Index

2

What is HFCS ?

How it is differ from sucrose ?

History ?

Industrial preparation ?

Production status of abroad ?

Consumption status in India ?

Role of HFCS in food ?

Metabolism in body ?

Is it safe ?

Health concern ? Lets solve the doubt

What is High Fructose Corn Syrup?

High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is a sweetener made from corn and can be found in numerous foods and beverages

Known by name glucose/fructose in Canada Glucose – Fructose Syrup (GFS) in the EU High-fructose maize syrup in other countries—comprises any of a group of corn syrups that has undergone enzymatic processing to convert some of its glucose into fructose to produce a desired sweetness.

DIFFERENCE B/W SUCROSE AND HFCS

Necessi

ty is

the mother

of inventio

n

• Untill 1954 HFCS didn’t exist• Marshall and Kooi developed an enzyme called

glucose isomerase• 1977 sugar cost rose • Production costs on new dietary staples rose

significantly. • Drink industries need alternative of sweetener • Surprising results found

• Cornstarch made from the inner germ layer and outer husk of the corn or maize is the key ingredient for Corn Syrup.

• Natural enzymes alpha-amylase is first added to the mixture to break it down into oligosaccharides

• Next, enzyme glucoamylase is added to break oligosaccharides into glucose

• Glucose is added directly to the glucose-isomerase or xylose isomerase and the slurry liquid is further heated. It gets converted to a mixture comprising 50–52% glucose, 42% fructose and traces of other sugar

Starch Industry Overview

8

FermentationHydrogenation

Sorbitol

Corn

Wheat

Wet Milling

Dry Milling

Citric Acid

Ethanol

Xanthan Gum

Starch

Glucose Syrup

42 & 55 HFCS

Crystalline Dextrose

Crystalline Fructose

Maltodextrin

Conversion

Refining

Value AddedStarches

Separation

Milled corn starch slurry

Glucose isomerase

INDUSTRIAL PREPARATIONOF HFCS INDUSTRIAL PREPARATIONOF HFCS

Dextrin slurry

Saccharide syrup

Filtered/deionise/clarified

Glucose syrup <50%

amyloglucosidase

HFCS HFCS 90% 52% 42%

Alpha amylase

vedio

Production status Production status

• In 1984, when soft drink makers like Coca-Cola and Pepsi began using high-fructose corn syrup, that it really jumped in general acceptance. Production grew from about 3 million tons in 1980 to about 8 million tons in 1995.

• Now in recent survey it reaches up to 19 million ton. • Production increase in Asian countries

Bray G A et al. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:537-543

©2004 by American Society for Nutrition

Total fructose

Free fructose

hfcs

obesity

Over weight

• Easy to transport.• Fructose is sweetest of all naturally occurring

carbohydrate.• High solubility lead to softer product and ability to

retain moisture and better texture and baked goods.

• Free monosaccharides in HFCS provide better flavor enhancement, stability, freshness, texture, color, pourability, and consistency in foods in comparison to sucrose.

• Provides sweetness intensity equivalent to sugar.

• Enhances many fruit, citrus and spice flavors in beverages, bakery fillings, and dairy products.

• Preserves and protects food by reducing water activity in products such as jams and jellies.

• Preserves texture of canned fruits and reduces freezer burn in frozen fruits.

• Provides soft, moist texture allowing production of chewy cookies, snack bars, and other baked goods.

• Provides texture in beverages.

• Imparts browning and flavor to baked goods, including breads, cakes, cookies cereal nad vegetable

ROLE OF HFCS IN DIETROLE OF HFCS IN DIET

a. Safety – The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved HFCS as a safe ingredient for use in foods and beverages.

b. Calories – HFCS and table sugar contain the same number of calories – 4 calories per gram or 16 calories per teaspoon.

c. Metabolism – This term refers to how thebody converts food into nutrients that canbe used by the body’s cells to sustain lifeand growth. Tests have shown that HFCS,table sugar, and honey all are digested andmetabolized similarly. This is not surprisingsince their compositions are similar.d. Obesity - Excess body fat results whenpeople do not balance their energy(caloric) input with energy output

What industries say ?

• Breads

• Condiments(like yogurts, ketchups etc)

• Soft drinks

• Beverages

• Fast foods

Your brain doesn't view HFCS the same way it does other kinds of sugar. This is because of the way HFCS is metabolized in your liver. When you have prolonged ingestion of HFCS, you may be promoting your liver to dump more lipids, like cholesterol and triglycerides, into your bloodstream, putting you at an increased risk of metabolic syndrome, a cluster of health problems associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes and heart disease. In addition, foods with lots of fructose -- HFCS is a mixture of usually 55 percent fructose and 45 percent glucose -- may skip your body's energy-balancing mechanisms. An important one is activating leptin, the so-called "satisfaction hormone" that tells your brain when you've had enough to eat and when your body needs to burn more calories. As a consequence, the claims that HFCS makes you overeat and make u overweight.

METABOLISM of HFCSMETABOLISM of HFCS

PICTORIAL REPRENTATION OF FRUCTOSE METABOLISM

• Fructose metabolise differently

• Only liver can metabolise fructose which does not istimulate insulin hormone

• Fructose more readily then glucose replenish liver glycogen at which time triglycerides senthesis occure

Major Effecting body organMajor Effecting body organ

• Primarily on Brain • Liver

• Pancrease

• Blood vessels • Heart

Consequences of affecting brainConsequences of affecting brain

• Act on hunger centre• Hypothalamus realize 3 hormone namely

Orexin, Ghrelin and Leptin• Orexin and ghrelin --- increase hunger• Leptin shows opposite effect• Phenomenon significantly decrease with

fructose• overeating

Effect Blood vessel and heart

• Cholesterol deposition in blood vessels

• Blood sugar increase

• Chances of heart attach increase many times

Pancreatic cancer

Increased Appetite

• Avoid all sweetened soft drinks.

• Read product labels carefully

• Try using the natural non-caloric sweetener stevia extract in your coffee, tea, or homemade desserts.

• Avoid beverages containing fructose

• Love to eat home made food

What the nutrient Experts says

• Prolong consumption of HFCS in diet is hazardous to health

• It sweet and slow poison in our diet

• It is toxic as tobbacoo

Question and Answers

•Thank you

•BE HEALTHY

•Thank you

•BE HEALTHY