history of medicine
DESCRIPTION
History of Medicine. Introduction to Health Science and Technology. Objectives. Students will be able to identify key historical events in the science of medicine. Students will be able to identify similarities and differences of medicine in history and medicine today. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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History of MedicineHistory of Medicine
Introduction to Health Scienceand Technology
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ObjectivesObjectives• Students will be able to identify key
historical events in the science of medicine. • Students will be able to identify similarities
and differences of medicine in history and medicine today.
• Students will find a person in history from a country of their ancestors that contributed to medicine in some way and put it on the time line developed as a class.
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18th CenturyR e ne La e nn ec
B e n jam in Fra n k linE d w ard Jen n er
Dark and Middle Ages(4 0 0 -1 4 0 0 A D )
N o M ed ica l S c ie n cefo r 10 0 0 ye a rs
R o be rt K o chW ilhe lm R o e ntg en
F lo ren ce N ig h tin g a le
19th CenturyIg n a s S e m m e lw e iss
L o u is P as te urJo sep h L is te r
The Renaissance(1 4 0 0-1 6 50 A D )
R e b irth o f S cie n ceM e d ica l S ch o o ls
Jo n a s S a lkA lfred S a b in
B a nd in g & B e stD r. Ja rv ik
20th CenturyC la ra B a rton
S ig m u nd Fre udA le xan d er F lem ing
16th and 17th CenturiesL e on a rdo da V in ci
W illia m H a rve yA n to n van Le e uw en ho ek
EgyptiansH e a lth R e co rds
M e d ic in esS p lin te d fra ctu res
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Primitive TimesPrimitive Times
• Used tribal Witchdoctors to cure disease
• Trephining – drilling holes in the head - was often used to help release evil spirits from the sick person.
• Herbs and Plants were used as medicine.
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The The EgyptianEgyptian People People
• Earliest people to keep health records
• Identified diseases
• Used Medicine to heal (Herbs and Plants)
• Splinted fractures
EgyptianEgyptian
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The Greek PeopleThe Greek People• Study causes of disease• Aristotle began
comparative Anatomy
• Alcmaeon – Theorized Brain was the seat of understanding
• Herbs and Plants used for healing
• Hippocrates– The “Father of
Medicine”– Hippocratic Oath
• “Code of Ethics”
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Ancient RomansAncient Romans• First to provide
medical care for soldiers during battle
• Early hospitals – usually in the homes of doctors.
• First to create a public health part of government and develop sanitation systems.
• Herbal remedies used
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Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD)Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD)• Study of medicine stopped for over
1000 years.• Medicine practiced in monasteries and
convents.• First medical school opened toward the
end of the middle ages• Rhazes – invented suturing to close
wounds
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Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD)Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD)
• Used herbal medicine
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Plagues and Epidemics during the dark agesPlagues and Epidemics during the dark ages
• Bubonic Plague
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The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)• Rebirth of Science
– Medical schools– Study of the body by
dissection– Leonardo da Vinci –
Created many inventions and studied and created anatomical drawings.
– Vesalius – Wrote first Anatomy book
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The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)• Invention of the Printing Press
made books available to study.
Monks copying books in a Monastery prior to the Renaissance
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16th and 17th Century16th and 17th Century• Leonardo da Vinci – continued influence
– Studied and recorded the anatomy of the body.
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16th and 17th Century16th and 17th Century• William Harvey
– Pumping heart and circulation.
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16th and 17th Century16th and 17th Century
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek– Invented the microscope
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More Illness...More Illness...
• Smallpox• Tuberculosis• Cholera• Influenza• Diphtheria• Whooping
Cough• Mountain Fever
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18th Century18th Century
• Benjamin Franklin– Invented bifocals
because he had trouble seeing.
– Electricity– Many more
inventions
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18th Century18th Century• Edward Jenner
– Vaccination for smallpox
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19th Century19th Century• Rene Laennec– Invented the stethoscope
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19th Century19th Century• Joseph Lister
– The first doctor to use antiseptic during an operation to prevent infection.
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19th Century19th Century• Ignas Semmelweiss
– Cause of childhood fever– Instituted hand washing– Died from a cut he received during an
autopsy.
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19th Century19th Century• Louis Pasteur
– Microorganisms cause disease.
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19th Century19th Century• Robert Koch
• The ‘Father of Microbiology”
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19th Century19th Century• Wilhelm Roentgen
– Discovered x-rays
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19th Century19th Century• Florence Nightingale
– First school of nursing– Made nursing an honorable profession
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19th Century19th Century• Clara Barton
– Established the American Red Cross
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20th Century20th Century• Sigmund Freud
– His studies were the basis of psychology and psychiatry
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20th Century20th Century• Sir Alexander Fleming
– Discovered Penicillin
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20th Century20th Century• Jonas Salk
– Discovered a ‘killed’ polio virus vaccine
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Other DiscoveriesOther Discoveries
• Alfred Sabin– Live polio vaccine
• Dr. Jarvik– Artificial heart
• Dr. Divecci– First Heart Transplant
• Europe in 20th Century– First ‘test tube’ baby
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Other Discoveries..Other Discoveries..• First EKG Machine
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Not the end…only the beginning!Not the end…only the beginning!
• You are the future!