how a bill becomes a law final
TRANSCRIPT
04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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How a Bill Becomes a Law
Ch 12 Sec 3 and 4
04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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Topics
I. The First Steps
II. The Bill in Committee
III. The Bill on the Floor
IV. The President
04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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I. The First Steps
A. From idea to bill
B. Public and Private Bills
C. Resolutions
D. The First Reading
04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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A. From idea to bill
• Only Representatives and Senators may introduce legislation– Representatives introduce bills in the hopper.– Senators give it to the clerk or announce it on the
floor.
• Other groups may influence Congressman on potential laws.– The President,Special Interest groups and
constituents.
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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B. Public and Private Bills
• Public bills apply to the nation as a whole.• Private Bills are measures that apply to a
specific person.• Sometimes bills have riders attached to the bill.
– The rider will not pass on its own merit.– Xmas tree or pork barreling– Graft
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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C. Resolutions
• Joint Resolutions must be approved by both houses, usually deal with temporary maters. (Foreign policy)
• Concurrent Resolutions passed by both houses, does not require signature of president and does not have force of law.
• Simple Resolutions that only deal with maters in one house.
04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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04/12/23
12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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D. The First Reading
• Bills are given #’s and titles when they are read into the congressional record.– H.R 2840– S. 200
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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II. The Bill in Committee
A. The Committee at work
B. Committee Actions
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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A. The Committee at work
• Bill is sent to committee and subcommittee• Committee staff will research the bill
– Hearings on Pro and Con, witnesses– Impact of Bill.
• Congress can take junkets.• Markup session
– Make changes to bill or combine similar bills into one large bill
• Bill then can be reported to the Full House
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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B. Committee Actions
• Report the bill favorably, unfavorably or amended.
• Report a committee bill ,or a bill that refers to many bill of a similar topic.
• Pigeonhole or refuse to report the bill.– In this case a member can issue a Discharge
Petition to force a bill out of committee.– Requires a majority vote.
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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III. The Bill on the Floor
A. The calendar
B. Debate in the House
C. Debate in the Senate
D. Voting
E. Conference committee
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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A. The Calendar
• Once a bill leaves committee it must be placed on the calendar.
• The House Rules committee places the bill on the calendar.– The House has 5 different calendars.
• Senate majority leader places bill on one.• This is the 2nd reading
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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B. Debate in the House
• The House Rules committee will establish time and rules of Debate.
• To official business the House must have a quorum of 218 or….
• House can meet as a committee of the Whole.– Needs only 100 present.– Rules for debate are established by the Rules
committee– Debate time is limited– Moves at a much faster pace.
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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C. Debate in the Senate
• Senate debate is unlimited– Filibusters can be used to block legislation– Cloture rule can end a filibuster if 60 senators
vote to agree.
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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D. Voting
• Voice Vote: – most common. Members say yea or nay. No record
• Teller Vote: – Members are counted in the aisle as they leave.
• Standing Vote– Members stand if in favor and are counted.
• Roll call vote– Role is called and each members states yea or nay
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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E. Conference committee
• Temporary committee that settle differences between House and Senate versions of a bill
• After differences are resolved between bills, the Final version is then voted on in the House and the Senate.
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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IV. The President
A. Sign the Bill
B. Veto
C. Not sign the Bill, and 10 days later it becomes a law.
D. Pocket Veto, if the end of the session is over within the next 10 days.
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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Terms to Know
• Standing Committees• Bills• Select Committees• Joint Committees• Discharge petition• Pigeonholed• Riders
• Joint Resolution• Concurrent Resolution• Simple Resolution• Hopper• Markup session• Junket• Filibuster• Pocket Veto
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12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution.
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