Holy ordersHoly orders

Jose AlcantarJose Alcantar

Miguel JacomeMiguel Jacome

Jacob TorresJacob Torres

Diego VasquezDiego Vasquez

Christian VirtucioChristian Virtucio

THE MINISTRY OF JESUSTHE MINISTRY OF JESUS

Holy Orders celebrates the ministry of Holy Orders celebrates the ministry of Jesus as a priest, prophet, and servant Jesus as a priest, prophet, and servant leader. These three roles of Jesus have leader. These three roles of Jesus have shaped the Catholic understanding of the shaped the Catholic understanding of the ministry of all God’s people and of the ministry of all God’s people and of the ordained ministry in particular.ordained ministry in particular.

Jesus as a high priest comes from the New Jesus as a high priest comes from the New Testament.Testament.

The image of Jesus as the one true high The image of Jesus as the one true high priest offering himself in sacrifice on the priest offering himself in sacrifice on the cross was linked to Christians’ celebration cross was linked to Christians’ celebration of the Eucharistic meal. of the Eucharistic meal.

Celebrating the Eucharist was the central Celebrating the Eucharist was the central expression of faith for Christians.expression of faith for Christians.

ContinuationContinuation A prophet is someone who unceasingly reminds A prophet is someone who unceasingly reminds

people about God and God’s ways.people about God and God’s ways. God’s word was revealed not only in Jesus’ spoken God’s word was revealed not only in Jesus’ spoken

words, but also in the flesh and blood reality of his words, but also in the flesh and blood reality of his life.life.

Jesus flatly rejected the desire of many of his Jesus flatly rejected the desire of many of his followers to make him a political or military ruler. followers to make him a political or military ruler.

He didn’t trick, coerce, terrorize, or manipulate people He didn’t trick, coerce, terrorize, or manipulate people in any way to get him to them to follow him. He in any way to get him to them to follow him. He treated them with compassion, and respect, forgave treated them with compassion, and respect, forgave their sins, healed their wounds, and gave them their sins, healed their wounds, and gave them nourishment for both body and soul. nourishment for both body and soul.

THE CHURCH: A PRIESTLY THE CHURCH: A PRIESTLY PEOPLEPEOPLE

Priesthood of all Priesthood of all believers means believers means that every that every Christian can Christian can minister in a minister in a priestly role, a priestly role, a prophetic role, prophetic role, and a servant and a servant leader role.leader role.

ORDAINED MINISTERS: ORDAINED MINISTERS: REPRESENTING CHRISTREPRESENTING CHRIST

Holy Orders congers on men a sacred Holy Orders congers on men a sacred power for the service of the faithful, a power for the service of the faithful, a power for that comes to them from power for that comes to them from Christ through his church.Christ through his church.

Apostolic succession – through this Apostolic succession – through this sacrament there are continuous link sacrament there are continuous link between the authority given the between the authority given the Apostles by Christ and the authority Apostles by Christ and the authority of validly ordained bishops through of validly ordained bishops through the ages. the ages.

Jesus chose men to be his Apostles.Jesus chose men to be his Apostles. The church is bound by Jesus’ choice The church is bound by Jesus’ choice

to ordain only men and thus to ordain only men and thus ordination of women is not possible.ordination of women is not possible.

THE FUNCTIONS OF THE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE ORDAINEDORDAINED

Bishops have the fullness of Bishops have the fullness of Holy Orders and are entrusted Holy Orders and are entrusted with these tasks:with these tasks:

1.leading worship and 1.leading worship and sacraments (priestly function)sacraments (priestly function)

2.teaching and applying the truth 2.teaching and applying the truth of the Gospel to their own times of the Gospel to their own times (prophetic function)(prophetic function)

3.pastoral governance (servant-3.pastoral governance (servant-leader function)leader function)

ContinuationContinuation Priests are coworkers with Priests are coworkers with

the bishop of their diocese, so the bishop of their diocese, so they share with him and their they share with him and their fellow priests the fellow priests the responsibility for worship, responsibility for worship, teaching, and governing. teaching, and governing.

Deacons are directly Deacons are directly connected with a bishop, connected with a bishop, whom they serve by helping whom they serve by helping him and his coworkers, the him and his coworkers, the priests, to carry out their priests, to carry out their tasks. tasks.

CELIBACY: THE GIFT OF SELF CELIBACY: THE GIFT OF SELF TO GODTO GOD

Catholic priests and bishops are celibate and Catholic priests and bishops are celibate and they don’t marry and pledge not to have they don’t marry and pledge not to have intimate sexual relationships. intimate sexual relationships.

A man who is already married may be A man who is already married may be ordained to a permanent deacon, but a deacon ordained to a permanent deacon, but a deacon who is single cannot marry. who is single cannot marry.

SYMBOLIC ACTIONS AND SYMBOLIC ACTIONS AND WORDS:’WORDS:’

The participation of the The participation of the Christian community is the first Christian community is the first action in receiving any action in receiving any sacramentsacrament

Lying on of hands is the main Lying on of hands is the main symbolic action in the symbolic action in the sacrament of Holy Orders; the sacrament of Holy Orders; the lying on of hands by the bishops lying on of hands by the bishops symbolizes and brings about his symbolizes and brings about his empowerment by the Spiritempowerment by the Spirit

THREE ORDERS, THREE THREE ORDERS, THREE RITUALSRITUALS

Bishops receive the Book Bishops receive the Book of the Gospels, their head of the Gospels, their head is anointed with sacred oil, is anointed with sacred oil, and they are given a ring, and they are given a ring, which signifies marriage to which signifies marriage to the churchthe church

They also receive a miter They also receive a miter (a type of hat symbolizing (a type of hat symbolizing authority) and a shepherd’s authority) and a shepherd’s staff of leadership style in staff of leadership style in Jesus, the good shepherd.Jesus, the good shepherd.

ContinuationContinuation Priests include clothing them in Priests include clothing them in

official vestments of the office, official vestments of the office, anointing their hands with oil, anointing their hands with oil, and presenting them with a and presenting them with a paten, and a chalice holding the paten, and a chalice holding the bread and wine, signs of their bread and wine, signs of their role in the Eucharist.role in the Eucharist.

Deacons are also dressed in Deacons are also dressed in their vestments during the their vestments during the ordination ritual. They receive ordination ritual. They receive the Book of the Gospels, a the Book of the Gospels, a symbol of the ministry of symbol of the ministry of preaching that is part of a preaching that is part of a deacon’s official role in the deacon’s official role in the church.church.

HOLY ORDERS’ HISTORYHOLY ORDERS’ HISTORY Specific duties were to be fulfilled in Specific duties were to be fulfilled in

the first century of the Christian the first century of the Christian communitycommunity

It became common to appoint or elect It became common to appoint or elect either a person or a group to take the either a person or a group to take the leadership role both in coordinating leadership role both in coordinating the various service activities of local the various service activities of local communities and in presiding at the communities and in presiding at the EucharistEucharist

The second century to the sixth The second century to the sixth century, church leadership roles century, church leadership roles became more specialized. Ordination became more specialized. Ordination rites developed for each kind of rites developed for each kind of ministry. ministry.

The role of the deacon was by and The role of the deacon was by and large absorbed into the functions of large absorbed into the functions of the presbyters.the presbyters.

ContinuationContinuation Bishops delegated more and more responsibility Bishops delegated more and more responsibility

to priests in order to keep up with the growing to priests in order to keep up with the growing number of church communities. number of church communities.

In the sixth century, bishops and priests became In the sixth century, bishops and priests became more set apart from the rest of the church more set apart from the rest of the church community. community.

The influence of monastic life had a great deal The influence of monastic life had a great deal to do with this distinction.to do with this distinction.

Early Christians felt drawn to living apart from Early Christians felt drawn to living apart from society in cavers, the desert, or in an isolated society in cavers, the desert, or in an isolated community called monasteries. community called monasteries.

ContinuationContinuation The Council of Trent set The Council of Trent set

out to establish a more out to establish a more pious and better educated pious and better educated clergy than had existed clergy than had existed during the Middle Ages. It during the Middle Ages. It decreed that seminaries decreed that seminaries were to be established in were to be established in each diocese, and bishops each diocese, and bishops were obliged to be residents were obliged to be residents of their own dioceseof their own diocese

SINCE VATICAN COUNCIL IISINCE VATICAN COUNCIL II Vatican Council II dated back to Vatican Council II dated back to

the early traditions of the the early traditions of the church.church.

It renewed the church’s It renewed the church’s recognition that many facets of recognition that many facets of Christ’s priesthood are the Christ’s priesthood are the shared responsibility of shared responsibility of ordained persons and laypeople ordained persons and laypeople together.together.

Bishops, priests, and deacons Bishops, priests, and deacons were encouraged to work along were encouraged to work along with laypeople helping to with laypeople helping to provide for the spiritual needs of provide for the spiritual needs of the community.the community.

ContinuationContinuation

Laymen and laywomen direct Laymen and laywomen direct retreats, teach religion, serve as retreats, teach religion, serve as spiritual directors, and hold spiritual directors, and hold administrative positions in administrative positions in Catholic schools, parishes, and Catholic schools, parishes, and diocese. diocese.

Laypeople, (by the sacrament of Laypeople, (by the sacrament of Holy Orders) are empowered to Holy Orders) are empowered to teach, to preside at the teach, to preside at the sacraments, and to govern in the sacraments, and to govern in the name of Jesus Christ.name of Jesus Christ.