hinduism evangelicalism muslim budhism jainism judaism.docx

7/28/2019 Hinduism Evangelicalism Muslim Budhism Jainism Judaism.docx

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Hinduism is the

majorityreligion[1][2]

of theIndian

subcontinent, particularly

ofNepalandIndia.

includesShaivism,Vaishnavismand

rautaamong numerous othertraditions. Among other practices andphilosophies, Hinduism includes a

wide spectrum of laws and

prescriptions of "daily morality"

based onkarma,dharma, and

societal norms. Hinduism is a

categorisation of distinct intellectual

or philosophical points of view, rather

than a rigid, common set of beliefs.[3]

Evangelicalism is a world-wideProtestantChristianhistorical

movement that began in the 1730s with the

emergence of theMethodistsin England.

The movement became significant in the

United States during the series ofGreat

Awakeningsof the 18th and 19th

centuries.Pietism,Nicolaus Zinzendorfand

the Moravian

Church,PresbyterianismandPuritanismha

ve influenced Evangelicalism.
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A Muslim, also

spelled Moslem,[1]

is an

adherent ofIslam,

amonotheisticAbrahamic

religionbased on theQur'an

which Muslims consider theverbatim word ofGodas

revealed

toprophetMuhammadand,with lesser authority than the

Qur'an, theteachings and

practices of Muhammadas

recorded in traditional

accounts, calledhadith.

"Muslim" is an Arabic word

meaning "one who submits to

God".

Buddhism is areligionindigenous to

theIndian subcontinentthat encompasses a

variety of traditions, beliefs and practices

largely based on teachings attributed

toSiddhartha Gautama, who is commonly

known as the Buddha, meaning "the awakened

one". The Buddha lived and taught in the

eastern part of theIndiansubcontinentsometime between the 6th and

4th centuries BCE.[1]

He is recognized by

Buddhists as anawakenedor enlightened

teacher who shared his insights to helpsentient

beingsend their suffering (dukkha) through the

elimination of ignorance (avidy) by way ofunderstanding and the seeing of dependent

origination (prattyasamutpda) and theelimination of craving (tah), and thus theattainment of the cessation of all suffering,

known as the sublime state ofnirva.[
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Jainism/denzm/, traditionally known as Jainadharma, is anIndian religionthat prescribes a path

of non-violence towards all living beings and

emphasises spiritual independence and equality

between all forms of life. Practitioners believe that

non-violence and self-control are the means by

which they can obtain liberation from the cycle of

reincarnations. Currently, Jainism is divided into two

major sects;Digambaraandvtmbara.

Judaism (from the LatinIudaismus, derived

from theGreek, and ultimately

from theHebrew ,Yehudah

,"Judah";

[1][2]in Hebrew: , Yahadut, the

distinctive characteristics of the

Judeanethnos)[3]

is

thereligion,philosophyand way of life of

theJewish people.[4]

Judaism is

amonotheisticreligion, with its main

inspiration being based on or found in

theHebrew Bible(also known as

theTanakh) which has been explored in

later texts, such as theTalmud. Judaism is

considered by religious Jews to be theexpression of the covenantal

relationshipGodestablished with

theChildren of Israel.[5]
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