequirementsThe requirements to become an EMT or paramedic vary by state and by position. In most cases, a postsecondary program is needed to become an EMT—these programs provide formalized training on how to assess patient’s conditions, how to respond to trauma and cardiac emergencies and how to use equipment to clear airways. Advanced EMTs require more instruction, with emphasis on advanced care methods. Paramedics must be EMT-certified and enroll in a paramedic-specific training program. These programs are more extensive and may result in an Associate’s or Bachelor’s degree. All EMTs and paramedics must also become licensed in the state they wish to work in.

Skills You NeedCompassion—First responder medical professionals often work with patients who are in life-threatening situations or have experienced trauma. Compassion, kindness and patience are important to help patients remain calm.

Physical strength—EMTs and paramedics should be in good physical shape. They may be required to lift patients of various weights onto stretchers or into an ambulance.

Problem solving—In emergency situations, every second counts, so being a quick thinker who can assess a situation and administer the proper care could save lives.

EMTS AND PARAMEDICS

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Career OutlookThe expected job growth for exercise physiologists is 13% from 2016 to 2026. This is faster than average, as hospitals turn to exercise and preventive care to help improve patient health. While this growth is favorable for those interested in the career, competition may still remain high, so candidates with experience and the proper education can expect to see the best prospects.

Exercise physiologists analyze a patient’s medical history and current condition to develop exercise and fitness programs with the goal of improving flexibility, body composition and cardiovascular function. These exercises help patients recover from health problems such as lung or cardiovascular disease. Exercise physiologists create fitness regimens and then monitor patient blood pressure, oxygen use, heart rhythm and other vital signs to ensure patient safety and progress. They sometimes work alongside a patient’s physician to determine the best plan of treatment.


13% (2016–2026)

EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGISTS

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Salary by percentile for exercise physiologists U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $34,250

25% $40,700

50% $49,090


Education RequirementsMost exercise physiologists hold a Bachelor’s degree in Kinesiology, Exercise Science, Exercise Physiology or a related field. This includes courses in subjects related to health and science—biology, statistics, nutrition, kinesiology and anatomy are common. In addition to education, many exercise physiologists have certification in Basic Life Support (BLS), Advanced Life Support (ALS) and/or cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). There are also several professional certification options, such as Exercise Physiologist Certified (EPC), Certified Exercise Physiologist (EP-C) and Certified Clinical Exercise Physiologist (CEP).

Skills You NeedCompassion—Exercise physiologists work with patients who may feel discomfort or even considerable pain, so they must have an understanding nature and be sympathetic while providing treatment and developing exercise programs.

Interpersonal—Along with working one-on-one with patients, exercise physiologists also need to communicate with physicians or relay treatment plans to the patients’ families and sometimes need to manage difficult situations.

Detail-oriented—Being able to record thorough, accurate information on a patient’s condition and progress takes strong attention to detail. Physiologists make detailed notes on a patient’s record to make sure progress is occurring and that patients are completing the right fitness regimen.

EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGISTS

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Career OutlookPositions for home health and personal care aides are expected to grow at the much-faster-than-average rate of 41% from 2016 to 2026. This is due to the aging population—families may look to keep their elderly family members at home rather than in hospitals, relying on the services of home health and personal care aides.

Home health and personal care aides assist patients in daily living activities, such as bathing, dressing, cooking and cleaning. These patients may include older adults, those who are chronically ill or those with disabilities. Depending on the state they’re in, they may perform medical duties such as checking a patient’s vital signs and administering medication. Home health aides work under the direction of a nurse or other healthcare professional and report any changes in patient condition to their supervisor. Personal care aides are more limited in their scope of work; they usually provide non-medical services such as cleaning, cooking and transporting patients to doctors’ offices or other locations.

HOME HEALTH AIDES AND PERSONAL CARE AIDES

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Salary by percentile for home health hidesU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for personal care aidesU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $18,450 10% $18,160

25% $20,640 25% $20,750

50% $23,210 50% $23,100



41% (2016–2026)

Education RequirementsHome health and personal care aides are both considered entry-level positions, which means typically only a high school diploma is required. For those looking to break into the healthcare field, programs at community colleges or vocational schools offer more in-depth programs. Depending on the state, aides may need certification, such as in CPR, before beginning work. Those who wish to work with patients who receive Medicare or Medicaid may have different requirements as well.

Skills You NeedDetail-oriented—Aides may work with patients who have complex needs and schedules, so knowing how to follow instructions from healthcare professionals and properly document any changes in a client’s condition are essential.

Interpersonal—These jobs require constant interaction with patients, and many patients rely on their aides for the most basic of tasks. Those who are dependable, patient and trustworthy can help patients feel more at ease.

Physical strength—Aides should be in decent physical shape before beginning work, as they may need to lift, turn or physically assist patients.

HOME AIDES AND PERSONAL CARE AIDES

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Career OutlookThe career outlook for LPNs is projected to grow 12% from 2016 to 2026 as the healthcare industry continues to expand due to the increasing aging population. Licensed practical nurses will be needed even more in nursing homes and home health environments. LPNs will also see a rise in demand as more cases of chronic conditions, such as diabetes and obesity, occur. Those nurses who have certification in specialty areas, such as gerontology or IV therapy, and are willing to work in underserved areas will see the most favorable job prospects.

Licensed practical nurses (LPNs), also known as licensed vocational nurses (LVNs), provide basic medical care to patients. They perform tasks under the supervision of registered nurses, advanced practice nurses and doctors. Their tasks vary by state, but standard duties include monitoring patients’ vitals, keeping records of patient health, reporting any changes in health to a registered nurse or doctor, changing bandages, feeding patients who need help eating and educating family members on how to care for a relative. Some states allow LPNs to start intravenous drips or give medication.

Salary by percentile for licensed practical nurses U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $32,970

25% $38,010

50% $45,030


LICENSED PRACTICAL NURSES

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12% (2016–2026)

Education RequirementsPost-secondary education is needed to become an LPN; usually this is in the form of a Certificate or Diploma that takes a year or longer to complete. These can be completed at colleges or technical schools, and they cover topics such as biology, nursing and pharmacology and include supervised clinical experience. After a Certificate or Diploma has been awarded, a license is needed to practice nursing. To obtain a license, prospective LPNs need to take the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX-PN).

Skills You NeedCompassion—LPNs work directly with patients and need to provide emotional support through difficult procedures, helping them through painful recovery processes with an empathetic demeanor.

Patience—Nurses provide care to a variety of patients with different injuries, illnesses and disabilities and need to be patient and considerate with each individual while maintaining an excellent level of care.

Physical stamina—As with many patient-facing jobs, LPNs are on their feet for long periods of time. They should be in good physical shape to work with patients and may need to occasionally lift or turn them.

LICENSED PRACTICAL NURSES

13

Career OutlookMedical assisting jobs are expected to grow at the much-faster-than-average rate of 29% from 2016 to 2026. The aging population will increase the need for physicians, who will then need more medical assistants to perform administrative and clinical duties so they can see more patients. While the overall job outlook is extremely favorable, medical assistants who have certification and experience with electronic health records (EHRs) are expected to see even more promising job prospects.

Medical assistants work in hospitals, doctors’ offices and other healthcare facilities. They perform both clinical and administrative tasks but may specialize in either if they work in a large practice or hospital. Their duties vary by location, though many medical assistants are responsible for tasks such as recording patients’ medical history and entering that information into medical records, taking vital signs, scheduling appointments and preparing blood samples for lab tests. These professionals may also assist physicians with minor in-office procedures, sterilize instruments and maintain clinical and laboratory equipment.

Salary by percentile for medical assistantsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $23,830

25% $27,580

50% $32,480


MEDICAL ASSISTANTS

14


29% (2016–2026)

Education RequirementsWhile there are no formal education requirements for medical assistants in most states, earning a Diploma or Associate’s degree in the field is highly recommended to gain the skills, training and knowledge you need to succeed. These programs provide a solid understanding of essential medical assisting skills in areas such as anatomy and medical terminology. They also include laboratory instruction to gain hands-on experience. Some employers prefer hiring certified medical assistants, which requires them to have a degree and pass a certification exam.

Skills You NeedInterpersonal—Working with patients and performing administrative tasks requires the ability to be helpful and understanding and provide exceptional service.

Analytical—Medical assistants need to be able to read and comprehend medical records and understand diagnoses to be able to succeed in their profession.

Detail-oriented—Precision and accuracy are vital to administering injections, lab testing, managing patient records and other responsibilities for the medical assistant role.

MEDICAL ASSISTANTS

15

Career OutlookThe overall job growth for APRNs is expected to grow 31% from 2016 to 2026. Broken down by each role: nurse anesthetists are expected to grow 16%, nurse midwives at 21% and nurse practitioners at 36%. These faster-than-average rates are due to aging baby boomers, newly insured patients resulting from healthcare legislation and an increased emphasis on preventive care.

Nurse anesthetists, midwives and practitioners are also referred to as advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). They coordinate patient care and may provide primary and specialty healthcare. APRNs may work independently or with physicians, and in most states, they can prescribe medications, order medical tests and diagnose health conditions. Some duties are the same as those of a registered nurse, though APRNs are trained to perform many additional functions, including ordering and evaluating test results, referring patients to specialists and diagnosing and treating ailments.

APRNs may also specialize in fields such as anesthesiology, midwifery or primary care. Nurse anesthetists administer anesthesia to patients during surgery, taking a patient’s medical history beforehand so anesthesia can be properly administered. They stay with the patient throughout the whole procedure to monitor vital signs and adjust dosage as necessary. Nurse midwives specialize in women’s health, particularly in obstetrics, but may also act as primary care providers for women and newborns. Nurse practitioners can be primary or specialty care providers, specializing in a variety of fields such as geriatric, pediatric or psychiatric health.

NURSE ANESTHETISTS, NURSE MIDWIVES AND NURSE PRACTITIONERS


31% (2016–2026)

16

Education RequirementsAPRNs must hold a Master’s degree from an accredited program and be licensed RNs in the state in which they work. The Master’s level programs include courses in anatomy, physiology and pharmacology, as well as any specializations (e.g., courses in midwifery, psychiatry or geriatrics). Many APRNs choose to earn a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) or a Ph.D. Additional experience, licenses or certifications may be required depending on the state and specialty.

Skills You NeedLeadership skills—APRNs are in charge of other nurses and staff, and must be able to effectively lead others (or sometimes work as part of a team) to create the best healthcare experience for patients.

Communication—On top of leading other nurses and working as part of a team, good communication skills are also necessary when dealing with patients to ensure the appropriate course of action for their health is understood.

Critical thinking—During an evaluation, APRNs must notice subtle changes in a patient’s health in order to provide various treatments and medications. They quickly determine the most appropriate course of action and decide if a consultation with another healthcare professional is needed.

NURSE ANESTHETISTS, NURSE MIDWIVES AND NURSE PRACTITIONERS

17

Salary by percentile for nurse practitionersU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $74,840

25% $88,810

50% $103,880


Salary by percentile for nurse anesthetistsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

10% $110,520

25% $140,750

50% $165,120

Salary by percentile for nurse midwivesU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

10% $66,500

25% $86,570

50% $100,590

Career OutlookJobs as nursing assistants and orderlies are projected to grow 11% from 2016 to 2026. This steady growth can be attributed to the need for nursing assistants in long-term care facilities, such as nursing homes. As the baby boomer population ages, more elderly people are anticipated to fill these facilities. Many workers may also leave this occupation in search for a higher paying position, opening up opportunities for job seekers.

Nursing assistants and orderlies, or nursing aides, provide non-medical care for patients. Nursing assistants typically work in hospitals or long-term care facilities, helping patients with basic tasks like dressing, bathing and eating. They move and reposition patients, assisting or transporting them into their beds or wheelchairs. Nursing assistants may measure patients’ vital signs and record any health concerns to be reported to the supervising nurse or doctor. Depending on the state and its requirements, some nursing assistants can administer medication. Orderlies are less patient-facing than nursing assistants; they work to clean equipment, stock supplies and change linens. They may interact with patients by pushing their wheelchairs to help them navigate around the facility.

NURSING ASSISTANTS AND ORDERLIES

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Salary by Percentile for nursing assistantsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for orderliesU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $20,680 10% $20,240

25% $23,330 25% $22,730

50% $27,520 50% $27,180



11% (2016–2026)

Education RequirementsTo become a nursing assistant, one must pass a state-approved education program and exam. These programs teach the basic foundations of nursing and include a clinical component to gain exposure to the various tasks and responsibilities of a nursing assistant. Once the program is completed, nursing assistants must pass a competency exam in order to work in their state, which affords them a state-specific title such as Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA). To work in a nursing home, nursing assistants need to be placed on the state registry and may undergo a criminal background check. Depending on the state, nursing assistants can earn additional credentials to perform more specialized tasks, such as dispensing medication. Orderlies do not need a license and often have a high school diploma with on-the-job training.

Skills You NeedCommunication—These jobs require interaction with patients and healthcare professionals, so nursing assistants need to effectively relay any important information to nurses or doctors, in addition to addressing patients’ concerns.

Patience—Many of the tasks undertaken by these assistants are tedious. Working with the elderly can be challenging, too, so having patience to complete these tasks and stay calm is important.

Physical stamina—Much of the day-to-day responsibilities of these jobs are physical. From lifting patients to pushing wheelchairs, being in good shape will help.

NURSING ASSISTANTS AND ORDERLIES

19

Career OutlookBoth OTs and OTAs are projected to see much faster than average job growth from 2016 to 2026. Occupational therapists will see an estimated 24% growth, while occupational therapy assistants will see an estimated 29% growth. This demand can be attributed to the aging baby boomer population, many of whom will require therapy to help ease age-related illnesses. Much of this growth is expected to be in long-term care facilities such as nursing homes and in home healthcare services.

Occupational therapy exists to help patients who are injured, ill or disabled regain or improve essential skills needed for living and working. Patients vary from children with developmental disabilities to elderly adults with chronic health issues. Occupational therapists (OTs) and occupational therapy assistants (OTAs) work with these patients to perform exercises and activities to relieve pain and function more independently. These professionals may educate patients on how to use special equipment, such as leg braces and wheelchairs, and how to perform tasks that are adaptive to their needs (e.g., teaching someone who had a stroke how best to get dressed). Occupational therapy professionals may work in a variety of settings, from schools to mental health settings and hospitals.

While these are the broad duties of both occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants, it’s important to distinguish between the two. OTs are the professionals who develop treatment plans, evaluate a patient’s condition and needs, recommend special equipment and demonstrate exercises and activities. OTAs support the efforts of the occupational therapists, assisting with exercises and treatment plans as seen fit by the supervising therapist. Both work together and with other healthcare professionals to deliver exceptional patient care.


24% for occupational therapists(2016–2026)

29% for occupational therapy assistants(2016–2026)

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY PROFESSIONS

20

Education RequirementsOccupational therapy assistants need an Associate’s degree from an accredited program, which can be found at some community or technical colleges. They also must be licensed in most states, which requires passing an exam administered by the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy (NBCOT).

Occupational therapists have a minimum requirement of a Master’s degree, with some completing Doctoral programs. Once out of school, they must become licensed, which is done by passing an exam administered by the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy (NBCOT). Passing this exam affords them the title of “Occupational Therapist, Registered” (OTR).

Skills You NeedAdaptability—Both OTs and OTAs need to be flexible in their treatment of patients. Each patient has different needs, and it is important to be responsive and creative in listening to and treating those needs.

Compassion—Patients who need occupational therapy may struggle with everyday activities, so having compassion and patience to understand their struggles and help them overcome obstacles is crucial.

Interpersonal skills—These are both patient-facing jobs. There is daily interaction with both patients and their families, so therapists and assistants should be friendly and know how to communicate clearly

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY PROFESSIONS

21

Salary by Percentile for Occupational Therapy AssistantU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for Occupational TherapistU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $39,020 10% $54,560

25% $48,970 25% $67,970

50% $59,310 50% $83,200


Career OutlookThe projected job growth for these positions is projected to remain steady. Pharmacists can expect to see a 6% growth from 2016 to 2026, while pharmacy technicians have a 12% projected growth. The increasing age of the population is driving this anticipated growth, as more medications are prescribed to treat chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. In addition, advancements in science and research will introduce more medications, increasing the need for pharmacy professionals to deliver these medications to patients.

Those in pharmacy professions work to ensure patients receive the proper medication they need to treat or alleviate any illness or condition. While many may recognize pharmacists and pharmacy technicians from working in drug stores, they can also be found in hospitals and clinics. Pharmacists are licensed to fill prescriptions from physicians’ orders, educate patients on their medication and give flu shots and other immunizations. Areas of specialty include community pharmacists, who work in stores and pharmacies; clinical pharmacists, who work in healthcare settings and work closely with physicians to recommend medications and dosages; consultant pharmacists, who work for healthcare facilities or insurance carriers to improve services and pharmaceutical industry pharmacists, who may help develop and test new drugs.

Pharmacy technicians (pharm techs), on the other hand, are there to support pharmacists. They help dispense medication to patients, answer phone calls, package and label prescriptions, record patient information and arrange consultations with a pharmacist if patients have questions regarding their prescriptions.


6% for pharmacists(2016–2026)

12% for Pharmacy Technicians (2016–2026)

PHARMACY PROFESSIONS

22

Education RequirementsBecoming a pharm tech can be done one of two ways: with a high school diploma and on-the-job training, or through a postsecondary education program. Postsecondary programs usually last a year or less and equip students with essential skills to succeed in the field. Many states require pharm techs to be certified; the Pharmacy Technician Certification Board and the National Healthcareer Association both offer certifications.

Pharmacists require years of rigorous schooling, ending with a Doctor of Pharmacy degree from a postgraduate professional program. Some of these programs require a Bachelor’s degree or two years of undergraduate study to be admitted. The Doctor of Pharmacy programs are typically four-year programs and cover topics such as chemistry, pharmacology and medical ethics. After school, pharmacists need to pass two exams to become licensed to practice.

Skills You NeedCommunication—Both pharmacy technicians and pharmacists work with patients. Pharmacists need to clearly explain medication and usage to patients, while technicians help deliver medication to patients.

Computer—These professions both involve work with computers, as electronic health record systems become more prevalent.

Detail-oriented—Measuring out the wrong amount of medication or giving the wrong prescription to a patient could result in serious harm. Being organized and meticulous in dispensing medicine is essential for both of these careers.

PHARMACY PROFESSIONS

23

Salary by percentile for pharmacistsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for pharmacy techniciansU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $86,790 10% $20,950

25% $107,810 25% $24,760

50% $121,500 50% $30,410


Career OutlookCareers in physical therapy are expected to grow much faster than average in the years from 2016 to 2026. Physical therapist jobs are projected to increase 28%, and physical therapist assistant jobs are projected to increase 31%. This growth is due to the aging population, as there will be higher incidents of strokes, heart attacks and other mobility-related issues that cause people to need physical therapy. Thus, physical therapy professionals who work in long-term care, home health, nursing homes or outpatient orthopedic facilities are expected to see the most favorable opportunities.

Physical therapy is for people who have functional problems from injuries or illness, and it aims to improve their movement and manage their pain through rehabilitation. There are two notable careers in this field: physical therapists (PTs) and physical therapist assistants (PTAs). Physical therapists are responsible for creating individual care plans for patients, evaluating and recording patient progress and adjusting treatment and care as necessary. Treatment plans include exercise regimes, such as through stretching, hands-on therapy and equipment. PTs help educate patients and their families on how to follow these exercises and plans and on what to expect during the recovery process.

Physical therapist assistants work under a physical therapist’s supervision to provide care and assistance as needed with patients during therapy. They may help patients complete specific exercises, assist in stretching and aid in balance training and other therapeutic interventions. They may observe and record patient progress to later be reported to physical therapists. Together, PTs and PTAs help patients work to regain function or movement.


28% for physical therapists(2016–2026)

31% for physical therapist assistants (2016–2026)

PHYSICAL THERAPY PROFESSIONS

24

Education RequirementsPhysical therapists must obtain a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) degree. To earn a DPT, a Bachelor’s degree is typically needed in addition to three years of postgraduate school. PT students often need to complete clinicals or a residency and pass the National Physical Therapy Examination to become licensed.

The typical requirement for physical therapist assistants is an Associate’s degree, which generally last about two

years. PTAs also need to be licensed or certified before beginning work.

Skills You NeedCompassion—Patients who need physical therapy are often in pain, so being a compassionate therapist or assistant can help calm patients.

Dexterity—Physical therapy involves hands-on exercises, and both therapists and assistants use their hands to massage, stretch and physically assist patients.

Physical stamina—In addition to the hands-on aspect, physical therapists and assistants often demonstrate exercises to patients, as well as spend most of their time on their feet helping patients.

PHYSICAL THERAPY PROFESSIONS

25

Salary by Percentile for physical therapistsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for physical therapist assistantsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $59,080 10% $35,930

25% $71,670 25% $46,780

50% $86,850 50% $57,430


Career OutlookPhysician and physician assistant jobs are expected to grow faster than the average from 2016 to 2026. Physicians have a 13% projected growth and physician assistants have a 37% projected growth. An aging population will lead to more instances of chronic diseases and age-related illnesses, calling for physicians and physician assistants to diagnose and treat. Opportunities for both careers are especially prevalent for those willing to work in low-income or rural areas.

Physicians and physician assistants are who you may encounter when you visit the doctor’s office. They work in physicians’ offices, hospitals, outpatient clinics and other healthcare facilities to examine, diagnose and treat patients. While physicians and physician assistants have many of the same responsibilities, physician assistants work under the supervision or direction of physicians. Physicians work independently and may run their own practice.

These medical professionals can be found in a wide array of medical areas from primary care to emergency medicine and surgery. They work in all specialties to help patients receive quality healthcare. In addition to treating or prescribing medications to patients, both professions may take patients’ histories, order X-rays and blood tests, set broken bones, give immunizations, record patient progress and research treatments.


13% for physicians(2016–2026)

37% for physician assistants(2016–2026)

PHYSICIAN AND PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS

26

Education RequirementsIn addition to a Bachelor’s degree, physicians must attend medical school, which takes four years to complete, and then complete an additional three to seven years of internships and residencies. Physician assistants need a Bachelor’s degree and a Master’s degree, which is usually an additional two years of postgraduate schooling. Both groups need to be licensed and certified before beginning work. Physicians must pass either the U.S. Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) or the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination (COMLEX-USA). Physician assistants need to pass the Physician Assistant National Certifying Examination (PANCE).

Skills You NeedCommunication—These healthcare providers work with patients and other healthcare professionals throughout the day, explaining medical issues, diagnoses and treatments.

Emotional stability—Doctors and physician assistants are often on the front-lines of care, sometimes in traumatic situations. The ability to stay calm and provide quality care in these intense circumstances is crucial.

Problem solving—Evaluating, diagnosing and treating patients requires logic and analytic skills to ensure the proper medication or care plan is prescribed.

PHYSICIAN AND PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS

27

Salary by percentile for physicians and surgeonsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for physician assistantsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $60,390 10% $66,590

25% $125,310 25% $87,980

50% > $208,000 50% $104,860


Career OutlookJobs for these professionals are expected to increase at the faster-than-average rate of 12% from 2016 to 2026. As the population ages, the prevalence of cancer and Alzheimer’s disease will increase, requiring more patients to need MRIs. Job prospects will be favorable across the board, but technologists who graduate from accredited programs and earn certifications will be the most competitive in the market.

Radiologic and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) technologists operate and perform imaging examinations on patients. Radiologic technologists (rad techs) work with equipment such as X-rays and computed tomography (CT) machines. They prepare and position patients for imaging, as directed by doctors. Preparation includes recording medical history, educating the patient on the imaging process and shielding any exposed areas of the body that need to be protected. MRI technologists may prepare patients by injecting them with contrast dyes that allow the images to show up on the scanner. Neither of these technologists read or interpret the images, but they do ensure they are clear and readable for physicians.

RADIOLOGIC AND MRI TECHNOLOGISTS

28


12% (2016–2026)

Salary by percentile for Radiologic and MRI technologists

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $39,840

25% $47,380

50% $58,440


Education RequirementsRadiologic technologists need an Associate’s degree from an accredited program. These programs cover image evaluation, radiation physics and protection, patient care and anatomy. They typically take two years to complete and may involve clinical work. MRI technologists often begin their careers as rad techs and go on to specialize later in their career. In addition to education, many states require radiologic technologists to be licensed. Even if it is not a requirement, employers often prefer hiring certified technologists.

Skills You NeedDetail-oriented—Technologists follow physician orders on what to image; they must be thorough and accurate in their work to ensure the right image is taken.

Interpersonal skills—This is a patient-facing job and includes interaction with individuals who may be in pain or fearful of the situation. Technologists should be personable, patient and encouraging to ensure the best images are taken.

Technical skills—These professionals work with complex medical equipment, so having a knack for working with machinery and technology is ideal.

RADIOLOGIC AND MRI TECHNOLOGISTS

29

Career OutlookAs the largest healthcare profession in the United States, nursing continues to provide ample job opportunities. RN jobs are projected to increase 15% from 2016 to 2026. The aging population in particular will increase demand for nurses in home health, long-term care and outpatient care facilities. More and more hospitals are seeking nurses who hold a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree, so nurses who earn this credential will see a more favorable job market.

Registered nurses (RNs) play a vital role in the treatment and care of patients across a variety of healthcare settings. Through administering treatments, providing emotional support and observing symptoms, RNs implement individual care to patients based on their health conditions and prognosis. They often work with physicians to administer a patient care plan through duties that vary based on their specialization. Oncology, surgical care, gynecology, gerontology, pediatrics, trauma and home health are just a few of the areas that RNs may choose to specialize in.


15% (2016–2026)

Salary by percentile for registered nursesU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $48,690

25% $57,340

50% $70,000


REGISTERED NURSES

30

Education RequirementsThere are various credentials one could earn to become an RN: an Associate’s Degree in Nursing (ADN) or a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN). All programs include coursework in anatomy, chemistry, psychology, physiology and other science-related subjects. ADNs take around two to three years to complete. BSNs typically take four years to complete, but the additional education in areas such as critical thinking and leadership may help nurses land more advanced positions. All RNs must also obtain a nursing license to practice, which is achieved by passing the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX-RN).

Skills You NeedEmotional stability—RNs treat patients who are suffering from a variety of complicated and sensitive illnesses and conditions, so they must have the emotional stability to provide exceptional care and cope with suffering and other stressful conditions.

Compassion—RNs provide emotional support to patients and their families, requiring them to possess the ability to empathize and provide comfort.

Detail-oriented—Nurses need to pay attention to details to properly observe patients and provide the best level of care they can to each patient on a case-by-case basis as health conditions vary drastically.

REGISTERED NURSES

31

Career OutlookJobs for respiratory therapists are expected to grow at the faster-than-average rate of 23% from 2016 to 2026. This demand will be largely due to the aging population that needs care for respiratory conditions such as pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other disorders that damage or restrict lung function. In addition, conditions caused by pollution and smoking, along with an increased awareness of disease prevention, will see more patients utilizing respiratory therapy.

Respiratory therapists assist and care for patients who have trouble breathing. These patients range from those who have chronic respiratory illnesses such as asthma to elderly patients and premature infants with problematic lungs. Respiratory therapists may work with physicians to determine the best treatment plan and then teach patients how to take medication and use equipment like ventilators or inhalers. They evaluate patients by testing lung capacity and taking blood samples to measure oxygen levels. Respiratory therapists work in a variety of healthcare settings including hospitals, home care and nursing homes.

Salary by percentile for respiratory therapistsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $43,120

25% $50,540

50% $59,710


RESPIRATORY THERAPISTS

32


23% (2016–2026)

Education RequirementsRespiratory therapists may find work with an Associate’s degree, but many employers now prefer hiring those who have a Bachelor’s degree. These degree programs cover coursework in anatomy, chemistry, pharmacology, microbiology, diagnostic procedures and tests and patient assessment. They may need to become CPR certified before working. In addition, all states require certification except Alaska. There are two levels of certification offered through the National Board for Respiratory Care: Certified Respiratory Therapist (CRT) and Registered Respiratory Therapist (RRT).

Skills You NeedProblem solving—Respiratory therapists evaluate patients’ symptoms, consult with other healthcare professionals and recommend and administer the appropriate treatments.

Science and math—In order to calculate the right dose of a patient’s medicine, a respiratory therapist must understand anatomy, physiology and other sciences, along with having strong math skills.

Compassion—Providing emotional support to patients undergoing treatment is important. Being understanding and sympathetic to a patient’s needs is part of what makes a great medical professional.

RESPIRATORY THERAPISTS

33

Career OutlookJobs for surgeons are projected to grow 14%, while surgical technologists are expected to see 12% growth. As technology advances, surgery becomes safer and more people are choosing to undergo surgery to treat illnesses and injuries. For example, with the aging population, more people may choose to receive knee replacements to improve their quality of life. Because of this, all members of the surgical team will see steady growth.

While physicians, nurses and other healthcare professionals may treat patients non-invasively, those in surgical careers work to operate and treat more severe or extensive illnesses and injuries. Surgeons are physicians trained to work in the surgical setting; they may specialize in areas such as orthopedic surgery, cardiovascular surgery or neurological surgery. In general, surgeons operate on patients to remove cancerous tumors, treat broken bones, correct physical deformities and repair tissue damage. Surgeons use a variety of instruments in their job, which is where surgical technologists find a place in the operating room.

Surgical technologists assist surgeons by sterilizing equipment, counting surgical supplies and passing instruments to surgeons as needed during surgery. These technologists also work with patients, as they prepare them for surgery by washing and disinfecting incision sites and transporting them to and from the operating room. While surgical technologists cannot perform medical procedures, they may assist surgeons in holding retractors or in holding the patient’s internal organs in place as the surgeon works.


14% for surgeons(2016–2026)

12% for surgical technologists(2016–2026)

SURGICAL PROFESSIONS

34

Education RequirementsSurgeons must first earn a Bachelor’s degree, with coursework in biology, chemistry and physics. Then they must attend four years of medical school, and another three to seven years in internships or residency programs. They also need to pass the U.S. Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) in order to become licensed to practice.

Surgical technologists typically need an Associate’s degree from an accredited program, which typically last two years. Some states also require certification.

Skills You NeedDexterity—All surgical professionals work with their hands in a confined space, meaning they must have steady hands and be skilled in using small tools.

Physical stamina—Surgery can last for hours, requiring everyone working in the operating room to stand for long periods of time. Surgical technologists may also need to position patients and should be comfortable with doing so.

Stress management—Some types of surgery, such as emergency surgery, can be very traumatic and stress-inducing, so it’s imperative for surgical professionals to stay calm under pressure.

SURGICAL PROFESSIONS

35

Salary by percentile for surgeonsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for surgical technologistsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $88,360 10% $32,470

25% $195,110 25% $38,020

50% > $208,000 50% $46,310


Career OutlookThe job growth for health information technicians is projected to rise 13% from 2016 to 2026. The aging population will increase many areas of healthcare; as the aging population will require more healthcare services, there will be more records and insurance reimbursements to organize and manage. In addition, the rising use of electronic health records (EHRs) will increase the demand for professionals to help manage that area of health information.

Health information technicians organize and manage health information data, while ensuring its quality, accuracy, accessibility and security. Health information technicians have a thorough understanding of electronic health records, including billing, coding and the security of patient information. They code health records according to diagnosis, operation and procedure for the purpose of reimbursement, research and compliance with federal regulations.

They can also manage specialty healthcare data such as radiology, cardiac care or oncology. Health information technicians also communicate with physicians and other healthcare providers regularly to clarify diagnoses or obtain supplementary information. They may specialize as medical coders or cancer registrars.

MEDICAL RECORDS AND HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNICIANS

36

Salary by percentile for medical records and health information techniciansU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $25,810

25% $30,990

50% $39,180



13% (2016–2026)

Education RequirementsHealth information technicians need postsecondary education, usually in the form of a Certificate or Associate’s degree. A Certificate program typically includes coursework in medical terminology, coding foundations, health information law and ethics and different types of medical coding. Associate’s degree programs cover a lot of the same subjects, in addition to health data requirements and standards, healthcare statistics and computer systems. Some employers prefer hiring candidates who obtain additional certification, such as the Registered Health Information Technician (RHIT) or the Certified Tumor Registrar (CTR).

Skills You NeedCritical thinking—Accessing medical records and processing health information requires the ability to critically evaluate complex data.

Integrity—Healthcare data is often sensitive and classified information, and, by law, health information technicians need to keep data confidential. Exercising discretion and ethics is mandatory.

Technical—Health information technicians require specific expertise in classification and coding software and the other systems of organization their healthcare setting has in place.

MEDICAL RECORDS AND HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNICIANS

37

Career OutlookMedical laboratory technologists can expect to see a 12% growth from 2016 to 2026. Medical laboratory technicians will see a slightly higher 14% projected growth. This faster-than-average growth is largely due to the aging population—lab tests will be needed to diagnose conditions such as diabetes and cancer. Also, prenatal testing for genetic conditions is becoming more common, increasing the need for qualified lab professionals.

Medical and clinical laboratory technologists and technicians play a vital role in assisting physicians with the care of patients. These lab professionals collect samples—blood, urine and tissue—and then use equipment to test and analyze the samples. Medical lab technologists have a wider scope of work in that they are able to perform more complex tests and procedures than technicians. They can also specialize in areas such as immunology, microbiology or molecular biology.

Medical lab technicians usually work under the supervision of medical lab technologists. Together, these two professions work together to provide accurate and timely results for doctors and other healthcare providers to use to treat patients.


12% for Lab Technologists(2016–2026)

14% for Lab Technicians(2016–2026)

MEDICAL & CLINICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS

38

Education RequirementsMedical lab technicians typically need an Associate’s degree to qualify for most positions. Associate’s degree programs offer courses in laboratory disciplines and usually are no longer than two years of study. Medical lab technologists often hold a Bachelor’s degree in Medical Technology or Life Sciences. Bachelor’s degree programs contain classroom and clinical components. Once out of school, some states require lab professionals to be licensed, but students should consider certification as a way to qualify for more jobs.

Skills You NeedTechnical—Technologists and technicians both operate sophisticated lab equipment. While most of these skills will be taught in school, being comfortable and familiar with technology will help.

Dexterity—These jobs require working with needles and small tools to transfer samples and tissues. Lab professionals need to handle these tools carefully.

Physical stamina—Some technologists and technicians may collect samples from patients themselves and may also be required to lift or turn patients. These jobs also require standing for long periods of time.

MEDICAL & CLINICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS

39

Salary by Percentile for medical & clinical laboratory technologists

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational

Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for medical and clinical laboratory technicians

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational

Employment Statistics*


10% $41,510 10% $26,010

25% $51,080 25% $31,250

50% $60,520 50% $38,950


Career OutlookEmployment growth for medical secretaries is projected to increase rapidly at a rate of 22% from 2016 to 2026. As with most healthcare careers, the job growth is also linked to the aging population growth—more medical services will be needed, calling on medical administrative assistants to handle the billing, insurance processing and other clerical duties.

Medical administrative assistants, sometimes called medical secretaries, perform a variety of clerical duties necessary to run a healthcare organization efficiently. Some tasks include basic billing and coding, scheduling and processing healthcare insurance reimbursement. Medical administrative assistants also need to have a solid understanding of medical terminology and procedures in order to record simple patient histories, arrange for patients to be hospitalized and order supplies. Though most medical administrative professionals do not care for patients directly, they are vital to the smooth and successful operation of a healthcare facility.


22% (2016–2026)

MEDICAL ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANTS

40

Salary by percentile for medical secretariesU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $24,240

25% $28,490

50% $34,610


Education RequirementsMedical administrative assistants need on-the-job training or a Certificate from an accredited school. In Certificate programs, students learn industry terminology and best practices. Training for medical administrative assistants is longer than that for other secretarial positions as there are more complex duties, terminology and software involved.

Skills You NeedOrganizational—Medical administrative assistants need to have a system for organizing files and documents, so the administrative side of the healthcare office or facility is efficient.

Strong communication—From maintaining medical records to relaying messages to patients, employees and managers, being pleasant and attentive is an important trait to possess for the clerical duties of this role.

Writing—Medical administrative assistants often compose emails and memos to insurance companies, patients and healthcare providers. They must have good grammar and know how to write in a professional manner.

MEDICAL ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANTS

41

Career OutlookCareer growth for medical and health services managers is expected to increase at the faster-than-average rate of 20% from 2016 to 2026. This increase is in direct relation to the growing number of healthcare facilities and the need for managers to run and coordinate these professionals and services. Occupational opportunities are projected to grow in health practitioner offices as technological advancements allow more medical services to shift to smaller healthcare facilities. Managers with experience in or knowledge of electronic health records and health information technology systems will see favorable prospects as healthcare facilities adopt these technologies.

Medical and health services managers, sometimes referred to as healthcare administrators or executives, direct and coordinate medical and health services in an entire facility, specific department or clinical area. They supervise and communicate with medical staff and department heads, create schedules and manage finances. These professionals combine business with medical acumen to maintain a healthcare facility and ensure it adapts to and abides by advancing technological laws and regulations.

Some medical and health services managers may specialize in certain areas of facilities; nursing home administrators oversee the staff, admissions, finances and care in a nursing home; clinical managers oversee a specific department in a hospital or outpatient center and health information managers take responsibility for all patient records and data.

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SERVICES MANAGERS

42


20% (2016–2026)

Education RequirementsMedical and health services managers or administrators typically need a Bachelor’s degree in areas that combine business and healthcare. Popular options include Health Administration, Healthcare Management, Nursing, Business Administration and Health Information Management. Depending on the state and the facility, specific certifications or licensure may also be required or preferred.

Skills You NeedInterpersonal—Managerial and administrative work in healthcare settings requires the ability to work well with others and communicate with a team of professionals effectively.

Detail-oriented—Healthcare managers oversee the staff, services and patients in a facility or department and need to be organized and detail-oriented to keep track of all the finances, scheduling and billing information.

Leadership—These professionals manage entire departments and facilities and need to be ready to provide quick solutions, address administrative problems and motivate staff.

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SERVICES MANAGERS

43

Salary by percentile for medical and health services managersU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $58,350

25% $75,340

50% $98,350


Career OutlookWith healthcare rapidly growing, there is a demand for nurses and, consequently, nursing educators. Because of this, positions are expected to grow at the much-faster-than-average rate of 24% from 2016 to 2026.

Nurse educators work in academia to teach patient care and nursing fundamentals to nursing students. They may teach in a classroom or work to demonstrate skills in an educational clinical setting. These educators develop instructional plans and syllabi, plan lessons and assignments, work with other nursing educators to create courses for a degree program and assess students through grading assignments and exams. They may teach full time or part time and devote the rest of their time to research.


24% (2016–2026)

Salary by percentile for nurse educatorsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $40,630

25% $55,080

50% $71,260


NURSE EDUCATORS

44

Education RequirementsNurse educators need at minimum a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN), coupled with more than three years of experience working in the field. However, nurse educators who wish to educate nurses in BSN programs or higher will need at least a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN). Many nurse educators work as nurses in the field for years before transitioning into academia. Having experience working as a nurse can help when teaching the hands-on clinical components. Aside from having an advanced Nursing degree, nurse educators may be required to have a valid nursing license in some states.

Skills You NeedResourcefulness—Nurse educators who develop their own curriculum and classes need to present information in a relatable and effective way. They may also need to improvise if lessons run too long or too short.

Interpersonal skills—Teaching requires interaction with students, so having patience to explain complex topics and answer students’ questions is a daily requirement of this job.

Public speaking—Nurse educators often present lectures in front of large groups of nursing students, so they should be comfortable speaking in front of varying numbers of students.

NURSE EDUCATORS

45

Career OutlookThe job growth for health educators and community health workers is driven by efforts to improve health outcomes and reduce healthcare costs by teaching people health habits and explaining how to use available healthcare services. Demand for these occupations is expected in increase by 16% from 2016 to 2026.

Health educators work to improve the health of individuals and communities by teaching the public about various behaviors and factors that may affect health. They may work one-on-one with patients in hospitals or educate groups of people in business. They work in a variety of settings—from healthcare facilities to colleges to public health departments and private businesses—with the goal of helping people understand their health and factors that affect their health.

In comparison, community health workers act as a link between the community and healthcare professionals. They work to gather health data from the population, analyze it and report the findings back to health educators, who then develop programs and training materials on any area of relevance. Community health workers advocate for patients and may help people enroll in programs such as Medicaid or Medicare. Their goal is to help community members find the care they need and to improve care coordination.


16% (2016–2026)

HEALTH EDUCATORS AND COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS

46

Education RequirementsTo become a health educator, one needs a Bachelor’s degree in Health Education, Health and Wellness or Health Promotion. Additionally, some employers may require educators to become certified, of which the Certified Health Education Specialist (CHES) credential is one of the most popular. A faster way into the public health field is to become a community health worker. Community health workers only need a high school diploma, although having a one-year Certificate or Associate’s degree often yields more opportunities.

Skills You NeedCommunication—Discussing health concerns, advising clients or community groups on health-related issues and contacting clients to ensure they’ve completed required or recommended actions require strong communication skills.

Interpersonal—Community health workers interact with people from all backgrounds and walks of life. They should know how to relate to and explain important health concepts to diverse populations.

Writing—Part of each job involves developing written materials to help educate the public and discuss health findings. Health educators may also write proposals to apply for funding for programs.

HEALTH EDUCATORS AND COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS

47

Salary by Percentile for community health workersU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*

Salary by percentile for health educatorsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $25,150 10% $31,440

25% $30,900 25% $39,600

50% $38,370 50% $53,940


Career OutlookSocial and community service manager positions are expected to grow at the faster-than-average rate of 18% from 2016 to 2026. The increasing age of the population will increase the demand for social services, and areas such as adult daycare and meal delivery will need social services managers to oversee programs. Another area of growth is in substance abuse, as rehabilitation becomes increasingly more common.

Social and community service managers work to oversee social services programs and community organizations. They work with community members, stakeholders and other public health officials to identify programs and services necessary to improving health and services community-wide. They utilize data to evaluate the efficacy of current programs and come up with solutions on how to improve services. Social and community service managers work with a variety of populations; they may work with children, older adults, homeless people or focus on specific issues such as substance abuse or long-term unemployment.


18% (2016–2026)

Salary by percentile for social and community service managersU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $39,730

25% $49,800

50% $64,100


SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE MANAGER

48

Education RequirementsSocial and community service managers need at least a Bachelor’s degree, preferably in a field such as Public or Business Administration, Public Health or Social Work. Some employers may look for those with a Master’s degree. Bachelor’s degree holders may also need work experience to qualify for a management position, so jobs such as a social worker or substance abuse counselor are good starting points.

Skills You NeedAnalytical—Social and community service managers work to evaluate data and make decisions based on their analysis. They should know how to think critically to make the best decisions.

Communication—Part of this role involves public speaking, so it’s helpful to be comfortable talking with diverse groups of people.

Managerial—This is a leadership position. These managers administer budgets, respond to a wide range of issues and help to train and motivate staff, so managerial skills are necessary.

SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE MANAGER

49

Career OutlookJobs for social and human service assistants are expected to increase 16% from 2016 to 2026. This growth is largely driven by the aging population increasing the number of people needing these services. Another reason for this faster-than- average growth is the increase in individuals seeking treatment for addiction.

Social and human service assistants work with individuals to help connect them to the care and support they need. They may work with one specific type of client or with a variety of populations. The most common types of clients these professionals work with are families and children, the elderly, people with disabilities, people with addictions, veterans, people who suffer from mental illness, homeless people and former prison inmates.

Duties will vary, but basic responsibilities include: determining the aid their client needs, developing a treatment plan and course of action, researching and coordinating services applicable to the client and following up to ensure they’re being administered appropriately.

SOCIAL AND HUMAN SERVICE ASSISTANTS

50

Salary by percentile for social and human service assistantsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics*


10% $21,480

25% $26,130

50% $33,120



16% (2016–2026)

Education RequirementsEducation requirements vary for this career, although some employers will hire those with a high school diploma and on-the-job training. The most competitive candidates have a Certificate or Associate’s degree in a related field, such as Behavioral Science, Human Services or Gerontology. These degree programs teach students how to observe and interview patients, carry out treatment plans and interact with people who are in crisis.

Skills You NeedCompassion—Social and human service assistants work with people who are at a disadvantage, so they must have empathy and patience while working with their clients.

Organizational—This job deals with large amounts of paperwork for many different clients. Being organized will help ensure each client is getting the service they need in a timely manner.

Time management—With several clients to see in a day, time management is crucial to making sure all clients are seen and getting the attention they need.

SOCIAL AND HUMAN SERVICE ASSISTANTS

51

CONCLUSIONThe healthcare industry continues to expand, and with it, so do professional career paths. Our Healthcare Career Outlook provides a glimpse into a variety of growing and vital healthcare career opportunities in today’s market, and we hope you found it to be a helpful resource as you solidify your career goals.

When you choose which career is right for you, the next step is to evaluate what type of education can best prepare you for your chosen profession. Rasmussen College offers the right credential for you to enter your chosen field to lead to the job you want. With a range of industry-relevant healthcare credentials in our School of Health Sciences and School of Nursing, Rasmussen College offers programs that provide hands-on learning, streamlined degree timelines and competitive tuition pricing to make your education even more attainable. To learn more about earning a credential at Rasmussen College, please visit our School of Health Sciences or School of Nursing pages.

Rasmussen College is a career-focused, private college that specializes in offering the most in-demand Master’s, Bachelor’s and Associate’s degrees, Diplomas and Certificates in a highly supportive, student-centered educational environment across 22 campuses and online throughout the country.

This guide was created by Rasmussen College to promote our educational programs and to provide general career-related information covering the fields included in this book. Rasmussen College does not offer programs to prepare students for every occupation profiled in this book; please see www.rasmussen.edu/degrees for a list of the programs we offer. Rasmussen College is a regionally accredited private college and Public Benefit Corporation.

*The data compiled in the Career Outlook section of each career profile was gathered from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Occupational Outlook Handbook, unless otherwise noted. Occupational Outlook Handbook, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. U.S. Department of Labor, May 2018. <bls.gov/ooh/>. BLS salary data represents national, averaged earnings for the occupations listed and includes workers at all levels of education and experience. This data does not represent starting salaries. Employment conditions in your area may vary.

See rasmussen.edu/SID for information about educational debt, earnings and completion rates.

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http://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/health-sciences/

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